The first-generation domestic bus ＂May 7th＂ reappears, and the top speed of rivers and lakes is 55 kilometers per hour.
People who lived in Beijing from 1970s to 1990s will never forget the red and white "May 7th" bus. This type of bus has been eliminated by the times, but now it only appears in old movies, old photos and people’s minds. Yesterday, Beijing Youth Daily reporter learned that there are actually two "May 7th" buses, which are treasured by fans in Beijing Classic Car Museum. The oldest bus among the two brothers was used for the operation of No.8 bus. After a year of renovation, these two grandfathers’ buses can now be on the road, with a top speed of 55 km/h.
find
"May 7th" bus appeared in Huairou.
In the 1970s and 1980s, the classic red and white "May 7th" bus was the memory of many Beijing residents. There were not many motor vehicles in those days, and buses and bicycles were the main scenic spots in the city. People from all walks of life took photos intentionally or unintentionally in front of the bus and were kept in old photos. No one imagined that such a bus could appear on the streets of Beijing again.
Recently, the reporter of Beiqing Daily learned from bus fans that the only bus in China "May 7th" is now in the Beijing Classic Car Museum, enjoying the treatment of cultural relics. And it has been repaired by many bus fans, which not only restores the original appearance, but also restores the function of driving, and can run to 55 km/h on the road!
Yesterday, the reporter of Beiqing Daily saw the restored "May 7th" bus in Huairou Classic Car Museum. This existing "May 7th" bus was produced in 1965 and is now 59 years old. The repaired bus is as classic bright red and milky white as it was when it was young. Different from the current bus, it has striking white lights, a whole grille for heat dissipation in front of the car, and a beautiful arc at the top of the car body. Beijing People’s Automobile Company and vehicle number 1-153 are printed on the car body.
The interior layout of the bus body is also very different from the current bus. In the late 1950s, the bus had no air conditioning and could only be ventilated through the window. The design of the window is quite exquisite. The front windshield at the driver’s place is similar to the current residential glass, and the upper end of the window can be ventilated. The window above the passenger seat is hand-operated, and the lift of the window can be controlled by the handle. Passengers’ seats and floors are made of wood. Many parts of the car are also very distinctive. For example, in the past, the bus did not have turn signals, and the steering facilities were located in the car, which required the driver to shake his hand to signal the rear car when turning. The top light of the roof lighting is red and white, which mainly prevents the reflection of pure white light from affecting the driver’s line of sight … …
Every part of this "May 7th" bus, Tian Jian, the driver of No.51 bus of Passenger No.1 Branch of Bus Group, and Wu Ge, the editor of China Auto News, are just a few treasures. It was they who turned this "May 7th" bus from scrap iron in the construction site into the oldest existing first-generation passenger car orphan.
treasure hunt
Found "May 7th Style" on the construction site.
Around 2000, the "May 7th" bus was gradually abandoned, and bus fans began to look for early buses everywhere. In 2007, persistent bus fans finally found this "May 7th" bus at a construction site in the Qingta area.
But the joy of seeing the old bus was soon diluted by its ruin. According to Tian Jian, a bus fan, when it was first discovered, there was only an empty shelf, and almost all the parts in the car disappeared. "The surface of the car is dilapidated and rusty everywhere. The engine, instrument panel and seat in the car are also gone. "
After the bus was scrapped, it flowed into private hands, moved to the construction site, and was used as a shed by workers, who slept in the car and placed some daily necessities. All kinds of mechanical parts in the car are gradually broken or disappeared. After discovering this car, Tian Jian, Angkor and other bus fans have been trying to buy it and contact the acceptance place. I don’t want this bus to disappear again because of the migration of the construction site on the way to contact. It was not until more than four years later that bus fans rediscovered it at a construction site near Shangzhuang Reservoir.
"At first, when we found it, the identity card of the bus, that is, the nameplate with the production date and technical parameters of this car, was still there. We took photos excitedly, but when we found it again, the bronze medal disappeared."
After repeated communication, Tian Jian found Luo Wenyou, the curator of Beijing Classic Car Museum. Luo is a car lover, and he soon saw the cultural value of this car. After many times of coordination with the owner, we finally won the "junk" that outsiders thought at the purchase price of 10 thousand yuan.
update
The restoration work lasted for one year.
After the baby arrived in 2012, Tian Jian, Wu Ge and others hired a trailer of a professional trailer company to pull the "May 7th" bus to Huairou. The restoration began in May 2013. To this end, bus fans set up a professional repair group. Angkor is responsible for purchasing needed parts; Tian Jian, who has more than ten years of vehicle repair foundation, became a repairman; Wang Chen, an electrician of the second branch of the bus group, became an electrician and repaired all the circuits and power supply facilities of the bus; Two repairmen of the curator of the classic car museum are responsible for the construction; Lin Yao, a bus fan whose staff is an art teacher, is responsible for painting the words of the car body; A bus fan who lives in Mentougou works as a logistics staff, purchasing food for the decoration team and taking charge of the beauty of the repaired bus … …
Things are far from as simple as the members of the repair team think. For the "May 7th" bus, the members of the repair team know almost nothing. In order to restore this bus, Angkor spent half a year searching for information and purchasing parts through various channels. Because the facilities in the car have disappeared, it is difficult to restore many parts without the original drawings and dimensions. "I really tried my best at that time. Later, I found a compilation of bus information in the National Library, which contained some drawings of this bus."
