If you open the column,　Great ideas lead great practice. In the process of continuous innovation and development of the supreme leader’s thought of rule of law, the the Supreme People’s Procuratorate Party Group has always aligned the supreme leader’s thought of rule of law with the major decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, and gradually formed a series of new concepts of procuratorial work in the new era, guiding the continuous innovation and development of procuratorial work in the new era. This newspaper will launch "Learning the Supreme Leader’s Thought of Rule of Law   Strengthening legal supervision in the new era "column, reporting the positive practice and achievements of procuratorial organs at all levels in implementing the supreme leader’s rule of law thought in an all-round and multi-angle way.

Looking back on the development history of procuratorial suggestions in the past 66 years, procuratorial suggestions have been closely related to social governance in the name of legal supervision since its birth.

● After retiring for many years, the Procurator-General of Huang Huoqing left a poem: "The communist ideal has been sworn, how can it stand by?" This is the values of the older generation of prosecutors, and it is also the original intention of the procuratorial suggestions to be reborn. When we find problems in handling cases, we should point them out. We cannot and should not turn a blind eye and keep silent.

● Wang Guiwu, an expert in procuratorial theory, thinks: "Because of the combination of handling cases and procuratorial suggestions, the energy of handling cases has been spread to all aspects within our power, and the social and political effects of handling cases have been brought into full play, which has found a good way to overcome the change of style of handling cases in isolation."

● the Supreme People’s Procuratorate sent the "No.1 Procuratorial Proposal" to the Ministry of Education for the first time, which aroused great concern in the society and opened a new period in the development history of procuratorial suggestions.

● The "legal dividend" brought by the improvement of the legal system in the fields of civil, administrative and public interest litigation to the development of procuratorial suggestions is amazing.

In the summer of 2020, the sun is passionate. Liaoning Anshan passenger station, the sea of people fluctuates, even heavy luggage can disappear into the crowd in an instant, and the sign of eliminating evil is still hanging in the corner, which is peaceful and harmonious. More than a year ago, it was like an absurd story novel: the "black boss" was bullying, the "underground law enforcement team" was parading through the city, and passengers and drivers were miserable.

On June 4, 2019, Anshan City Procuratorate discovered the problem of "black order" in the passenger station when examining the case of Luo Moumou and other 23 people suspected of organizing, leading and participating in underworld organizations, seeking trouble and extortion, and then issued procuratorial suggestions to the transportation department on passenger traffic management, and a vigorous passenger traffic rectification began. In August 2020, this procuratorial proposal was selected as "2019 Excellent Procuratorial Proposal for Social Governance of National Procuratorial Organs".

At that time, Liu Zhong, the head of the comprehensive management team of Anshan Procuratorate and an expert in procuratorial business in Liaoning Province, witnessed the introduction, promotion and follow-up supervision of this excellent procuratorial proposal. The senior prosecutor holds a 67-page PPT courseware of "Development and Practice of Procuratorial Suggestions", which contains a lot of historical content.

Looking back on the development history of procuratorial suggestions in the past 66 years, procuratorial suggestions have been closely related to social governance in the name of legal supervision since its birth. Especially since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, procuratorial organs have thoroughly implemented a series of important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on the construction of the rule of law, always adhered to the people-centered principle in procuratorial suggestions, focused on solving outstanding problems in the field of the rule of law, and promoted the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity on the track of the rule of law, which has always shown a vigorous and endless vitality.

How did all this happen?

Introduction: late relief cotton-padded clothes and the death of Wang fool

How was the death of fool Wang discovered? No one remembers it, but it caused a stir in Tianjinwei in 1955.

Fool Wang is a bachelor in Shuangkou Township, a northern suburb. He doesn’t even have a formal name and lives on government relief. The village has heard that relief cotton-padded clothes will be distributed since half a month ago, but it has never been distributed. Near the winter solstice, it’s freezing, and Wang Fool wears thin clothes. Sometimes he stays at the door, and sometimes he sleeps on the floor in the house. On December 17th, the fourth day of the 11th lunar month, there was no reed in the heavy snow. Fool Wang finally got the relief cotton-padded clothes from the township government, but he failed to survive this winter and was frozen to death.

The death of Wang Fool attracted many rumors, which attracted the attention of Tianjin Procuratorate. On September 29, 1956, the Municipal Procuratorate instructed the Northern Suburb Procuratorate to investigate the cause of Wang Shazi’s death due to freezing. A prosecutor named Jin Bingqi accepted this task. After going to the countryside for investigation, he wrote a "Proposal of Tianjin Northern Suburb People’s Procuratorate" and sent it to the Civil Affairs Section of the Northern Suburb People’s Committee:

According to the Civil Affairs Bureau’s 1955 plan to strengthen the winter relief work, the relief cotton-padded clothes were required to be basically delivered to the rescued people by the end of November, but your department delivered them to the rescued people on December 17th, with a delay of about 20 days. After the delivery, you did not carefully check and lacked serious and responsible education for rural cadres. Although the relief was delivered, it lacked relief effect from the perspective of Wang Fool’s problem. I hope you can implement the policy instructions issued by your superiors in a timely and effective manner.

A week after the proposal was issued, Jin Bingqi got the Inspection of Freezing to Death by replying to the letter from the People’s Committee of the North Suburb. Firstly, the paper explained the distribution of relief cotton-padded clothes and said:

We think that Shuangkou Township failed to implement the superior policy in time to solve the problem of cotton-padded clothes for relief households, so it does not meet the requirements of the city and district, which is worth checking and correcting.

In addition, we think that the areas pointed out in your college’s proposal have not been carefully inspected after distribution, and there is a lack of serious and responsible education for townships and village cadres. For the lack of inspection below, our subjective attention to relief work is not enough. It is very poor to urge and help townships to do this work in time, which has caused losses, which should be taken as a warning. In addition to the in-depth inspection of this work, we have dispatched cadres to the townships to inspect the relevant relief work, and focused on helping and urging township cadres to do this work well to ensure that this kind of situation will not happen again.

Time flies, prosecutor Jin Bingqi has passed away, and the file of Wang Fool’s freezing death case has been sleeping, and no one has disturbed it.

However, the wheel of history is rolling forward, and every neglected footprint has promoted the pace of social progress. Sixty-four years later, these two yellowed handwritten documents were discovered by Beichen District Procuratorate (changed to Beichen District after the northern suburb) and reported to Tianjin Procuratorate.

Everyone who has read this yellowed handwritten file is amazed. This procuratorial proposal shows the concept of rule of law, humanistic care and legal supervision beyond the times.

According to Min Zhong, director of the People’s Procuratorate Museum, this is a typical case in which procuratorial organs used proposals to correct violations, safeguard the rights and interests of the masses, and safeguard the unified implementation of the Constitution and laws in the 1950s. "In this case, the procuratorial organ investigated the reasons behind Wang Fool’s abnormal death, found out that the relevant departments violated policies and laws in relief work, made a proposal, and urged the relevant departments to perform their duties according to law and improve their work. In 1950s, Tianjin was the largest and most prosperous industrial and commercial city in the north, and the procuratorial system and business construction were also carried out earlier, which gained good experience. This case can be seen. "

Through the wall of time, we can still see a lot of work content about procuratorial suggestions by browsing the website of Beichen District Procuratorate today. In order to serve the overall situation and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, procuratorial suggestions have consistently contributed to procuratorial wisdom.

Then, why did the procuratorate intervene in the incident that Wang Fool died of freezing 64 years ago? What is the legal basis for the Northern Suburb Procuratorate to issue this proposal to the Civil Affairs Section of the Northern Suburb People’s Committee?

Germination: distinctive characteristics of the times

The origin of every legal system stems from the internal social needs, is based on the normative legal text, and is attributed to the practice of legal organs.

In 2019, the 70th anniversary of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), the Supreme People’s Procuratorate Information Office began to mobilize procuratorates at all levels to look for outstanding procuratorial suggestions in the past 70 years. However, the pursuit of history is too difficult.

In the early days of the founding of People’s Republic of China (PRC), except for some preliminary explorations in judicial practice in the revolutionary base areas, the procuratorial work was poor. Luo Ronghuan, the first Procurator-General of the Republic, pointed out at the beginning of his tenure: "The work of the Public Prosecutor’s Office (which was changed into a hospital in 1954) is a brand-new work. First of all, we should formulate an outline of the work organization of the Public Prosecutor’s Office, set up an organization as soon as possible and start work." In this case, drawing lessons from the Soviet procuratorial system, which has similarities in ideology and national conditions, has become the mainstream view.

The historical origin of procuratorial proposal can be traced back to the end of 1954. A document issued by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate stipulated three forms of supervision, namely, proposal, petition and protest. Among them, the proposal is used to put forward corrective opinions to the state organs or departments at the same level.

Looking back on the proposals made in the 1950s, they are all very exploratory, covering a wide range of fields, and have quite distinct characteristics of the times.

For example, on January 27, 1955, the staff of the Procuratorate of Hebei Province went to Dingxian County and heard people complain that "the food supply is insufficient, it is not enough to eat, and the supply standards are different."……",Ding County Procuratorate sent inspector Wang Yunshan to investigate, and put forward a proposal to Ding County Finance Committee in the name of Attorney General Han Linsan and Deputy Attorney General Li Hanzhang and Xue Baoshu. This is in line with the background of the times when it was necessary to ensure the normal operation of people’s production and life in the early days of the founding of the Republic. Its purpose is to ensure the realization of the policy of unified purchase and marketing of grain and to fight against illegal acts that undermine the grain policy.

It is an important duty of procuratorial organs to supervise the relevant organs and state functionaries to act according to law and protect the legitimate rights and interests of the people. Procuratorial organs, in combination with handling cases, will also put forward supervision and correction opinions in the form of proposals for illegal problems found in handling cases.

For example, in March 1956, the procuratorate of Huinong County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region found that rural cadres used their powers to arrest and detain citizens indiscriminately, and issued a proposal to the county people’s committee. The County People’s Committee attached great importance to it, and issued the proposal and the regulations on arrest and detention to the township governments in all districts to correct the illegal acts of rural cadres. This attitude of resolutely fighting against violations of law and discipline has undoubtedly played an important role in consolidating the party’s new political power.

Procuratorial supervision is also an early business area that used the proposal to carry out supervision work, and many provinces have related cases. For example, in 1957, the Procuratorate of Shiquan County, Shaanxi Province sent a proposal to the Public Security Bureau of Shiquan County, which aimed at the outstanding problems in the management of detention centers, such as lax discipline and chaotic management, especially in the protection of human rights, and actively urged rectification.

……

Not only is it rich in content, but also there are some bright spots in the proposal of the 1950s.

Yan Xiaodong, Propaganda Department of Liaoning Provincial Procuratorate, organized the work of searching for procuratorial suggestions in the history of the province, and they unearthed four proposals during the exploration period of socialist construction road in Liaoning Provincial Archives. Compared with the handwritten proposals of grass-roots institutes, the four proposals issued in 1955 and 1956 were printed in type, and three of them were vertical versions, which had a unified format specification. The title of all proposals is "Proposal of the People’s Procuratorate of Liaoning Province", the title is "Proposal to Correct the Reasons for the Illegal Activities of a certain person", and the document number is indicated below. The text details the reasons for the issuance of the proposal and the specific content of the proposal. The text is more than 2,000 words long, ending with "From this to a certain person", and finally the date of issuance and issuance is stamped with the seal of "People’s Procuratorate of Liaoning Province".

A noteworthy detail is that in the two procuratorial suggestions issued by the Liaoning Provincial Procuratorate in 1955, the signatures were directly signed by Attorney General Ruan Tu and Deputy Attorney General Wang Lie. Ruantu and Wang Lie were both old revolutionaries who joined the Party in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the Liberation War in the late 1930s. As the first and second leaders of the procuratorial organs in Liaoning Province at that time, they were able to directly sign and issue proposals, which shows the importance attached to this work at that time.

Touch these signatures and cross a tunnel. In 2018, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate sent the "No.1 Procuratorial Proposal" to the Ministry of Education for the first time, which aroused great concern in the society and opened a new period in the development history of prosecutorial suggestions.

Perhaps, history always confirms each other inadvertently. The so-called "Do not forget your initiative mind" has never been an empty talk, but has been deeply imprinted in the bone marrow veins of prosecutors from generation to generation.

Dust-laden: twists and turns in special times

From 1955 to the first half of 1957, the procuratorial system in New China flourished.

Min Zhong told reporters: "In the procuratorial work in the 1950s, proposals and petitions were widely used. For example, in the first half of 1956, the People’s Procuratorate of Shaanxi Province issued 371 proposals, 300 petitions and 107 reports to the Party Committee. Applicable situations include cases in which industrial and mining enterprises and capital construction units violate labor laws and operating rules, cases in which agricultural cooperatives violate agricultural demonstration articles of association, cases in which forest protection laws and farm animals are protected, cases in which public-private joint ventures violate tax laws and capitalist transformation policies, and cases in which cadres violate laws and regulations. "

"Proposals and petitions constitute the predecessor of today’s procuratorial suggestions on social governance, and proposals and petitions for correcting illegal activities in criminal investigation activities and labor reform work constitute the predecessor of today’s procuratorial suggestions for correcting illegal activities." Min Zhong concluded.

"Since the second half of 1957, under the guidance of’ Left’ ideology and legal nihilism, the development of procuratorial organs has been tortuous." "When the well-known catastrophe came, the procuratorial organs were revoked and the personnel were dismissed, and the procuratorial work, including the proposal, completely lost its soil and space." Liu Zhong told reporters.

