2014 College Entrance Examination Time and Subject Arrangement
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Basic ability test 9: 00-11: 00
The cruelest human body modification experiment in American history： twin babies were forced to change sex.
Speaking of transsexual surgery, it is no stranger to contemporary people.
With the development of science and technology and the improvement of human self-awareness, more and more transgender people use transsexual surgery to eliminate their physical and psychological pain caused by gender cognitive differences.
With the help of this kind of medical means, many of them have changed their growing experience of being misunderstood and discriminated against.
As the most recognized transgender in China,
Venus said: "I belong to the human part!
Gender is only my free choice. "
However, when transsexual surgery is not voluntary, will it bring the same result?
A warm and ordinary twin family, because of an accident, one of the boys was forced to undergo sexual organ transformation and become a girl when he was only 22 months old.
As a result, this "involuntary transsexual experiment" led by Dr. Harvard completely changed the fate of this family, leaving the two children in this family in a tangled gender cognition for the rest of their lives, and eventually they were broken and withered due to depression and mental breakdown. …
Horrible involuntary transsexual experiment
The story begins with a pair of Canadian twins, one named Bruce and the other named Brian, who were born on August 22nd, 1965.
Mothers and healthy twins
When they were just over half a year old, it was found that the foreskin was too long, which made it difficult to urinate, so the mother took her two babies to the hospital for circumcision.
Unfortunately, the medical technology was not developed at that time, and an accident happened in the middle of the operation. My brother Bruce’s genitals were burned completely by the electrocautery needle used in the operation.
Even now, reconstructing the lost male genitalia is still a high-risk operation for the newborn baby, so the doctor admits that Bruce’s injury is irreparable.
Mother is very sad and can only seek medical advice everywhere, hoping to save her children. Just when the husband and wife were on the verge of despair, they found Dr. john manny from the famous Johns Hopkins University in the United States.
John William Money,
The picture comes from Google.
This expert who focuses on research and psychology is often active in major TV programs, so he is quite famous. In the face of the help of the two couples, the doctor vowed that as long as the husband and wife are willing to help, he may help Bruce harvest a healthy life.
In john manny’s research field, he highly praised the "gender neutrality theory", believing that children have no concept of gender when they are born, and all their knowledge of gender comes from acquired education and environment. If children are "gender redistributed" when they are very young, and they are trained and educated, then they can get rid of their previous gender orientation.
In order to prove his theory, john manny did everything he could. At first, he tried to do a controlled experiment with bisexual people, and in order to get data to support his theory, he did not hesitate to falsify the experimental data.
However, people don’t pay for his experimental results, because bisexual people are vague about their own gender cognition, and with the influence of the day after tomorrow, it is indeed possible to have a bias towards a certain gender, so it is not universal.
The picture comes from Google.
Although john manny was frustrated by the result, he was helpless. Until he met the desperate Bruce couple.
Two same-sex twin babies, one maintaining the original sex and the other undergoing sex-change surgery, can form a perfect control group, and can also exclude the influence of some external uncertain factors, such as family factors and uterine environment. For john manny, this is simply a "godsend".
He quickly found the Bruce couple and persuaded them to let their two children participate in the experiment. He said that as long as he rebuilt his vagina, transformed Bruce into a girl and instilled the concept that he was a girl from an early age, he could become a woman!
This seems ridiculous now, but it has become the only lifeline for desperate parents. In order to make Bruce have a healthy and complete childhood, they accepted the doctor’s advice.
At this time, Bruce, who was only 22 months old, had sex replacement surgery, removed his testicles, changed from "he" to "she" and had a new name Brenda.
The picture comes from the Daily Mail.
After the transsexual operation, john manny injected Brenda with estrogen regularly.
At first, Brenda looked just like an ordinary girl, and her parents always took care of him as a "little girl" and instilled the idea that "you are a girl" in Brenda.
In this process, in order to stimulate Brenda’s female cognition, john manny adopted a series of operations that can be called "abnormal", such as showing Brenda naked photos of herself and her brother Brian, showing the completely different reproductive organs of men and women; Browse photos of women giving birth to baby girls and so on.
The picture comes from the Daily Mail.
In this way, until he was nine years old, john manny couldn’t wait to publish an article announcing that his experiment had been successful. However, he concealed the process of the experiment, and he didn’t mention anything about the adverse effects of the experiment and the psychological trauma caused to the two children.
After the article was published, it was supported and embraced by many people. Everyone went to Brenda’s home to interview, investigate and study, and the family’s life was forced to be placed in the attention of everyone.
Pictures come from the Internet.
Although everyone thinks Brenda is a girl, he has obvious "masculinity" from beginning to end. He likes to play with boys, solve problems by force, and prefer toys to dolls.