With drawings, construction is extremely difficult. Angkor scoured all kinds of old parts from the Internet, auto parts shops and bus employees. "These old parts are very difficult to find. Once found, you have to buy several spare parts. Most of the components have been discontinued. " Finally, Wu Ge bought parts of the vehicle’s braking system, lamps, oil-water separators and other accessories, and spent nearly 10,000 yuan on his own.
It is easy to install, but it is very difficult to make old parts work. Tian Jian told the reporter of Beiqing Daily that, for example, the driver’s dashboard was made of iron sheets purchased first, and then hand-made by the repairman a little bit; The passenger’s seat is designed according to the proportion of the photo, and then an old chair is found in the warehouse of the bus company and made according to the appearance of the old chair.
It is worth mentioning that in addition to the spare parts, the appearance characteristics of the bus are also painstakingly recovered. Wu Ge introduced, "The bronze medal on the bus and the font painted on the body are not in the current computer font, because they were all artificially developed at that time. Later, it was a mold made of cardboard by one of our art professional bus fans, and then it was sprayed. "
车上的亮红色油漆也并非随意，他们请教了老公交师傅、生产企业的师傅，逐步恢复了车上的面板和上面的喷漆。“当时喷漆也都是人工，并没有精准的色系色号，后来只能凭借记忆和资料尽量恢复了。”吴戈说。车辆路号也根据资料恢复为8路。
由于修复组成员都有本职工作，修复工作职能在周末进行，加上没有先例，整个修复工作耗时将近一年。
复活
车辆已恢复运营标准
2013年前后，“五七式”公交车修复成功。差不多同时，一辆生产于1972年9月的二代BK640B公交车也被修复。目前，这两辆公交车均被收藏在怀柔老爷车博物馆。第二代公交车因为年轻，恢复起来困难要小很多。据不完全统计，这两辆公交车是目前中国仅存的中国自主研发的第一代客车。
更令人惊讶的是，这两辆公交车不仅仅是样子上复活了，在功能上也获得了新生。改造标准全部按照可以“运营”进行。改装后，这两辆公交车的最高时速可达到55公里/小时，完全恢复了当年运营时的水准。
“我们开这辆车在怀柔跑过，当时大家以为拍电视剧呢。如果在天安门前门跑一圈，绝对能吓到人。”吴戈笑着说。
However, although these two buses have been resurrected, Tian Jian still has a dream in his heart. "Now it looks like an old bus to a layman, but our energy and financial resources are limited. The appearance and painting of the cars have not been perfected, and they have not yet been perfectly restored. If a car manufacturer sponsors from a professional perspective, they can basically return to their original appearance without spending too much. "
Because of their preciousness, these two buses have also participated in many TV dramas, and the careful audience can find it in TV dramas such as Under the Zhengyangmen.
Text/reporter Liu Wei Photography/reporter Huang Liang
Lead providing/Mr. Zhang
background information
China automobile industry started in 1956.
In July 1956, after the first medium-sized truck of Jiefang CA10 rolled off the assembly line, it was declared that China had the ability to produce cars independently.
In 1957, the bus design based on the assembly of Jiefang truck was successful. Today, China has become the largest bus producer in the world, and its products are sold overseas.
In 1957, Beijing and Shanghai produced two self-designed bus products, both of which were named "Model 57", based on the assembly of Jiefang CA10 and referring to foreign models. Among them, "BK640" bus, which was developed by Beijing Trolley Car Factory and produced by No.4 Factory of Beijing Automobile Repair Company, has been adopted in many cities in China because of its more reasonable and modern design, and has become a model bus produced by many bus manufacturers since then, which can be called the originator of China bus industry.
The BK640 bus was finalized in December 1957, so it is called "Type 57" or "Type Beijing 1".
Since 1958, mass production has been carried out by the fourth branch of Beijing Automobile Repair Factory. The appearance of BK640 bus is designed with big rounded corners, and it is equipped with two pneumatic doors with double inner swings. The vehicle is painted with light yellow and bright red. After mass production, the model was put into operation on 3, 7, 10, 15 and some long-distance lines, replacing some old imported buses. Some 640 buses have towed small trailers and put them into lines with large passenger flow to alleviate the shortage of capacity.
In 1974, BK640 bus stopped production, and a total of 1549 buses were produced.
After successfully producing BK640 bus, No.4 Factory of Beijing Automobile Repair Company designed and produced an improved model of BK640 bus in 1970 — — BK640B。 The car is also produced with the assembly of Jiefang CA10B truck. Combined with the problems exposed in the use of BK640 bus, many details have been improved. The appearance of BK640B bus was once praised by Premier Zhou as "a big square".