"The development of anything is not smooth sailing." This famous saying of Marxism-Leninism has been verified in the development history of procuratorial suggestions.

Restart: How can we just sit on the sidelines?

Proposal No.3 of Cangxian Procuratorate in Hebei Province describes a surprising rape case.

On the evening of April 11th, 1986, Guo Fengqin, a woman, plugged in the door and went to bed early because of power failure in Tuncun village, Li Long. At about 10 o’clock, she suddenly heard a noise at the outside door in the gloom, and then a black shadow jumped into the back room and came at her. At this point, she was ready to "fight" ideologically. When the gangster just jumped down, she fought with the gangster.……The next day, according to the physical characteristics provided by Guo Fengqin, the public security organs caught the criminal suspect "Black Hammer". He learned that Guo’s husband had gone out and didn’t come home, which gave birth to evil thoughts. As a result, he attempted rape and fell into the French Open.

What is intriguing is that the description of the case process in this proposal is very vivid, and the part of the proposal seems to be chatting with ordinary people:

A peasant woman can resist the attack of a middle-aged strong man. Why did Guo Fengqin defeat the rapist?

We believe that there are several main reasons: First, when the gangsters came at her, she didn’t panic, didn’t fear, and dared to fight to the death. This makes up for the lack of physical strength and makes the attempt to commit a crime unsuccessful. Secondly, she skillfully used psychological tactics, that is, while fighting gangsters, she called for help, which not only attracted the attention of the surrounding areas and obtained support, but also posed a certain psychological threat to criminals. Because any crime is guilty and timid, afraid of the masses. Third, she dared to attack the deadly parts of the enemy decisively in the case of insufficient physical strength and unfavorable situation, and turned defeat into victory.

In order to further improve the consciousness of the broad masses of women comrades in fighting criminals, more powerful people have emerged to defeat criminals. We suggest that:

First, we should widely publicize the typical case of Guo Fengqin. Vigorously advocate the tenacious spirit of fighting criminals, and the majority of women learn to use legal weapons to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests, self-esteem, and strive to be the strong one to defeat criminals.

Two, to enable the majority of women to master some basic knowledge of defense and know how to defend against the weak links of criminals.……

Third, it is necessary to educate women to enhance their sense of social responsibility. Once they are bullied or infringed, they should report the case in time and actively assist the political and legal departments in catching criminals.……

Fourth, extensive legal education should be conducted on Women’s Day, so that women can understand that when public interests, personal and other rights of themselves or others are illegally violated, it is a legitimate right given to citizens by the Constitution to prevent, resist and fight back defensively. Only by actively fighting criminals can we be respected and respected by society.

This vivid and well-founded narrative style is not only a procuratorial proposal, but also a propaganda book on the rule of law. What is even more amazing is that the spirit of "the law can’t give in to lawlessness" reflected in the analysis of the causes of the case in the proposal and the concept of "encouraging citizens to defend themselves" highlighted in the proposal are completely consistent with the rule of law concept of activating the legitimate defense system in recent years.

How can the procuratorial proposal be reborn and release such fresh vitality?

"After the restoration and reconstruction of procuratorial organs in 1978, in order to realize the practical needs of comprehensive management of social security in cracking down on criminal cases that seriously endanger social security and economic crimes that undermine the socialist economic order, procuratorial organs began to use the form of procuratorial suggestions to put forward suggestions for improvement on the problems existing in the implementation of policies, laws, rules and regulations of the case-making units, plug loopholes and prevent the occurrence of illegal and criminal acts." Min Zhong introduced.

In fact, after ten years of turmoil, people’s desire for rational rules and stable order made the rule of law become an important way of comprehensive social governance again. Chen Guoqing, Deputy Procurator-General of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, once talked about the background and value of the rebirth of procuratorial suggestions in his paper: "In 1981, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the policy of comprehensive management of social security, requiring local party committees, governments and judicial organs to take political, legal, economic, administrative and educational comprehensive measures to prevent and reduce the occurrence of crimes. Procuratorial suggestions are one of the important measures. "

Under such circumstances, on December 6, 1982, Huang Huoqing, the third procurator-general of the Republic, made a report on the Supreme People’s Procuratorate’s work at the fifth plenary session of the Fifth National People’s Congress, saying:

In the process of rectifying social order, many grass-roots procuratorates have also cooperated with public security and judicial departments to strengthen grass-roots organizations and work, and supported the broad masses of cadres and people in their struggle against illegal crimes. Moreover, extensive publicity on the legal system has been carried out to help the masses establish public security conventions and village rules and regulations, so that cadres and the masses can consciously abide by state laws and social ethics. Procuratorial organs at all levels have also handled cases, made timely suggestions on the loopholes in the management of some organs, enterprises and institutions, and helped the case-causing units to take measures, improve the system and strengthen management, which has played a certain role in preventing illegal crimes.

This is the first time that the procuratorial proposal has been written into the work report of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate and submitted to the highest organ of state power.

After retiring for many years, the Procurator-General of Huang Huoqing once wrote a poem: "The communist ideal has been sworn, so how can we just sit on the sidelines?" This is the values of the older generation of prosecutors, and it is also the original intention of the procuratorial suggestions to be reborn. When we find problems in handling cases, we should point them out. We cannot and should not turn a blind eye and keep silent.

In 1983, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate issued a document stipulating the basic format of procuratorial suggestions, indicating that the application of procuratorial suggestions at that time was quite common and needed unified norms.

Wang Guiwu, a pioneer of procuratorial theory, pointed out in his book On Procuration that "procuratorial suggestions have achieved good social effects and promoted the’ comprehensive management’ of social security, which has been widely recognized and praised by the society and attracted the attention of state power organs."

Chen Pixian, then vice chairman of the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), pointed out in the report of the National Political and Legal Conference on January 21, 1985: "Procuratorates and courts should find problems in the work and system of relevant units through handling cases, actively put forward judicial suggestions, promote rectification, improve the system and plug loopholes. For units that do not pay attention to judicial advice, some should use public opinion to criticize and cause serious consequences, and the relevant leaders should be held accountable. " Some local people’s congresses have even formulated local legal documents to strengthen procuratorial suggestions. For example, in 1985, the First People’s Congress of Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province issued the Decision on Attaching Importance to the Role of Procuratorial and Judicial Suggestions, requiring relevant departments to give a written reply to procuratorial suggestions within one month.

From then on to 2002, procuratorial suggestions entered a relatively stable development period and quietly entered the category of social governance.

Development: It comes from individual cases and returns to the public interest.

In the whole development history of procuratorial suggestions, there is always a question: government departments and social institutions have their own duties, why do you have more suggestions from procuratorial organs?

It comes from individual cases and returns to the public interest, which is one of the answers that can be summarized by looking at the procuratorial proposals from the end of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century.

Procuratorial organs, when performing the function of legal supervision, especially when prosecutors examine and prosecute cases, can deeply understand various gray or even black areas of society and their hidden rules, and can put forward rectification suggestions to the crime unit and relevant departments accordingly. Therefore, for quite some time, procuratorial suggestions were regarded as an expansion of procuratorial functions, and the problems found in handling cases were promptly fed back and informed to relevant government departments and social institutions.

For example, Wang Guiwu, an expert in procuratorial theory, thinks: "Because of the combination of handling cases and procuratorial suggestions, the energy of handling cases has been spread to all aspects within our power, and the social and political effects of handling cases have been brought into full play, which has found a good way to overcome the work style of handling cases in isolation."

Learning from the past, the role of procuratorial organs has also been recognized by the central authorities. For example, in August, 1998, the Central Committee for Comprehensive Management of Social Security "Notice on the Responsibilities and Tasks of Member Units Participating in Comprehensive Management" will put forward suggestions on crime prevention in combination with "analyzing and mastering the characteristics of duty crimes, economic crimes and other criminal crimes in various periods and industries"; Promote relevant departments to establish and improve rules and regulations, plug loopholes, and improve preventive mechanisms "as a task to deploy and arrange for procuratorial organs.

"Procuratorial suggestions are rooted in the judicial functions of procuratorial organs, and the contents involved are of public interest and produced through legal procedures. They are serious and authoritative and should be effective in a wider range of fields." Zhang Jianwei, a professor at Tsinghua University Law School, said in an interview.

Under the background of China’s rapid economic development and social development, this kind of observation and suggestion from the perspective of procuratorial work not only has long-term focus areas, but also shows distinct characteristics of keeping pace with the times.

One: escort economic development

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, "taking economic construction as the center" has penetrated into every corner of social life. China’s economy is always running in the fast lane, and people’s desire for material and money is unprecedented, but various social management systems are still being established.

Since 1980s, there have been more and more criminal cases related to economic development, such as tax evasion and major liability accidents, and there are often loopholes in the system behind extreme criminal cases.

For example, in 1988, when handling a tax evasion case, the Procuratorate of Kunming City, Yunnan Province found that the local policy was inconsistent with the national policy, so it asked the provincial and municipal tax bureaus to clearly explain the procuratorial suggestions on the demarcation of the policy of levying or exempting construction tax in sanatoriums. In the view of the Yunnan Provincial Procuratorate, "this expansion from case prevention to advising tax authorities to clean up similar phenomena is a typical case of maintaining the unity of the national legal system. The procuratorial suggestions are fluent, detailed, reasoned and accurate, fully demonstrating the value of legal supervision by procuratorial organs in the overall situation of social governance."

Major liability accident is a concern of many procuratorates.

For example, in 1986, a fire broke out in Tangqiao Theater in Shazhou County, Jiangsu Province. After the case, Shazhou County Procuratorate (the predecessor of Zhangjiagang Procuratorate) issued procuratorial suggestions to Tangqiao Township Government, electrical installation team and theater.

In 1995, a "5.13" catastrophic fire accident occurred in the timber storage plant of Ganhe Forestry Company in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. After the investigation of the case ended, the Oroqen Autonomous Banner Procuratorate issued a procuratorial proposal, suggesting that Ganhe Forestry Company should give disciplinary sanctions to eight people respectively.

On December 23, 2003, a serious blowout accident occurred in Luojia 16H well in Kaixian County (now Kaizhou District), Chongqing, which killed 243 people, injured more than 4,000 people, and evacuated nearly 100,000 people in the disaster area overnight, causing huge economic losses to the country. On the basis of investigating and dealing with related crimes according to law, Chongqing Procuratorate put forward suggestions to Sichuan Petroleum Administration Bureau, the competent authority, such as further enhancing safety awareness, improving various rules and regulations, and strengthening the qualification examination and training assessment of technicians.

……

Looking through the original text of these procuratorial suggestions, the reporter found that there were not only issues, but also feedback. For example, after receiving the procuratorial suggestions, Sichuan Petroleum Administration Bureau organized the theme safety education activities in time, cleared out more than 200 standards, systems and norms that did not meet the needs of the development situation, revised and improved 30 systems and norms, and conducted training for front-line staff.

The person in charge of the Legal and Policy Research Office of the Supreme People’s Procuratorate believes that the procuratorial organs’ high attention to major liability accidents reflects that "putting people’s lives and property safety first" is not an empty talk. The procuratorial organs not only punish crimes, but also strive to prevent crimes and reduce the occurrence of safety liability accidents.

Second: Prevention of duty crimes

On September 12, 1987, People’s Daily published a communication report entitled "The Arrest of Jiang Zhengguo, a Great Corrupt Person".

Jiang Zhengguo is the chief of the Finance Department of Wujin County (now Wujin District) Fertilizer Plant in Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province. He used more than 20 methods, such as falsely listing special funds and special project expenditures, falsely increasing bank deposits and expenditures, falsely reducing bank deposit income and altering forged bills, to commit more than 200 crimes, and the amount of corruption was nearly 1.3 million yuan, which was a figure that shocked the whole country 30 years ago.

When Wujin County Procuratorate handled the case, it issued a procuratorial suggestion to Wujin Fertilizer Plant, suggesting that the plant establish relevant rules and regulations to plug the criminal loopholes. It is worth mentioning that the reporter found that the original file of this procuratorial proposal includes not only the original proposal, but also the 20 pages related to the subsequent whole chapter establishment process.

In the 1980s and 1990s, corruption gradually became the focus of society, and procuratorial suggestions became an important starting point for the prevention of duty crimes by procuratorial organs.

In particular, on October 30, 1992, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate issued the Notice on Strengthening the Prevention of Corruption and Bribery Crimes, demanding that "in combination with handling cases, targeted procuratorial suggestions be put forward to help the crime-causing units sum up experiences and lessons, improve management and strengthen prevention, especially to take measures to promote the establishment of an effective restraint mechanism for preventing corruption and bribery crimes in law enforcement departments and positions that directly control people, money and materials".

In this context, at that time, procuratorial organs all over the country attached great importance to feeding back the problems found in handling corruption cases to the case-issuing units in the form of procuratorial suggestions.

For example, in 2012, the First Branch of Beijing Procuratorate first issued a procuratorial suggestion to the Ministry of Health on the problems found in the process of handling the bribery case of Zhang Minyuan, former deputy director of the Personnel Department of the Ministry of Health. The Ministry of Health attached great importance to this, and three ministerial leaders of the Ministry of Health at that time gave special instructions on this procuratorial suggestion. In the same period, the hospital also issued similar case procuratorial suggestions to the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on the problems found in eight cases involving job-related crimes in the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, such as Yuxin Liu, deputy director of the Department of Construction Market Supervision of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and put forward rectification suggestions on the problems existing in business management, industry management, cadre management and work style construction, especially the qualification certification of construction enterprises.

Third: Keep an eye on the safety of the supervision place.

Life in the "big wall" has always been very mysterious to the general public. For prison prosecutors, this is their daily battlefield, and everything needs to be transparent and open. In order to supervise the safety of places, they even have to adopt the tactics of "urgent marking", and the content of "marking" is varied.

As small as what prisoners eat. For example, in 1992, the Xinhua District Procuratorate in Yichun, Jiangxi Province found that there were loopholes and hidden dangers in the management of financial files and canteen procurement in the fourth reform-through-labour detachment of Jiangxi Province when handling the corruption case of Zhang Shaohong, the cashier of the fourth reform-through-labour detachment of Jiangxi Province, so it issued a comprehensive management procuratorial proposal to the detachment to strengthen the management of financial files and material procurement and to transfer the parties involved in the case from their financial posts. The proposal was personally signed by Zhou Xiaolin, then the chief procurator of the hospital, and Yuan Jiali, the detachment leader of the Fourth Reform-through-Labor Detachment of Jiangxi Province, personally signed the reply.

It involves the safety of prisons and other places of supervision. For example, at the beginning of 2014, the procurator of the supervision office of Luzhai District Procuratorate in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region found in the supervision and inspection of the daily supervision activities of the supervision places that prisoners in individual prison areas of Guizhong Prison carried their mobile phones into the prison through migrant workers outside the prison. After investigation and verification, the Luzhai District Procuratorate issued procuratorial suggestions to Guizhong Prison in combination with two cases of joint corruption of prison staff and prisoners handled by the hospital in 2013. After the procuratorial suggestion was issued, Guizhong Prison quickly carried out a major investigation of potential safety hazards, timely "filled in leaks", improved the regulations on the management of foreign personnel, strengthened the supervision of detainees, strengthened the duty education and preventive education for prison staff, and ensured the safety of prison supervision places.

Fourth: Respond to the examination questions of the times and pay attention to the new economic form.

In 1999, Ma Huateng began to launch QQ chat software. In 2003, Ma Yun established Taobao. In 2013, Meituan’s takeaway brother was born. In 2018, China’s express delivery industry exceeded 50 billion.……In the first 20 years of the new century, the Internet swept through every detail of China people’s lives with lightning speed, and the new economic form with the Internet as the carrier constantly tested the country’s economic management and social governance level.

How do procuratorial organs respond to the examination questions of the times?

In 2014, the Procuratorate of Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province found that criminal cases involving guns and explosions, selling fake and inferior products, selling drugs and so on, which were derived from the regulatory defects of express logistics industry, increased year by year, and the possibility of using express logistics as a transportation channel for terror tools was rising.

The institute sent procuratorial suggestions on social governance to seven units, including local logistics office and e-commerce office, assisted the Party committee and government to set up the Postal Administration, the first express logistics supervision department in county-level cities in China, and urged the gradual establishment of a strict inspection system for express delivery and real-name registration system. Relevant suggestions were absorbed by the Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of Public Security Prevention and Control System issued by the State Council of China, and were transformed into 100% express delivery inspection, express delivery real-name registration system and X-ray machine security inspection system, which played an important role in G20 Summit and world internet conference security work.

The new economic model also has an important impact on the judiciary itself, such as electronic evidence. At the beginning of 2018, the Procuratorate of Jinshan District of Shanghai carried out special inspections on cases involving electronic evidence transferred by public security organs in the district in the past two years, sorted out and analyzed the problems existing in the collection, extraction, transfer and display of electronic evidence, and made a list of problems, combing more than 30 problems in five categories in combination with specific cases. For the problems found, we will analyze the causes of the problems together with the Legislative Affairs Office of the District Public Security Bureau, and jointly study the solutions. On this basis, we will put forward feasible and operational solutions.

Predictably, in the context of the Internet, the emerging process of new economic forms is bound to be accompanied by various problems, and procuratorial suggestions can also reflect more of their own value.

Fifth: Pay attention to minors.

On February 4th, 2015, the first civil affairs department in China applied to revoke the judgment of the custody case, thus the concept of national custody of minors was the first in judicial practice, and it was a procuratorial suggestion from the tongshan district Procuratorate in Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province that promoted this case.

It turned out that the tongshan district Procuratorate accepted a rape case in 2013. A little girl under the age of ten was sexually assaulted, molested and beaten by her biological father.……In the end, the court sentenced the father to 11 years in prison for rape and deprived him of political rights for one year. Zhang Hong, the case handler, was thinking: "Can the law only do this? This problem has always been like a stone in my heart. " On January 5, 2015, tongshan district Procuratorate issued a procuratorial proposal to the District Civil Affairs Bureau, suggesting that the District Civil Affairs Bureau, as the applicant, file a lawsuit to the court to revoke the custody of the little girl’s parents. Two days later, the District Civil Affairs Bureau filed a complaint with the District Court, applying to revoke the custody of her parents according to law and appoint another suitable guardian.

This case successfully activated the "zombie clause" of revoking custody, and was written into the white paper "Progress of Human Rights in China in 2014" by the State Council Information Office. It was successively awarded the Top Ten Cases of Judicial Protection of Minors in China and the Top Ten Cases of Protecting the Rights and Interests of Women and Children in China according to law, which was called a "milestone" event in the process of protecting minors in China.

In fact, the protection of minors’ rights and interests has always been an important part of the work of criminal prosecution departments, and many typical representatives such as "unchecked sisters" and "unchecked mothers" have emerged. Before the Supreme People’s Procuratorate set up a separate juvenile procuratorate office, many grass-roots procuratorates tried to set up a "juvenile crime handling team" in the public prosecution department to judge the phenomenon of juvenile crime.

For example, when the Procuratorate of Ding ‘an County of Hainan Province handled a criminal case of 11 evil gangs headed by Du Moumou, the unchecked department found that the suspects in the case were all teenagers born after 1990 and 00 except Du Moumou, and 8 of them were under 18 years old when they committed the crime. The procuratorate made a statistical analysis of juvenile delinquency in Ding ‘an County since 2017, and issued procuratorial suggestions to the Education Bureau of Ding ‘an County, in order to comprehensively improve the legal awareness of primary and secondary school students in Ding ‘an County, strengthen campus safety and prevent juvenile delinquency.

Sixthly: incarnate as a public interest spokesman.

In the procuratorial system, to measure the success of a case, prosecutors usually have a mantra: to achieve "organic unity of political effect, legal effect and social effect."

Where is the social effect? Who will judge? The answer is only the masses. The judgment of the masses has never been based on "mouth", but on the details of life in food, clothing, housing and transportation.

There are thousands of roads, and safety comes first. In 2014, the Procuratorate of Taoshan District, qitaihe city City, Heilongjiang Province, found that among the drug addicts who were being forcibly isolated by the Anti-drug Detachment of the Municipal Public Security Bureau according to law, three of them held the motor vehicle driver’s license issued by the traffic police detachment of the Municipal Public Security Bureau but did not cancel it, and then issued a procuratorial proposal to the traffic police detachment of the qitaihe city Public Security Bureau, suggesting to perform the administrative duty of canceling the driver’s license of "three types of drug addicts". In 2015, the case was rated as a top-quality civil administrative procuratorial case by the national procuratorial organs. The procuratorial organs eliminated the hidden danger of "drug driving" by carrying out administrative law enforcement supervision, which provided a strong guarantee for the people to create a safe road traffic environment.

Health is the well-being of the people. In 2014, the Chongqing Municipal Procuratorate comprehensively summarized 107 cases of crimes endangering drug safety prosecuted by the city’s procuratorial organs from January 2012 to December 2013, issued procuratorial suggestions to the Chongqing Food and Drug Administration, and deeply analyzed the purchase and sale of counterfeit drugs in different places through mail order, telephone, television, online shopping and other channels, and provided cover for the sale of counterfeit drugs by contracting hospital departments, calling pharmaceutical companies, renting counters of chain pharmacies, etc. In rural areas, pharmacies and traveling doctors produce and sell counterfeit drugs and pass health care products off as drugs, which endanger drug safety. Four specific suggestions are put forward, such as strengthening daily supervision, strengthening rural drug supervision, doing a good job in special rectification and strengthening supervision capacity building.

Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. In 2018, the central government’s "Special Supervision on Environmental Protection of Urban Black and Odor Water Remediation" work, the Shanghai Chongming District Procuratorate found that three township governments in this district failed to perform their duties in river management, and 10 rivers in the three towns were seriously polluted by oil and black water. The indicators such as ammonia nitrogen, dissolved oxygen and transparency in water bodies were obviously not up to standard, and social public interests continued to be infringed. Chongming District Court initiated public interest litigation procedures according to law and established the "8.06" black and odorous river handling group. The procurator-general will lead the public interest litigation procurator to find out the responsibilities of villages and towns in river regulation in time, determine the main body of performing their duties, carry out related work, and make pre-litigation procuratorial suggestions to the three towns. Supervise the administrative organs to perform their duties by means of pre-litigation procuratorial suggestions, and promote the ecological environment management of the Yangtze River.

One by one, in the past two years, from ecological environment protection to food and drug safety, cultural heritage and national dignity protection, people’s food, clothing, housing and transportation have become the business areas of procuratorial organs.

Broadening: the "legal dividend" of realization

From the above types of development of procuratorial suggestions, it can be found that the contents of traditional procuratorial suggestions are mostly to prevent illegal crimes and remind relevant departments to strengthen the whole chapter system in handling criminal cases. The cases after 2010 involve a much broader scope.

In fact, although procuratorial suggestions were established as a way of civil and administrative litigation supervision in the Rules for Handling Civil Administrative Protest Cases of People’s Procuratorates promulgated by the Supreme People’s Procuratorate in 2001, they are always in a cautious exploration state because of the lack of national legal support.

This situation was completely changed in 2012.

The revised Civil Procedure Law in 2012 formally defined "procuratorial suggestions" as a statutory supervision method, which means that the supervision form of procuratorial suggestions in civil litigation supervision has changed from practical exploration to legal system. In terms of data performance, the number of civil procuratorial suggestions has exploded since 2013. In that year, the national procuratorial organs issued 64,351 civil procuratorial suggestions, compared with 36,531 criminal procuratorial suggestions and 4,636 administrative procuratorial suggestions in the same year.

In June 2017, the newly revised Administrative Procedure Law established the important position of procuratorial suggestions in administrative public interest litigation, which marked that procuratorial suggestions ushered in a new development opportunity. The number of administrative procuratorial suggestions has increased explosively from 3,167 in 2016 to 35,923 in 2017, the highest in the past years. In 2018, procuratorial suggestions before administrative public interest litigation began to be counted separately, reaching 23,356 in that year and 103,076 in 2019.

Looking at the leopard in the tube, the data speaks, and the improvement of the legal system in the fields of civil, administrative and public interest litigation brings the "legal dividend" to the development of procuratorial suggestions, which is amazing. Since then, procuratorial suggestions have been widely expanded in the application field, ending the history of "walking on one leg". In 2018, more than 250,000 procuratorial suggestions were issued nationwide, almost twice as many as in 2017, and the number of criminal, civil and administrative procuratorial suggestions was almost equal.

2020, a new historical intersection. Standing on the new era coordinates, procuratorial organs thoroughly implement the supreme leader’s thought of rule of law, give full play to the function of legal supervision, cast their vision into a broader space, discover more plasticity and possibility of procuratorial suggestions, and bring more "legal dividends" to the broader people.

(Reporter Zhang Yu of Fiona Fang)

　　CCTV News:Every year before the Spring Festival, it is the peak season for all kinds of express delivery. Since Spring Festival travel rush started on January 7th, the daily postal express delivery volume has been over 300 million pieces, with a peak of over 400 million pieces. What changes have been made to the express delivery capacity that will be tight in previous years? Can the express delivery business be guaranteed during the holidays? Is the way home by express delivery smooth?

　　At 6: 30 in the morning, at this express outlet in Zhongguancun, the person in charge, Lei Liping, simply said a few words, and the express buddy immediately threw himself into the sorting work.

　　As the nearest express terminal service point to customers, from 4: 00 in the morning, there are trucks coming into the field one after another, and express parcels sent from all over the country to nearby areas are pulled from the transit point. The express parcels waiting to be sorted and delivered quickly piled up a hill.

　　"hurry up! Hurry up! " This is the word that reporters hear the most frequently at the scene. Lei Liping told reporters that near the Spring Festival, the peak of express delivery has been ushered in recent days. Because most of them are fresh food, gifts and other new year’s goods, in order to ensure the timeliness, the express delivered from all over the country in the morning should be delivered to customers before noon. Nearly 50 courier brothers in this outlet have to arrive at their posts before 6: 30 in the morning, and breakfast can only be solved.

　　Less than 8 o’clock, the five express parcels sent in the morning have been sorted.

　　Go all out to ensure the express delivery "Spring Festival travel rush", the grass-roots outlets at the end of delivery operate efficiently, and the circulation at the end is smooth. Then, what is the transition in express delivery with a wider business scope?

　　The reporter saw in a courier transfer near the Capital Airport that dozens of unloading ports were full of trucks. On the other hand, there are long queues of vehicles waiting for unloading.

　　Handling 600,000 peak packages per day is definitely not possible by manpower alone. The reporter saw at the scene that the automatic sorting equipment helped a lot. After unloading, these parcels were transported to the automatic sorting machine, and more than 600 sorting ports could be automatically divided into different parcel bags according to the area codes on the face sheet.

　　Save enough cars and people. In order to cope with the peak of express delivery during the Spring Festival, recently, many express delivery companies have proposed "no fighting during the Spring Festival" to ensure the smooth flow of express logistics.

　　In Beijing Xinfadi Fruit Wholesale Market, Wei Dongwen, who is in charge of contacting the truck service for merchants, asked about the shipment of merchants and contacted the truck by phone.

　　Wei Dongwen told reporters that people have been going home for the New Year these days, but they have also left enough manpower to ensure the delivery needs of customers. During the Spring Festival, there are still many courier brothers who are ready to stick to their posts to ensure that the courier service during the festival is not interrupted.

　　Shi Jianting and Zhang Huanrong, couples from Linfen, Shanxi, have stayed at the delivery line for four consecutive Spring Festival. The couple planned that after the 14th day of the first month, the list was running out, and they would go home at the wrong peak.

　　The reporter learned in the interview that a number of measures have been introduced in various places to actively respond to the express delivery demand during the holiday season. Some express delivery companies start the "night delivery" mode, extend the delivery time at night, and give priority to timely delivery of drugs, epidemic prevention materials and food. Jiangsu issued 35 million yuan of government subsidies for the postal express delivery industry to stabilize and return to work, helping the postal express delivery industry to accelerate its recovery. In Luzhou, Sichuan, the bus driver undertakes the task of delivering the express delivery. After receiving the express delivery from the postal transport vehicle, the bus driver sorts and delivers the express delivery to the Jintong Post Express Station in each village to get through the "last mile" of the parcel entering the village.

　 　　

(This article was first published in "Movie Rising Potential", welcome WeChat to search filmmore for attention)　 　　

　 　 　Special feature of 1905 film network　Last weekend, two Hollywood sequels released at the same time, and are simply a pair of he is my brother, both of which have lost their reputation, and the forced implantation of China elements has also been criticized too hard. In "The Rogues 2", Jay Chou did not sing well. On the other hand, the pilot Baby insisted on not hitting the plane with soy sauce, but only opened the honey smile JPG format all the way. You can’t tell the difference between crying and laughing.

In Independence Day 2, the Baby’s smile is charming, but the opening method seems to be JPG.

　 　 In addition to simultaneous appearances in Hollywood blockbusters, another big thing that Jay Chou and Baby have in common is that they both signed a Hollywood brokerage company this year. The difference is that Jay Chou and Hannah Quinlivan joined the Hollywood brokerage "boss" — — CAA。 Baby chose the third UTA.

　 　 In fact, as far away as Gong Li and Chow Yun Fat, as close as Fan Ye and Li Bingbing, China, the "international norm" superstars, have made their debut in many blockbusters and co-productions under the operation of American brokerage companies. Although the vase has passed, the soy sauce has passed, the street has passed, and the thunder has passed, the good Hollywood brokerage company behind them has made great contributions in leading China films and filmmakers to "go global".

　

　 　 Below, Zi Shijun will explain in detail what magic weapons Hollywood brokerage companies have, what they have done in China in the past ten years, and where is the development path of China performing arts brokerage?

[How do Hollywood entertainment brokers play? Here are 5 TIPS]

　 　 In Hollywood, which is famous for its freedom and leisure, there are a group of people who are always in suits and ties, and they are the star agents in Hollywood.

　

　 　 In the Hollywood film industry, where specialization and fine division of labor have reached the extreme, everyone has their own duties, so it is necessary for intermediaries to connect all the links in series. Left-handed art and right-handed money, brokerage companies are indispensable adhesives and lubricants for the operation of Hollywood system. Lucia, UTA’s assistant broker, once said, "In Hollywood, everyone knows that the brokerage company is the core of the entertainment industry."

　

　 　 When it comes to Hollywood brokerage companies, we have to mention the "Big Four", CAA, WME, UTA and ICM. Among them, CAA is a well-deserved brother. It is said that more than 70% of Hollywood popular stars have brokerage contracts with CAA, and the total number of customers is about 5,000. Nearly half of the global box office comes from films directed by CAA directors.

CAA Los Angeles Headquarters, the legendary "Death Star"

　 　 CAA’s headquarters in Los Angeles is nicknamed "Death Star" by the American media, which is taken from and stands for being powerful and invincible. Some people even say that there are only two kinds of people in Hollywood, CAA people and others.

　

　 　 WME’s predecessor WMA is the oldest brokerage company in Hollywood, which was founded in 1898. Hit by CAA in the middle, it was never recovered. However, since the merger with the rising star Endeavor (one of the top five brokerage companies) in 2009, and then the acquisition of IMG in 2013, this old brokerage company has a second spring.

　

　 　 The other two giants, UTA and ICM, although their stalls are not as big as the first two, each has its own advantages. Please see the figure below for the strength comparison of the four Hollywood brokers.

Next page: Tips 1: Not a nanny, but a partner.

　　At the age of 30, Serina Liu became the head of a research team at the Institute of Neuroscience, China Academy of Sciences.

　　It is the dream of young people doing scientific research to set up their own research groups. Serina Liu himself had never thought that this day would come so quickly.

　　In 2018, the news that the world’s first somatic cloned monkey was born in the Institute of Neurology, Chinese Academy of Sciences was released, which was one of the most remarkable developments in the global scientific community that year. Behind this major breakthrough is a young team of "Dr. Tu", and Liu is really one of them.

　　Serina Liu stood out from the crowd thanks to the innovative mechanism and system of Institute of Neurology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. After years of follow-up interviews with the Institute of Neurology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the reporter found that the best scientific research soil is accumulating here. After 20 years of exploring the reform of scientific research system, this young research institute is moving towards the ideal of becoming the world’s top scientific research institution. Aiming at the forefront of the world’s science and technology, a lean and efficient research team is marching forward bravely, striving to lead and promote the upgrading of strategic industries with major breakthroughs in basic scientific research, and make contributions to building an innovative country and building a world science and technology power.

　　To grow up "lining", not talent "hat"

　　In 2010, Serina Liu was admitted to the Institute of Neurology of Chinese Academy of Sciences from Shandong Normal University to study for a master’s degree, and joined the macaque platform hosted by her tutor Sun Qiang. In 2016, Dr. Serina Liu graduated and published a research paper on genetically modified monkeys with autism in the top international academic magazine Nature. With his academic achievements during his doctoral period, there is no problem in applying for top foreign laboratories. Serina Liu finally decided to stay and continue his postdoctoral research in the institute.

　　Go to a good foreign laboratory as a postdoctoral researcher, and after publishing one or two good articles, apply to return to China to be a "thousand young people" — — This is the ideal growth track for most doctors in the field of life sciences after graduation. Moreover, with the "hat" of talents, the support of research funds, preferential policies for settling down and so on can follow. However, if you choose to go abroad, most of you can’t continue the project of "making cloned monkeys", and you can only do "short, flat and fast" projects in other directions.

　　The purpose of Serina Liu’s stay is to continue to work on making monkey models of brain diseases. He knows that this is the breakthrough direction of the key layout of the Institute of Neurology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and he is eager to join in it. One of the main reasons why most brain diseases can’t be effectively treated is that the current mouse model for developing drugs is far from that of humans, and most of the drugs developed are ineffective or have side effects when tested in humans. The production of disease model monkeys will bring unprecedented bright prospects for the mechanism research, intervention, diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases.

　　Muming Poo, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of the Institute of Neurology, also convinced Serina Liu that only by breaking through the somatic cell cloning technology of nonhuman primates can we truly solve a series of shortcomings faced by macaques as experimental animals, establish a competitive advantage in brain science research in China and become an international leader.

　　"The domestic scientific research conditions are different, and the state pays more attention to personnel training. It is an inevitable trend to make more and more world-leading achievements in China." Serina Liu said, "In my opinion, no place can provide me with better opportunities and support than the nerve center."

　　"For a young scientific research talent who gives up studying abroad and is willing to stay at home to challenge major scientific problems, if the challenge fails, can we correctly evaluate his ability and let him still have a good development prospect?" When Sun Qiang led the team led by Serina Liu to experience numerous failures and achieved the first major breakthrough in the world’s somatic cloning of monkeys, Muming Poo raised a question worth pondering.

　　In July 2018, more than eight months after the birth of the cloned monkey, Serina Liu left the station early after only one year of postdoctoral work in the Institute of Neurology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and was officially hired as a researcher and became a research team leader of the Institute of Neurology.

　　In the past year, Serina Liu has obtained the same research start-up funds and operation funds as other researchers in the institute. His laboratory is 130 square meters, equipped with five employees, and recruits one or two students every year. "This is enough for a research group that has just started." Serina Liu said that he intends to complete the optimization and efficiency improvement of somatic cloning monkey technology in three to five years, and at the same time, open some interesting topics step by step, such as the neurobiological mechanism of puberty initiation in primates.

　　Serina Liu’s growth trajectory is just one of the cases in which the nervous system does not take the usual path and innovates the system and mechanism.

　　Speak by skill, not by title.

　　"The research team leader recruited by the Institute of Neurology only looks at whether there is a good job, not whether there is experience in studying abroad." When Serina Liu hesitated to go abroad, Muming Poo’s words reassured him.

　　This is not an exception, but a performance-centered talent use and evaluation system that the Institute of Neurology has been insisting on for many years.

　　In 1998, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council made a major decision to build a national innovation system, and decided that the Chinese Academy of Sciences would launch a pilot project of knowledge innovation. As one of the important strategic arrangements of the pilot project, Chinese Academy of Sciences established the Institute of Neuroscience in November 1999, with Muming Poo as its director. At that time, the situation could be called "being ordered at a critical moment", and Muming Poo became the first foreign director of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

　　"Only by establishing a brand-new institute of modern scientific research system and using a new system and mechanism can we attract talents." At the beginning of its establishment, Muming Poo made up his mind to innovate the operation and management of scientific research institutes and vigorously reform the traditional scientific research evaluation and incentive system. His goal is to establish a top scientific research institution which is recognized by international peers and whose operation mode can be replicated and popularized in China.

　　Since 2003, the Institute of Neurology has taken the lead in introducing an international scientific research evaluation system among national scientific research institutes. Here, heroes don’t ask the source, talents don’t have the distinction of "foreign soil", and researchers should speak by skill, not by title. Even well-known experts should abide by the strict assessment requirements of the institute, and even without a diploma, they can be hired as deputy senior professional and technical posts. All work is to create a good ecological environment for scientific and technological innovation.

　　When receiving the olive branch from the nerve, Sun Qiang was still a little-known university lecturer. He graduated from Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities with no overseas study experience. At the age of 36, he had just been awarded the deputy senior title and experienced the failure of developing transgenic monkeys. He once considered whether to give up the research on nonhuman primates. At an academic conference, I learned about Sun Qiang’s practical foundation and technical level for many years. Muming Poo introduced him as a full-time senior engineer and entrusted him with the task of building a research platform for nonhuman primates.

　　To work here, Sun Qiang only made one condition to Muming Poo: to bring two veterinarians with only junior college education. Although their education is not high, they are a very important part of the scientific research team and need spirituality and concentration to achieve the ultimate.

　　At the beginning of 2018, the world’s first cloned monkey "Zhong Zhong" and "Hua Hua" cultivated by Sun Qiang’s team appeared in Cell magazine. This achievement, independently completed by scientists in China, is known as "a milestone breakthrough in the field of biotechnology in the world". The birth of the cloned monkey also proves that China has reached a stage from gradual and incremental innovation to a major breakthrough.

　　Are "Dr. Tu" and "Dr. Tu" not as good as those who have drunk "foreign ink"? Obviously not. Major breakthroughs, such as synthetic insulin, have been made by local scientists in China, most of whom are young scientists. In Muming Poo’s eyes, young people are the most innovative when they are 25 to 35 years old, but many excellent students go abroad as postdoctoral fellows, and devote the time that they can do experiments wholeheartedly to foreign laboratories in order to become "foreign talents" and get the talent "hat" smoothly.

　　"It seems that if you don’t go abroad, you can’t find a good job, and you don’t pay enough attention to the local talents you cultivate. This kind of employment orientation must be changed." Muming Poo regrets, "truly successful people don’t necessarily have to go abroad. It is very important to keep excellent doctoral and postdoctoral students in domestic first-class scientific research units and give them opportunities for innovation. There must be various mechanisms to encourage such talents. "

　　This is what the nerve has been trying to do. Under the leadership of Muming Poo, the Institute of Neurology has continuously deepened the reform of mechanism and system, and made in-depth and extensive explorations and attempts in the innovation of system and mechanism such as postgraduate training, team research to promote cross-integration, selection and promotion, and evaluation.

　　Yan Wang, secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute of Neurology, summed up the basic principles of talent work in the Institute of Neurology — — Provide a relatively stable scientific research environment, so that scientists can focus on research work; Carry out strict international assessment and implement a benign flow mechanism; Guide researchers to resist pressure and temptation, so that young scientists can work in a down-to-earth manner.

　　With these three rules, the breakthrough is ahead, and all it takes is time. Of course, it is very important to delve into major issues.

　　Stick to "big problems" instead of "short-term" topics.

　　"Big problem" is a key word deeply rooted in the culture of the Institute of Neurology.

　　It is precisely because of aiming at major scientific problems that the non-human primate research platform is built and perfected. In fact, since 2002, many research institutions in the world have started the research on somatic cell cloning of nonhuman primates. In 2010, Mitalipov, a scientist from Oregon Primate Research Center, led a team to successfully transplant cloned monkey embryos, but unfortunately, the success failed, and the embryos ended in abortion after 81 days of development.

　　However, due to the high investment cost and long output cycle of primate research, at first, many researchers who took mice as experimental objects inside and outside the Institute of Neurology were not optimistic about the investment in somatic cloned monkeys. In 2009, Muming Poo made a public opinion, and used the director’s fund layout to build a non-human primate research platform. That year, the Chinese Academy of Sciences tried out the only stable support policy for the whole hospital system, including the director’s fund. Since 2012, the non-human primate research platform project has been supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences. The background is that the Chinese Academy of Sciences, as a national strategic scientific and technological force, launched the strategic pilot science and technology project (Class B) "Study on Brain Function Linkage Map" in this year. This special project is one of the first five Class B pilot projects initiated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is earlier than the start time of related "brain projects" in the United States, Japan and the European Union.

　　In 2014, the Chinese Academy of Sciences launched the "First Action" plan, which outlined the reform of the classification of research institutes and comprehensively promoted the reform of institutional mechanisms. In the same year, based on the Institute of Neurology, the Center for Excellence and Innovation in Brain Science of Chinese Academy of Sciences was established, becoming one of the first four centers for Excellence and innovation established by Chinese Academy of Sciences.

　　In 2015, during the planning of "China Brain Project", scientists in China put forward a "one body and two wings" architecture, that is, the neural principle of brain cognition as the "main body" and the new means of diagnosis and treatment of brain diseases and the new brain-like intelligent technology as the "two wings". The Chinese Academy of Sciences responded quickly and planned the coordinated development of brain science and brain-like research. The Center for Excellence and Innovation in Brain Science and Intelligent Technology, jointly planned by Institute of Neurology and Institute of Automation, was formally established in this year.

　　Major changes have spawned major outputs. Perhaps coincidentally, on November 27th, 2017, the 18th anniversary of the establishment of the Institute of Neurology, the somatic cloned monkey "Zhongzhong" was born. In Muming Poo’s view: "The reason for our success is that we saw that this problem can be solved and stuck to it, while most foreign laboratories gave up. Our success is due to the cohesion of a group of cutting-edge talents. "

　　"If you want to make a breakthrough scientific discovery, you must do important problems. I hope that the teachers and students of the Institute of Neurology have the confidence to do the best work, have the confidence and courage to do important problems, and eventually make breakthrough scientific discoveries. " Muming Poo is convinced. The "baton" of evaluation is also guiding everyone to explore innovative major scientific issues in line with the direction of national strategic development, rather than simply doing the topic of "fast, safe and easy to publish articles".

　　At the end of November every year, it is the "big gathering" of the Institute of Neurology. After the establishment of the Center for Excellence and Innovation in Brain Science and Intelligent Technology, this tradition continued and became the "big gathering" of the whole center, and the performance evaluation of the year was carried out at the same time as academic exchanges. The evaluation results are the basis for researchers to apply for annual research funds and adjust performance allowances, and directly affect their funding and promotion opportunities.

　　The results of performance evaluation are divided into three grades: A, B and C. Members who have been rated as C for two consecutive years will be required to make rectification, and the annual performance allowance will be stopped during the rectification period; Members who have been rated as C for three consecutive years will be asked to withdraw; Members who have been rated as A for two consecutive years will be given priority in promotion assessment.

　　Yan Wang remembers that when it was first implemented, the impact was great. Some researchers can’t figure out: why did they get a C in the evaluation because they have sent so many papers with high impact factors? Because the evaluation criteria are different, the "paper-only" evaluation system has been broken since the end of 2015, focusing on the contribution to the team’s key projects, excluding the results unrelated to the team’s projects; There are significant innovative achievements in the key areas of the center layout; The investment in interdisciplinary communication includes multi-unit "squatting" teaching and research, and guiding dual-tutor graduate students.

　　What are good results and big results? What kind of achievement is a major breakthrough? "It is a major breakthrough to open up new scientific research fields and achieve milestones in the original scientific research fields. Looking around the world, the world’s top scientific research institutions have such achievements. Every scientific research field has well-known major unsolved problems, and it is the real leader in this field to continuously make major breakthroughs in one field. " Muming Poo said.

　　It is necessary to "explore freely" and "tackle key problems by team"

　　"It has been 5 years since I returned to China. Let’s see when I can get the first clinical approval." On July 8, Yang Hui, a researcher at the Institute of Neurology, wrote this sentence in a circle of friends, with a smiling expression of high morale.

　　In 2014, 29-year-old Yang Hui became the youngest researcher in the Institute of Neurology, and served as the leader of the primate disease model research group and doctoral supervisor. "90% of rare diseases are incurable. Can we do something with gene editing?" Yang Hui said that rare diseases are actually not rare. There are more than 7,000 rare diseases found in the world, with more than 300 million patients, more than cancer patients. The goal of him and his team is to develop more efficient and safer gene editing tools and build a research and development platform for treating rare diseases. "The first gene drug in China will not be too far away".

　　In the first half of this year, Yang Hui’s research group had a bumper harvest, and published two papers in Science and Nature. It was the first time in the world to confirm the off-target effect of single-base gene editing, and then further repaired the off-target "loophole" and established a new generation of single-base gene editing tools. The young researcher said frankly: "I’m still very uneasy, and I’m most worried about disappointing the students’ efforts day and night. Teacher Pu is still helping us to change articles over and over again during the Spring Festival holiday. Thank you for your efforts and hope that the results will benefit China patients as soon as possible. "

　　The birth of somatic cloned monkeys undoubtedly brought Yang Hui closer to her dream. Starting from 2018, a monthly seminar on cloned monkeys will be held. In addition to the main personnel of the primate platform, many research groups of the Institute of Neurology will participate, expecting to bear more innovative fruits in deep cross-integration. Sun Qiang said that on the basis of successfully constructing the world’s first batch of somaclonal monkeys with dysrhythmia, more efforts are being organized, and the efforts of the Institute, the Center of Excellence and even the whole country are gathered to develop a variety of disease model monkeys and tool monkeys developed by somaclonal monkey technology as soon as possible. "Many research groups in the Institute have cooperated with us."

　　In Muming Poo’s view, at present, breakthroughs in most fields require cooperative research, and establishing a concise and efficient research team is the key to a major breakthrough. "The biggest challenge in the biological science community at present is to establish an effective research team." The molecular mechanism and variety design of synthetic bovine insulin with full activity, high yield and high quality rice are not the results of individual combat. To make breakthrough work on major issues requires the team spirit of sincere cooperation, hard work and perseverance of each member, and puts the task and goal of team research above personal gains and losses.

　　This is also the first-class scientific research culture that Muming Poo has always advocated, and the first-class scientific research institutions should have. "Looking for the development direction of the frontier of science must be free to explore. However, with the development of science and technology, it is difficult to make a real breakthrough only by individual’s free exploration. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend for young and middle-aged scientists to abandon the limitations of fame and fortune, cooperate with each other and jointly answer important scientific questions. "

　　At the beginning of its establishment, the Institute of Neurology insisted on joint team research as the core way to solve major problems, and actively explored the establishment of scientific research systems and mechanisms that take into account collective goals and personal interests, demand orientation and free exploration. Here, most of the personal interests of scientific researchers are respected, most of their personal expertise is found, and valuable and distinctive frontier research fields are basically covered.

　　Muming Poo has a profound understanding of the training methods of Chinese and Western scientists, and he hopes to promote the establishment of a new scientific culture in the nerve center and cultivate intellectuals who inherit China’s traditional values. In his view, Chinese researchers should have the spirit of selflessness, and more importantly, they should have the feeling of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later" of China traditional intellectuals, so as to serve the country with scientific and technological achievements.

　　"Please don’t buy things you don’t need in the near future. I am very seriously opposed to the idea of spending all the unspent funds before the end of the year. If we can’t use up the money, it means that we don’t need it. We must return it to the Chinese Academy of Sciences or other sources. This is the correct attitude of a scientist with social responsibility. " Muming Poo once sent an email to the research group leader in the institute.

　　In his view, it is a basic social conscience that researchers should use research funds cautiously. The level of scientists is expressed by ideas and innovation, not by the latest models of instruments they have. The wind of "grabbing" resources once appeared in academic circles is a waste to society. The practice of the Institute of Neurology also proves this point. The rapid development depends not on the input of resources, but on the ideal of building a world-class scientific research institution and persisting in promoting the reform of the system and mechanism.

　　At the beginning of his tenure as director of the Institute of Neurology, Muming Poo once put down his grandiloquence: "I have never been so confident in successfully establishing a world-class research institute on the land of China. This will be a research institute that will be recorded in the history of science in China. As the first director of the Institute of Neurology, I am determined to do my best to turn the Institute of Neurology into a fertile soil where the seeds of scientific invention will sprout, take root and blossom. "

　　This year, 71-year-old Muming Poo will soon witness the 20th year of this research institute, which has devoted countless efforts to it, and complete another major turn. In the near future, it will continue to complete its mission and responsibility under the name of "Center for Excellence in Innovation of Brain Science and Intelligent Technology of Chinese Academy of Sciences".

　　Innovation, innovation, and innovation.

　　Fusion, fusion, re-fusion.

　　This is the result of the times and the general trend. At present, the research of brain science and intelligent technology is facing unprecedented development opportunities. After 20 years of intensive cultivation, a research team led by outstanding scientists and with outstanding young scientists as the main body has become increasingly mature and has become a main force in the research of brain science and intelligent technology in China. After 20 years of reform and innovation, the rivers crossed, the bridges crossed and the roads traversed have been integrated into the great process of China’s scientific and technological innovation to overcome difficulties and become a cornerstone to consolidate the innovation-driven development strategy. (Reporter Yan Weiqi)

　　The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee is a very important meeting held at the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way. The plenary session adopted "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Promoting the Rule of Law" (hereinafter referred to as the "Decision"), which made a top-level design and strategic deployment for comprehensively promoting the rule of law, clearly outlined the grand blueprint for the construction of China ruled by law, and specifically defined the road map and task book for comprehensively promoting the rule of law in various fields. It is a landmark programmatic document. The "Decision" makes an incisive exposition on safeguarding the authority of the Constitution, strengthening the implementation of the Constitution, and carrying forward the spirit of the Constitution, and puts forward clear requirements, which will surely raise the full implementation of the Constitution to a new level.

　　1. The Constitution is the fundamental law of the country, and it is the general charter for governing the country and safeguarding the country.

　　The "Decision" pointed out: "The Constitution is a concentrated expression of the will of the party and the people and a fundamental law formed through scientific and democratic procedures." We should fully understand the important position and role of the Constitution in the political and social life of the country, and earnestly enhance the consciousness and firmness of observing and safeguarding the Constitution.

　　The constitution is the concentrated expression of the common will of the party and the people. China’s Constitution is closely linked with the arduous struggle and brilliant achievements made by the Party and the people, the road ahead opened by the Party and the people and the valuable experience accumulated. As early as 1940, Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out that "after the success of the revolution had democratic facts, a fundamental law was promulgated to recognize it, which is the Constitution". Since the founding of New China, especially since the reform and opening up, the major principles and policies determined by the Party’s previous congresses have been fully reflected in the Constitution. For example, the 1982 Constitution and its four subsequent amendments timely wrote the Party’s major theoretical achievements such as Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents’s Important Thought, Persistence in Reform and Opening-up, Primary Stage of Socialism, Socialist Market Economy, Ruling the Country by Law and Builders of Socialist Cause into the Constitution. The current constitution, in the form of the fundamental law of the country, establishes the development achievements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s road, theoretical system and system, reflects the common will and fundamental interests of the people of all ethnic groups in China, and is a high degree of unity of the party’s ideas and the people’s will. Safeguarding the legal authority of the Constitution means safeguarding the authority of the common will of the Party and the people, safeguarding the dignity of the constitutional law means safeguarding the dignity of the common will of the Party and the people, and ensuring the implementation of the constitutional law means ensuring the realization of the common will of the Party and the people. It is necessary to fully understand that only by earnestly respecting and effectively implementing the Constitution can the development of the cause of the party and the state and the happiness and well-being of the people be fundamentally guaranteed by law.

　　Constitution is a direct reflection of people’s democratic rights and wishes. The "Decision" pointed out that "the CPC Central Committee proposed constitutional amendments to the National People’s Congress and carried out constitutional amendments in accordance with the procedures stipulated in the Constitution." This fully embodies the organic unity of the party’s leadership, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, and highlights the distinctive characteristics of China’s socialist democracy. In the process of formulating and amending the constitution of our country, democracy is fully promoted, and procedures are strictly followed to ensure the extensive participation and high recognition of the whole party and society. When China’s first constitution was formulated in 1954, more than 8,000 representatives from state organs, Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, democratic parties, people’s organizations and all walks of life were organized to participate in the discussion, and more than 6,000 opinions were put forward after sorting out. In the subsequent national discussion, 150 million people participated, and more than 1 million amendments and suggestions were received from all over the country. In 1982, the draft amendment to the current constitution was fully discussed by the whole people for four months, and the opinions and suggestions from all sides inside and outside the party were widely solicited for the next four amendments. It can be said that the formation and development of the Constitution is a process in which the people directly exercise their democratic rights and reflect their democratic will, and it is also a process in which the wisdom and consensus of the whole party and the people of the whole country are highly condensed. It is necessary to fully understand that the constitution is formed and developed through scientific and democratic procedures, and it is the most extensive and true embodiment of socialist democracy in China.

　　The constitution is the highest code of conduct that the whole society must strictly abide by. Since the reform and opening up, China’s current constitution, with its supreme legal status and strong legal power, has guaranteed the people to be masters of their own affairs, promoted reform and opening up and socialist modernization, promoted the process of a socialist country ruled by law, and safeguarded national unity, national unity and social stability. Practice has proved that this is a good constitution that conforms to the national conditions, reality and the requirements of the development of the times. The Decision emphasizes that "all organizations and individuals must respect the legal authority of the Constitution" and that "people of all ethnic groups, all state organs and armed forces, all political parties, all social organizations, and all enterprises and institutions in China must take the Constitution as the fundamental criterion for their activities, and have the responsibility to safeguard the dignity of the Constitution and ensure its implementation", which further demonstrates the clear attitude and firm determination of the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader Comrade as the general secretary in upholding the rule of law and governing the country according to the Constitution, and establishes the Constitution in the national governance system and institutions. We must always uphold the supremacy of the Constitution and fully understand that the Constitution, as the fundamental law to ensure the prosperity and long-term stability of the Party and the country, has the highest authority and must be fully respected and resolutely safeguarded.

　　Two, the life of the constitution lies in the implementation, and the authority of the constitution lies in the implementation.

　　The strength of the constitution is not only due to its lofty status, but also due to its effective implementation. Otherwise, the constitution can only stay at the level of "political declaration" and text. The "Decision" puts forward clear requirements for strengthening the implementation of the Constitution. We must persistently strengthen the implementation of the Constitution as the primary task and basic work of building a socialist country ruled by law, and pay close attention to it to ensure that the leading role of the Constitution in national governance and social governance is fully exerted.

　　Conscientiously fulfill the constitutional mission and work together for the prosperity of the country, the rejuvenation of the nation and the happiness of the people. The Constitution confirms the brilliant achievements made by our Party in leading the people’s long-term struggle, stipulates the nature and fundamental system of state power under the people’s democratic dictatorship, and defines the fundamental task and general goal of the country’s future construction and development. It is the highest embodiment of the central work, basic principles, major principles and important policies of the Party and the country in the new period. We should bravely shoulder the historical heavy responsibility and sacred mission entrusted by the Constitution, persist in emancipating our minds, comprehensively deepen reform, make overall plans to promote the construction of socialist economic, political, cultural, social and ecological civilization, and strive to achieve the goal of "two hundred years" and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream by the Chinese nation. We must adhere to the constitutional concept that all state power belongs to the people, adapt to the new requirements of promoting economic and social development and expanding people’s democracy, and mobilize and organize the people to manage state and social affairs, economic and cultural undertakings through various channels and forms in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution and laws, so as to jointly build, enjoy and develop together, so as to maximize the realization and maintenance of the people’s yearning for a better life.

　　Always abide by the constitutional principles and adhere to equality before the law. Equality is the basic attribute of socialist law. China’s Constitution stipulates: "All citizens of People’s Republic of China (PRC) are equal before the law." All citizens in China are equal in the application of laws, regardless of nationality, sex, occupation, family background, religious belief, education level and property status. The "Decision" once again reaffirms this important principle, emphasizing that any organization or individual "must operate within the scope of the constitutional law, must exercise power or rights, perform duties or obligations in accordance with the constitutional law, and must not have privileges beyond the constitutional law". It is necessary to safeguard the unity, dignity and authority of the national legal system and effectively ensure the effective implementation of constitutional laws. No one will be allowed to substitute words for laws, suppress laws and bending the law with power under any pretext or in any form. It is necessary to focus on standardizing and restraining public power, strengthen supervision, make sure that the right must be held accountable, the right to use it is supervised, and those who violate the law must be investigated, and resolutely correct those who fail to abide by the law, enforce the law lax, and fail to investigate the law.

　　Vigorously carry forward the spirit of the constitution, and effectively embody and run through the whole process of governing the country according to law. The core of the spirit of the Constitution is that the people are the masters of the country. The "Decision" emphasizes that it is necessary to "improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution as the core" and "make every legislation conform to the spirit of the Constitution, reflect the will of the people and win the support of the people". This is an important premise and foundation for the correct and unified implementation of the Constitution. By the end of 2013, there were 243 effective laws, 731 administrative regulations and 9347 local regulations (including autonomous regulations and separate regulations) in China. It is important to keep these laws and regulations consistent with the spirit of the Constitution. The basic principles and systems established by the Constitution, the basic spirit of regulating state power and realizing citizens’ rights, etc., need to be refined through laws, regulations and other normative documents, and more importantly, the state administrative organs, judicial organs, procuratorial organs, all social organizations and all citizens need to consciously abide by them to implement them. It is necessary to regard the Constitution as the highest legal norm, strictly follow the clear statutory authority and requirements of the Constitution, scientifically legislate, strictly enforce the law, justly administer justice, and abide by the law by the whole people, so that the spirit of the Constitution can be fully reflected in all aspects of the rule of law.

　　Effectively safeguard the authority of the Constitution and resolutely investigate and correct all acts that violate the Constitution. It is the basic requirement of governing the country according to law and an important embodiment of the implementation of the constitution to abide by the law and prosecute those who violate the law. The current constitution meets the needs of building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream, and its core position in the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics has been formed. However, in real life, some departments just regard the Constitution as a supreme law. Many people think that the Constitution has little to do with ordinary people, and violations of the Constitution occur from time to time. In view of these problems in the implementation of the Constitution, the Decision emphasizes that "all acts that violate the Constitution must be investigated and corrected". It is necessary to formulate and improve the system of investigating the violation of the constitution, make clear provisions on the constitutive requirements, responsibilities, measures and procedures of investigating the violation of the constitution and strictly implement them, so that violations of the constitution can be stopped and corrected in time and the supreme authority of the constitution can be respected and safeguarded.

　　Adhere to the party’s leadership and unify the party’s leading the people in formulating and implementing constitutional laws with the party’s adherence to activities within the scope of constitutional laws. This is a profound summary of our party’s experience in governing the country, a deepening understanding of our party’s ruling laws, a fundamental embodiment of constitutional principles with people’s sovereignty, basic human rights, power restriction and socialist rule of law as the main contents, and the key to the implementation of the constitution. Our party leads the people to formulate the constitution, and leads the people to abide by and implement it. To govern the country according to law, we must first govern the country according to the constitution; The key to governing according to law is to govern according to the constitution. To strengthen the implementation of the Constitution, we must always adhere to the leading core role of the Party in taking the overall situation into account and coordinating all parties, adhere to the organic connection between the internal laws and regulations of the Party and constitutional laws, be good at making the Party’s ideas become the will of the state through legal procedures, be good at making the candidates recommended by the Party organizations become the leaders of state organs through legal procedures, be good at implementing the Party’s leadership over the country and society through state organs, and be good at using the principle of democratic centralism to safeguard the central authority and the unity of the whole party and the whole country.

　　Three, improve the supervision mechanism and procedures for the implementation of the Constitution, and effectively enhance the effectiveness of constitutional supervision.

　　Constitutional supervision is an important institutional form to ensure the implementation of the constitution and safeguard its authority and dignity. The implementation of the constitution cannot be separated from the constitutional supervision. Since the promulgation and implementation of the 1954 Constitution, especially the 1982 Constitution, China has continuously explored and gradually established a constitutional supervision system with China characteristics. Promoting the rule of law in an all-round way and strengthening the implementation of the constitution have put forward new and higher requirements for constitutional supervision.

　　Improve the constitutional supervision system of the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee. China’s Constitution stipulates that the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee are responsible for supervising the implementation of the Constitution. This reflects the system design that the National People’s Congress is the highest organ of state power and exercises state power on behalf of the people. Practice has proved that it conforms to China’s national conditions. The "Decision" emphasizes "improving the constitutional supervision system of the NPC and its Standing Committee", which not only highlights that the NPC and its Standing Committee have the highest constitutional supervision power, but also points out the direction of efforts to promote the institutionalization of constitutional supervision. It is necessary to improve the supervision mechanism and procedures, further clarify the object, scope and methods of constitutional supervision by the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee, and make the principle requirements specific and procedural, so as to make the constitutional supervision more standardized and effective.

　　Give full play to the role of constitutional interpretation. According to the spirit of the Constitution, it is very important to explain the contents, meanings and boundaries of the Constitution, so as to ensure and supervise the full implementation of the Constitution. In the face of the complicated international situation and arduous domestic tasks, especially in the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, it is necessary to pay attention to the use of constitutional interpretation and strengthen the function and effectiveness of constitutional supervision to solve the new situations and problems faced by reform and development according to law and safeguard national unity, national unity and social stability. In order to promote the concretization and institutionalization of constitutional interpretation, the "Decision" emphasizes "improving the procedural mechanism of constitutional interpretation". It is necessary to establish and improve the system of constitutional interpretation, clarify the conditions for submitting constitutional interpretation, the initiation and acceptance of requests for constitutional interpretation, the deliberation, adoption and publication of constitutional interpretation cases, ensure the implementation of constitutional interpretation, complement the advantages of constitutional amendment, and advance with legal interpretation, so that our constitution can keep pace with the times and keep pace with the times on the basis of maintaining stability and authority.

　　Strengthen the record review system and capacity building. It is an important content and link of constitutional supervision to record and review laws, administrative regulations and local regulations. According to statistics, by the end of 2013, the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) had received a total of 502 administrative regulations, 22,253 local regulations (including autonomous regulations and separate regulations) and 189 judicial interpretations. For the problems found in the review that are inconsistent with the constitutional laws, the enacting organs have been urged to amend or abolish them. The "Decision" emphasizes strengthening the record review system and capacity building, including all normative documents in the scope of record review, revoking and correcting unconstitutional and illegal normative documents according to law, and prohibiting local governments from issuing documents with legislative nature. It is necessary to improve the filing and review mechanism, improve the execution and binding force of the system, strengthen the cooperation between legislative supervision institutions, establish and improve the coordination and communication mechanism, effectively improve the filing and review ability, enhance the actual efficiency of filing and review, and safeguard the unity of the Constitution and the law.

　　Guide all sectors of society to actively participate in constitutional supervision. All power in our country belongs to the people, and every citizen has the responsibility of consciously respecting and maintaining the constitution itself, as well as the right and obligation to participate in supervision. According to statistics, since 2004, there have been 1,137 censorship suggestions put forward by citizens and organizations, of which 475 are within the scope of filing and censorship in the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC). It is necessary to give full play to the important role of socialist deliberative democracy in constitutional supervision, pay attention to the democratic supervision role of the CPPCC and the United front, organize and guide democratic parties, people’s organizations and people from all walks of life to conduct in-depth investigations and studies on major issues related to the implementation, revision and interpretation of the Constitution, and actively make suggestions and suggestions. It is necessary to expand the channels for citizens to participate in constitutional supervision in an orderly manner, explore the establishment of an opinion processing and feedback mechanism, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of all sectors of society to participate in constitutional supervision, so as to have a broader consensus and a solid foundation.

　　Fourth, the foundation of the constitution lies in inner support, and the power of the constitution comes from sincere belief.

　　Only when the constitution is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and enters the masses of the people can it truly become the conscious action of all the people. It is necessary to enhance the conscious awareness of the whole society to be loyal to, abide by, safeguard and apply the Constitution, establish the belief and awe in the Constitution, and provide spiritual motivation and ideological guarantee for comprehensively promoting the rule of law and building a socialist country ruled by law.

　　Constitutional education is widely carried out in the whole society. The constitution is "a piece of paper with people’s rights written on it", which should be mastered, observed and used by the people. The "Decision" clearly designated December 4th, when the current Constitution of China was promulgated and put into effect, as the "National Constitution Day" every year, which provided an important opportunity for the centralized publicity and popularization of the Constitution. It is necessary to further improve the legal education system, highlight and strengthen constitutional education, make full use of various media to popularize constitutional knowledge, explain the spirit of the constitution, spread constitutional ideas, form a strong atmosphere for studying the constitution, and make the constitution a household name. It is necessary to bring constitutional education into the whole process of national education, starting with dolls and cultivating constitutional awareness from an early age. Through constitutional education, all the people should realize that the constitution is not only the highest code of conduct that must be observed, but also the most powerful weapon to protect their rights, fully believe in the constitution, actively use it, and become loyal advocates, conscious followers and firm defenders of the constitution.

　　Party member cadres should take the lead in safeguarding the dignity of the Constitution. Party member cadres and state functionaries have an important leading and exemplary role in observing and maintaining the Constitution. The "Decision" requires that party organizations of people’s congresses, governments, CPPCC, judicial organs and procuratorial organs at all levels should lead and supervise their units to abide by the constitutional laws. It is necessary to establish and improve the system for party and government leading cadres at all levels to study the Constitution, regard the Constitution as the study content of the theoretical study center group of the Party committee (party group), as an important aspect of cadre education in party member, and list it as a compulsory course for Party schools and administrative colleges, so as to comprehensively strengthen the study and mastery of the contents and basic spirit of the Constitution. It is necessary to educate party member cadres, especially leading cadres, to take the lead in establishing constitutional consciousness, cultivate constitutional thinking, and take the constitution as the criterion for judging right and wrong; Take the lead in acting in strict accordance with the Constitution and enhance the ability to observe, analyze and solve practical problems according to the Constitution; Take the lead in promoting constitutional practice, conscientiously perform the duties entrusted by the Constitution, and fight against all acts that undermine the authority and trample on the dignity of the Constitution, so that the Constitution truly becomes the highest rule of state governance and the fundamental principle that must be followed in carrying out its work.

　　Establish a constitutional oath system. The "Decision" clearly stated that "a constitutional oath system shall be established, and all state functionaries elected or appointed by the National People’s Congress and its Standing Committee shall publicly take an oath to the Constitution when they officially take office". The oath ceremony of the constitution strengthens the spirit of the constitution through solemn forms, which helps to enhance the sense of awe of the constitution and remember the solemn commitment made to the constitution; It is helpful to improve constitutional consciousness and cultivate constitutional belief. This innovative measure is of great significance for carrying forward the spirit of the Constitution and showing its authority. At present, among the 142 countries with written constitutions in the world, 97 countries have stipulated the oath system, and China is constantly exploring and practicing it. In March 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said at a meeting of the 12th National People’s Congress: "We will faithfully perform our duties entrusted by the Constitution, be loyal to the motherland, be loyal to the people, fulfill our duties, stay up all night in public, serve the people and do our best for the country." In December of the same year, 501 judges in the Supreme People’s Court solemnly swore allegiance to the Constitution and laws facing the national flag in accordance with the Provisions on Judge People’s Republic of China (PRC)’s Oath (Trial). We should conscientiously implement the constitutional oath system, clarify the specific procedures, contents, supervision and legal responsibilities of the oath, and make it a new important institutional form to ensure the implementation of the constitution and safeguard its authority and dignity.

　　People’s Daily (November 11th, 2014, 06 edition)

With the popularity of electric vehicles, electric car charger has become an indispensable accessory for every electric vehicle user. However, there are many kinds of chargers in the market. How to choose a charger that suits you? The following will be popular science for everyone from several key aspects.

* * First, understand the battery type of electric vehicles * *

First of all, we need to know what kind of batteries our electric cars use, such as lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries. Different types of batteries have different requirements for chargers, so the choice of chargers must match the battery type.

* * Second, pay attention to the power and current of the charger * *

The power and current of the charger directly affect the charging speed and battery life. The higher the power, the faster the charging speed, but it may also cause damage to the battery. Therefore, when choosing a charger, we should choose a charger with moderate power and stable current according to the battery capacity and our own needs.

* * Third, pay attention to the safety performance of the charger * *

Safety performance is an important factor that cannot be ignored when choosing a charger. A high-quality charger should have multiple protection functions such as overcharge, overdischarge, overheating and short circuit to ensure the safety during charging. In addition, the charger with national certification mark should be selected to ensure product quality.

* * Fourth, consider the portability and ease of use of the charger * *

For users who often need to go out to charge, the portability and ease of use of the charger are also factors to be considered. Lightweight and compact chargers are easy to carry, while simple chargers can lower the use threshold.

* * 5. Understand the brand and reputation of the charger * *

Brand and word of mouth are important references when choosing a charger. Well-known brands usually have more advanced technology and stricter quality control, while good reputation means that products have been recognized by users in practical use.

To sum up, choosing a electric car charger that suits you needs to be considered from many aspects. I hope the above popular science content can help you to choose electric car charger better.

Image source: the idea of the worm

Many times, we don’t know exactly what the strict definitions of foreign trade and cross-border are, because we won’t make a detailed distinction between them without touching the actual sea business. Foreign trade and cross-border e-commerce are actually very similar, but if you list them, you can still find out the relevant differences. First of all, for foreign trade, it covers a wide range, and the goods suspected of trading are not limited to physical objects, and foreign trade tends to be wholesale, just like B2B trading, and it is more complicated in tax declaration. Compared with foreign trade, cross-border e-commerce has not developed for a long time, mainly for individual overseas consumers. To sum up, it belongs to a trading model with small quantity, many types and large batches.

According to the differences between cross-border and foreign trade, we can sum up the following points:

1, the main body is different:

In the foreign trade market, enterprises expand overseas markets by promoting their own goods and services through information channels to attract foreign merchants. Therefore, from the perspective of communication methods, foreign trade belongs to information flow.

From the perspective of cross-border platforms, merchants directly publish commodity information through platforms or self-built stations, in order to complete commodity transactions. From this point of view, cross-border e-commerce takes the commodity flow.

2. Different links:In the foreign trade market, because they are all commodities, time and cost enterprises will not obviously consider optimization in import and export links and other places.

In cross-border e-commerce, both the time and cost of transportation will affect the final transaction and profit of goods, so merchants should compliment these links, try to reduce costs and improve efficiency as much as possible.

3. Different trading methods:In foreign trade, the double-sending transaction mode is offline, or the transaction is not connected to the third-party payment platform. In cross-border e-commerce, both parties to the transaction and the transaction mode are generated by the platform, and the payment also needs the intervention of a third-party payment platform.

4. Different taxes:Because foreign trade often involves large-scale transactions, it is complicated to make tax declaration in customs examination, which involves not only value-added tax but also consumption tax. Cross-border e-commerce, as a business-to-individual transaction, is simpler in terms of taxation. Sometimes you may only involve a postal tax.

5. Different modes:The basic mode of foreign trade is B2B direction, which is the product of the initial stage of global trade development. The mainstream trade model of cross-border e-commerce is B2C, which is the inevitable result of the development of global trade. Cross-border e-commerce has broken the operation mode of traditional foreign trade e-commerce, but now the boundary between cross-border e-commerce and foreign trade is becoming more and more blurred.

The advantages of To C to ToB are as follows:

Advantages of product selection:C-end sellers are more skilled than traditional B-end sellers in product selection and testing, and get market feedback earlier.

Operational advantages:C-side sellers are much better than traditional B-side sellers in operation and promotion, especially in advertising material planning, crowd positioning and data optimization.

Service advantages:A large number of overseas buyers turn online, and small and medium-sized sellers are small orders and multiple batches (less than 500 pieces), so C-end sellers can provide better service.

Therefore, at this stage, for many enterprises, especially when the C-side cross-border operation is relatively mature, it is still very advantageous and full of opportunities to consider cutting into the ToB market!

(Source: Michael talks about cross-border)

The above content belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hugo’s cross-border position! This article is reproduced with the authorization of the original author, and it needs the authorization and consent of the original author. ?

Guangzhou has built a high-speed highway, ranking first in the province. The "three-ring+nineteen-shot" main skeleton road network basically formed the northern section of the second airport expressway. On December 30, the northern section of the second airport expressway invested and constructed by Guangzhou Jiaotou Group passed the handover acceptance and was open to traffic. After this section is opened to traffic, a second high-speed passage will be added directly to Baiyun Airport, so that citizens in the north and east of Guangzhou will not need to detour by plane. The North Section of the Second Airport Expressway connects the North Second Ring Expressway, Huaguan Expressway and other national highways such as G106 and S118, forming a closed-loop regional traffic pattern of Guangzhou Airport and a new northbound exit passage, which will further enhance the distribution capacity of Baiyun Airport and accelerate the development of the airport economic zone, and play an important role in improving the layout of Guangzhou expressway network, alleviating the "bottleneck" of northbound exit traffic in Guangzhou, constructing the Pan-Pearl River Delta expressway pattern centered on Guangzhou, and promoting the interconnection of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. Up to now, Guangzhou has built a high-speed highway with a mileage of over 1,100 kilometers, ranking first in the province in terms of construction scale, and the "three-ring+nineteen-shot" main skeleton road network has basically taken shape. Avoid congestion and bypass to build a second high-speed passage through the airport. "Driving to Baiyun Airport, the airport expressway is the only way." Mr. Li told reporters. However, on holidays, the traffic volume increases, and the airport expressway is often congested. "Leave some time in advance for holidays in case the traffic jam can’t catch up with the plane." With the opening of the northern section of the airport’s second expressway, Mr. Li’s worries will be effectively alleviated.The second expressway of the airport starts from Shanqian Interchange on the north extension line of the airport expressway and ends at Huangcun Interchange on Guangzhou-Shenzhen Expressway, with a total length of 44.46 kilometers. The project is roughly bounded by the North Second Ring Expressway and is divided into the northern section and the southern section. The northern section of the project is 22.11 kilometers (including 1.36 kilometers of connecting lines), with the construction standard of 8 lanes in two directions and the design speed of 100 kilometers per hour, with 7 interchanges and 1 management center. After the opening of the North Section of the Second Airport Expressway, the high-speed network around Baiyun Airport forms a closed loop, and citizens have one more route to choose from to go to the T1 and T2 terminals of Baiyun Airport or the surrounding area. They can drive from the North Section of the Second Airport Expressway to Fanghua Road and then to the T1 terminal via T3 interchange. In the future, after the planned road at the airport is completed and opened to traffic, the accessibility of the road network will be further improved. Citizens can switch from the airport north interchange to the T2 terminal and from the T3 interchange to the T3 (planned) terminal, which will effectively alleviate the traffic congestion of citizens during holidays, and citizens in Huadu District and Baiyun District can also reduce road detours when going to the airport. It is reported that the south section of the second expressway of the airport has started construction in an all-round way. When it is completed and opened to traffic, it will connect the northern section of the project and China Unicom’s seven expressways, and become an important highway hub in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, further improving the "three-ring+nineteen-shot" expressway network, focusing on upgrading the energy level of the external expressway corridors in the directions of Guanghui, Guang ‘ao, Guangzhao and Guangqing, helping to build a Pan-Pearl River Delta expressway network with Guangzhou as the center and create a "one-hour traffic circle" in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area."After the second expressway of the airport is opened to traffic, the driving time from Tianhe to Baiyun Airport will be shortened from 1 hour to 30 minutes, and it will also become the fastest way for major cities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area such as Dongguan, Foshan and Zhaoqing to go to Baiyun Airport." The person in charge of the second expressway project at the airport said. Insist on green and intensive construction to build Guangzhou Expressway demonstration project. The northern section of the second expressway of the airport passes through urban dense areas, crossing (passing through) high expressways, national and provincial highways and rapidly transforming roads, railways and subways for many times. The buildings (structures) and pipelines along the line are complicated and the construction requirements are extremely high. In this regard, Guangzhou Jiaotou Group has always adhered to the new development concept, focusing on intensive land conservation, safe construction and green construction. In the overall scheme selection, the route should be optimized on the principle of occupying cultivated land, fertile land and economic forest as little as possible; In the design stage, bridge structure should be adopted as much as possible to reduce the land occupation; Minimize temporary land occupation during the construction stage; After completion, vegetation, cultivated land and municipal roads will be restored in time. In addition, rainwater collection and accident emergency pools are set up on the road section passing through the water source protection area, and rainwater and sewage on the road surface are collected and treated centrally; Sound insulation and noise reduction measures are adopted in the road sections passing through environmentally sensitive points such as villages, campuses and residential areas, such as SMA, OGFC and PAC combined noise reduction pavement and fully enclosed sound insulation screen, so as to minimize the impact on the surrounding environment. It is understood that there are two underpass tunnels in the northern section of the second expressway of the airport.They are the airport north tunnel, the longest two-way eight-lane expressway in China with a length of 3,012m, and the airport south tunnel, the widest expressway in China with a length of 1,100m. By adopting the scheme of underpass tunnel, the environmental friendliness is improved and the construction difficulty is also increased. "Airport North Tunnel is located next to Liuxi River, with complex geological environment and great risk of collapse." The person in charge of the project said. In order to overcome the construction difficulties, geological conditions are taken as an important consideration in the scheme design of the north section of the second expressway of the airport, and the scheme is dynamically adjusted during the construction, and measures such as real-time monitoring and strengthening protection are taken to ensure the construction safety. At the same time, the northern section of the second expressway of the airport makes the best use of the existing corridor resources in route selection, creates a three-dimensional traffic system and releases the urban development space. "For example, in the section of National Highway 106, there is a subway under it, with National Highway 106 in the middle and the second expressway above the airport." The project leader introduced. The project also innovated the way of pipeline relocation. For the first time in Guangzhou expressway construction industry, the comprehensive pipeline relocation unit was selected by public bidding, and multiple pipeline relocation routes were optimized by design and construction general contracting, and all pipeline property rights units were organized to participate in the design scheme discussion, breaking the "fragmented" situation of pipeline relocation, which not only greatly reduced the amount of land occupation and house demolition, saved investment costs, but also provided orderly pipe network layout support for future road network improvement.Promote innovation and empower BIM technology to lead smart construction sites to build the second high-speed airport project. BIM technology is also widely used in site construction and management, effectively solving construction problems in complex environments. According to reports, BIM technology is based on three-dimensional digital technology, which combines the BIM model established in the early stage with the surrounding real terrain, environment and other data through multi-channel image fusion technology to generate a real digital virtual sand table of the project, and escorts the project construction by intelligent means. How to move the pipeline? The model predicts first. The airport second expressway project innovatively uses "GIS+BIM" technology to establish a virtual digital sand table, and generates a visual three-dimensional model of the invisible underground pipeline. "Through the BIM model, the pipeline relocation can be arranged in advance. For example, seeing the close relationship between the pipeline and the subway and finding the conflict point of the pipeline relocation will make the actual operation more organized." The project leader said. The northern section of the project involves the construction of G106 bridge pier, capping beam and steel box beam, as well as the prefabrication and erection of beam and slab. The project adopts BIM technology to build an all-round three-dimensional real-life model communication platform, observe the site construction in 360 degrees in real time, strengthen the deep interaction between the project company and the construction unit, realize the scientific, standardized and intelligent management of the project based on BIM technology, and speed up the progress of the project. With this technology, the SG08 contract section of the North Section of the Second Airport Expressway completed an output value of 80 million yuan in a single month, setting a new record for the monthly output value of the bridge standard. It is understood that,The research results of the project on BIM technology also won many honors, such as the third place in the BIM application category of bridges and tunnels in the 10th imagine cup Building Information Model (BIM) Application Competition. Expand the skill competition mode, and the provincial key project labor competition will boost the project construction. During the construction process, the northern section of the second expressway of the airport will also vigorously carry out the provincial key project labor competition to adapt to the development of the new era. By expanding the depth of labor competition and innovating the skill competition mode, the construction upsurge of catching up with learning will be set off in the whole project, which will effectively promote the high-quality and efficient construction of the project. It is understood that since 2017, the project has carried out a series of labor competition activities such as "attacking the city and pulling out the village", "taking root", "flowering results" and "making new achievements", with the goal of "model project, clean project and quality project". Through a series of skill competitions, such as steel bar welding and upsetting straight thread sleeve connection, experimental testing practice, engineering survey practice, New Jersey guardrail steel bar binding and pouring, and the appraisal of craftsmen’s construction teams, post experts (pacesetters), advanced collectives and individuals, technical exchanges and mutual promotion have been realized, and the simple production and physical labor competition has been upgraded into an intelligent and scientific research competition, and four advanced collectives and three winners of Guangdong May 1 Labor Medal have emerged.

　　 Jiangxi Daily reporter Zhang Tianqing Yang Jianzhi Li Xin

　　 Four years ago, the 24th day of the twelfth lunar month coincided with the lunar new year in the south. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader braved the snowstorm and came to Shenshan Village in Jinggangshan to pay a New Year call to the villagers. He said with deep affection: on the road to poverty alleviation, we can’t leave a poor family and a poor people behind.

　　 ▲ Jinggangshan Shenshan Village, villagers are communicating at the entrance of the village. Photography Jiangxi Daily reporter Hong Xiaobo

　　 After four years, another small year is coming. We drove along the winding Panshan Highway to Shenshan Village. There is a busy scene in the village, and everyone is nervously preparing for the annual village reunion dinner. The children danced happily, while the adults were busy, exchanging their harvests in the past year and their plans for the coming year. There was laughter everywhere.

　　 “1、2、3… … 176, there are 176 people eating New Year’s Eve this year. " Peng Zhanyang, a young village party secretary, counted the number of people one by one. "Well, there are 8 more people than last year!" He said.

　　 "Four years ago, among the 231 people in the village, the young descendants all went out, and only 38 old people and children guarded these 37 adobe houses. Who would have thought that in the past four years, the big guys have returned to the village one after another!" Lai Zhicheng, deputy secretary of the village branch, said happily.

　　 ▲ UAV aerial photography of Jinggangshan Shenshan Village Highway. Photography Jiangxi Daily reporter Hong Xiaobo

　　 Speaking of the past, Peng Shuisheng, a 79-year-old branch secretary, remembered the long-standing jingle in the village — — "There are women who don’t marry Shenshanlang, and Shenshan is a poor place; Sweet potatoes and sweet potatoes are the staple food, and young children flow abroad. " He said: "In those days, everyone who could go out left, and we called this ‘ Escape from the mountain ’ 。”

　　 Shenshan Village is located in the depths of Xiashan Mountain in Huang Yangjie, with only 5 fields per capita. No matter how well the fields are managed, they can barely make a living. The memory of poverty is rooted in the hearts of people in Shenshan Village from generation to generation. Escaping from the mountains has also become a common choice for the villagers.

　　 "Don’t go out can have what way? In the past, there was not even a decent road in the village. Although there were many bamboos on the mountain, the chopped bamboos had to be carried down by shoulders one by one. " Lai Fuqiao, 70, recalled: "In order to make some living money at home, every household in the village made bamboo chopsticks. After they were finished, they had to climb the mountain road for more than an hour to carry them out to sell. In the end, 100 pairs of chopsticks could only earn 2 yuan 30 cents, and many families earned less than 3,000 yuan a year."

　　 "In order to earn more money, the descendants in the village all went out to work, leaving us old guys to keep the mountain. At least, I was alone in this half of the mountain, and I didn’t even have anyone to talk to all day. I was very lonely. " Standing at the door of the house, 76-year-old Hu Yubao raised his arm and drew a half circle towards several houses on the hillside nearby.

　　 大山阻隔了神山村的发展，让神山村落下了“穷根”。2015年，神山村被评为省级贫困村，全村54户人家中，21户是建档立卡贫困户。

　　 ▲ The new look of Shenshan Village in Jinggangshan. Photography Jiangxi Daily reporter Hong Xiaobo

　　 “是习总书记把我们神山村人的心点燃了。2016年的春节，大家只要聚在一起，就是商量如何发展，心气从来没这么齐过，劲头也从来没这么足过。”彭展阳说。这个春节后，彭展阳辞掉了一份年收入20多万元的工作，回村创业，后来被选为村支部书记。他说：“虽然现在每月工资只有2000多元，但我们不能辜负习总书记的期望，一定要带着大家把村子发展起来！”

　　 ▲ The new look of Shenshan Village in Jinggangshan. Photography Jiangxi Daily reporter Hong Xiaobo

　　 越来越多精准扶贫的举措，加上越来越多回村创业的神山村人，让神山村“神气”了起来。

　　 村里的土地经过流转，460多亩种上了黄桃树、200多亩种上了茶树。21户贫困户都成了黄桃、茶叶合作社的“股东”，每年单是分红就有3000多元。

　　 5米多宽的盘山公路修通了，路灯也亮了，井冈山上的旅游大巴，顺着宽阔的新路开进村里来了。2019年，来神山村参观的游客达32万多人次。

　　 "Xiaohua, our farmhouse is understaffed, come back and help my parents!" Peng Shuisheng, the old township party secretary, called Peter Peng, the youngest son who works in a porcelain factory outside the mountain, back.

　　 Three brothers, Peng Changliang, Peng Qingliang and Peng Deliang, who have worked in Zhejiang, Guangdong and other places for more than 10 years, have started farmhouse music, keeping bees and selling honey, "Jinggang Hongshenshan Tea" and self-made "Shenliang Bamboo Wine", and their annual income has exceeded 400,000 yuan.

　　 Luo Linhui and Luo Lingen, two brothers, returned to the village from Longshi Town at the foot of the mountain, and opened a "tourist supermarket" at their doorstep, specializing in Shenshan local products, with an annual income of more than 200,000 yuan.

　　 The descendants who fled the mountain returned to the village, started their own businesses and became rich, showing their magical powers and attracting more people back to the village. The "census" of the resident population of village committees shows: 38 in 2016, 73 in 2017, 168 in 2018 and 176 in 2019 — — It has increased by 138 people in four years.

　　 "It’s good to come back. I’m not lonely anymore." Talking about changes, the old man Hu Yubao said: "The biggest change is that people talk anytime and anywhere." On the side, Peng Shuisheng gave a thumbs up: "I didn’t expect the afterlife in the village, and there are really many talented people!"

　　 The younger generation came back, and with the support of party committees and governments at all levels, the lives of people in Shenshan Village became richer.

　　 ▲ Peng Xiaying and Zhang Chengde, villagers of Shenshan Village in Jinggangshan, cook for their guests in their own farmhouses. At present, there are 21 farmhouses in the village. Photography Jiangxi Daily reporter Hong Xiaobo

　　 During the break, Peng Zhanyang sat with several villagers and made an "inventory" with his fingers broken: "One, two, three … … Since 2016, 22 villages have bought new houses in the city, 37 adobe houses have been reinforced and painted, the number of cars has increased from 7 to 39, and the number of farmhouses has increased from 0 to 21. "

　　 Li Shilong, an accountant of the village committee, added: "Four years ago, the per capita income in our village was only 3,000 yuan, but now it is 22,000 yuan. In the past, our village collective income was zero, and we didn’t have to do any accounts, but now it is 380,000 yuan."

　　 More changes are brewing!

　　 At the beginning of 2019, a company in Jinggangshan City took a fancy to Shenshan Village and invested more than 10 million yuan to build a rural revitalization research base in Shenshan Village. At present, the research base with a total area of more than 1000 square meters has been capped and can be put into trial operation after the Spring Festival. "After the research base is built, the research tourism, farmhouse music and homestay in Shenshan Village can be transformed into scale and standardization." Peng Zhanyang introduced.

　　 When we came down the mountain, we saw Tang Chao, the head of the tea cooperative, standing at the gate of the village Committee, giving dividends to 21 poor households’ "shareholders". 21 red gift bags filled with cash were placed on the table, and smiles bloomed on the villagers’ faces.

　　 Deep in the mountains, the chill still attacks people. But people’s hearts are already steaming!

　　 ▲ The new look of Shenshan Village in Jinggangshan. Photography Jiangxi Daily reporter Hong Xiaobo

Execution linkage, smashing inter-provincial fake wine criminal gangs

—— On-the-spot report on the case of investigating and handling the production and sale of counterfeit "Niulanshan" registered trademark liquor in Haining, Zhejiang Province

China Quality News Network News "The manufacture and sale of fake wine not only infringes on the trademark rights of merchants, but also brings food safety risks, which is extremely harmful to society and must not be tolerated!" After half a year’s careful investigation, Haining Public Security Bureau of Zhejiang Province and Haining Market Supervision Bureau jointly acted, and recently successfully destroyed an inter-provincial criminal gang that produced and sold counterfeit "Niulanshan" registered trademark liquor, and arrested 22 suspects, involving a total amount of 10,000 yuan in Wu Bai.

Winery counterfeiting provides clues

At the beginning of 2021, Xinyoutai Liquor Industry, a distributor of Niulanshan Winery in Haining, contacted the Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Team of Haining Municipal Market Supervision Bureau (hereinafter referred to as the Law Enforcement Team), saying that there may be counterfeit "Niulanshan" liquor in Haining, but the specific situation is unknown, and there is neither direct evidence nor directional clues. After receiving the clue provided by the dealer, the comprehensive law enforcement team decided, through research and analysis, to keep continuous attention on the clue, strengthen daily supervision and inspection, and gradually grasp the first-hand situation through targeted troubleshooting.

Suspected fake wine "appears" in the construction site canteen

On March 16th, law enforcement officers of Huangwan Market Supervision Institute of Haining Municipal Market Supervision Bureau inspected the canteen of a construction site in Jianshan New District and found that the canteen was suspected of operating without a license, so they conducted on-site evidence collection according to law. In the process of obtaining evidence, law enforcement officers, as usual,the sameInspected, but paid special attention to the sales of "Niulanshan" liquor. The "Niulanshan" liquor in the canteen is placed on a small shelf far from the door. After inspection, law enforcement officers felt that there was something wrong: there was no difference between the packaging boxes and bottle labels of these wines and genuine Niulanshan liquor, and the outer packaging was printed with "Niulanshan aged liquor" and marked with "net alcohol content of 42% vol: 500ml, production date: 201910202, place of origin: Langfang City, Hebei Province (2), entrusted party: Chengdu production base of Niulanshan Distillery of Beijing Shunxin Agricultural Co., Ltd.". However, law enforcement officers felt that the wine was slightly different from the common Niulanshan. Combined with previous clues, law enforcement officers suspected that the wine was not genuine. After on-site inquiry, the parties prevaricated and could not tell the source. Law enforcement officers took measures to register and preserve 137 bottles of liquor in advance.

A self-proclaimed "Niulanshan" liquor agent surfaced.

Law enforcement officers contacted Niulanshan Distillery of Beijing Shunxin Agricultural Co., Ltd., the trademark registrant of Niulanshan, through Xinyoutai Liquor Industry. After identification, the above-mentioned liquor was not produced by the company, but was indeed a counterfeit product. Law enforcement officers seized 137 bottles of "fake wine" according to law.

After obtaining the appraisal result of the manufacturer, the law enforcement officers further inquired about the operator of the canteen. "When you purchase goods, did you check the agent qualification of the other party and check the business license and business license of the other party?" "No." At this time, the canteen operator truthfully confessed: "In January, an agent who claimed to be’ Niulanshan’ liquor came to our store to sell it and said that it could be delivered to the door. It was a little cheaper than others, and we believed that he had entered his wine." In addition, during the inspection, law enforcement officers found that other nearby snack bars for migrant workers were also supplied by this person. According to the judgment of the confession law enforcement officers, the dealers of counterfeit liquor aimed at specific sales targets and made targeted door-to-door sales. The counterfeit liquor flowing into the market was definitely not limited to the number that had been detained, and immediately decided to inform the law enforcement team of the clues of the case. After receiving the notification, the law enforcement team immediately organized law enforcement personnel to conduct a comprehensive network investigation in the incident area. Through the network-pulling investigation, they gradually grasped the micro-signal of the dealer and the preliminary illegal clues.

Cross-provincial network arrest, criminal gangs caught the gang.

The law enforcement team conducted the preliminary investigation through the micro-signal of the self-proclaimed "Niulanshan" dealer. After the preliminary investigation, the relevant case materials were officially handed over to the public security department. The Haining Public Security Bureau set up a task force, and through the dealers of the fake wine gang in Haining, they tracked down their dealers in Jiaxing, Zheng Motao, Yan Momin, Zhou Moufei, Zheng Mouhui, a dealer in Zhejiang Province, Tang Mobin, a dealer in other counties and cities in Jiaxing, a logistics service department of Xu Shui, a manufacturer of a wine company in Hebei and a wine company in Baoding. On December 2, 2020, Haining Public Security Bureau dispatched more than 90 law enforcement officers to arrest members of locked criminal gangs. On the same day, 21 suspects were arrested.

After investigation, the cost price of a bottle of counterfeit liquor is about 3 yuan. After a multi-layer selling network, it finally flows into the canteen, and the price is more than 10 yuan per bottle. Haining City Market Supervision Bureau attached great importance to the clues of the case, quickly pulled the net for investigation, promptly handed it over to the public security, and fully cooperated with the investigation. After half a year, the case of producing and selling counterfeit "Niulanshan" registered trademark liquor was finally solved. Niulanshan Winery of Beijing Shunxin Agricultural Co., Ltd., the owner of Niulanshan brand, would like to thank the Municipal Public Security Bureau and the relevant case-handling agencies of the Municipal Market Supervision Bureau for presenting pennants respectively. (Source: Haining Market Supervision)