Moreover, since kindergarten, he has been mischievous and is the "king of problems" in the class. These personality characteristics show that Brenda is still a "boy" at heart, although her appearance has changed.
Pictures come from the Internet.
Because the original operation was not complete, with the growth of age, Brenda inevitably appeared some male characteristics, such as Adam’s apple and obvious muscles. The students around him gradually felt that he was different and crowded him out.
Brenda spent a long, lonely and self-abased youth in deep self-doubt.
Pictures come from the Internet.
After entering adolescence, Manny asked Brenda to have another artificial vagina operation, but Brenda had serious doubts about her gender cognition at this moment, so she was very resistant and unwilling to undergo the operation.
In the repeated struggle and self-doubt, the poor child suffered from severe depression and once tried to commit suicide. He didn’t know whether he was "him" or "her". Why are you so different from others? I don’t understand why everyone is asking him to be a "gentle and lovely" ordinary girl.
Watching his son fall into the dilemma of self-awareness and lose his happy smile bit by bit, his parents decided to stop the experiment and not force Brenda to inject estrogen or undergo sex modification surgery, and told Brenda the secret that had been hidden for 13 years.
He felt more relieved after being shocked, because his uniqueness finally found the answer.
Pictures come from the Internet.
Brenda gradually became cheerful and began to accept her identity as a "male". At the age of 16, he underwent penile reconstruction, changed his name to David Reimer.
At the age of 23, he got married and became the stepfather of three children.
Pictures come from the Internet.
However, after learning what happened to my brother, my brother Brian felt very unacceptable and his relationship with his brother deteriorated.
Growing up, he felt that Brenda had taken away all the attention from his parents and the outside world, which made him irritable. Later, he left this world sadly because he took too many antidepressants.
Pictures come from the Internet.
David didn’t finish his studies when he was a child, and his life was not smooth when he grew up. Later, he was cheated of money and was devastated. Looking at his broken family and his declining family, he chose to commit suicide.
At the age of 38, he shot himself. The bullet went through the temple, tore the brain stem fiercely and quickly, and took away his life. This devastated boy died in his car.
The distance between science and human nature
In fact, in history, so-called "scientists" like Manny who carried out terrorist experiments on human bodies under the guise of science abound, and they all brought serious psychological and physical trauma to the experimenters without exception.
The blind worship of science blurs the boundary between basic ethics and human nature.
Paul Feyerabend, an American philosopher of science, said in his book Against Methods: An Outline of Anarchism: "Science is conspicuous, grandstanding and rude. Only those who have decided to support a certain ideology, or those who have accepted science but have never examined its superiority and boundaries, will think that science is inherently superior."
The elite said that they had written the story of ——John B. Watson, an American behaviorist (click on the link: the parenting law that was once popular in the United States spread in China, and the experimental baby was devastated physically and mentally. Maybe your child is being cheated …). Watson conducted a series of gruesome experiments on the little boy "Albert" to prove his "crying immunity" education method, which was later called the most immoral experiment of psychology in the early twentieth century.
Pictures come from the Internet.
Watson hopes to apply what Pavlov learned from his research on dogs to people by observing Albert’s reaction. He constantly cultivates children’s fear of certain things and tests whether this fear can be transferred to other objects.
John B Watson wears a Santa mask to scare the baby.
In the experiment, little Albert was constantly frightened, and all he could give was to open his eyes in horror and cry … By the end of the experiment, the child’s expression was almost dull.
Pictures come from the Internet.
But like john manny, these "scientists" who focus on research never think that what they did led to the tragedy. Even though the experiments were widely criticized and criticized by the outside world, they themselves did not accept any punishment.
On September 25th, 1958, Waston died alone in Connecticut. Before his death, he burned all the unpublished scientific research results. Perhaps it was not until the end of his life that he realized his disregard and annihilation of human nature, and he began to question the truth he had always believed in through repeated destruction and destruction.
Pictures come from the Internet.
The evil in this world has many forms, even far beyond our imagination.
Time and time again, scientists have made selfish research, and one baby after another has been victimized by experiments. All this should not have happened. …
Science is rational, serious and even cold, but human beings are not. Whether it is extreme human experiments or genetic modification that touches the boundaries of life, if we abandon the most basic concern for human nature, it may lead to unpredictable tragic consequences.
Original title: "The most cruel human body transformation experiment in American history: Twin babies were forced to change sex, and an accident ruined two lives! 》
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The 70th anniversary of FAW Bus, the events between me and the bus, the feelings ｜ ＂clothes and clothes＂, ＂love＂ bus for 26 years.
The 70th anniversary of FAW Bus, those things between me and the bus, those things.
In 2022
FAW Bus celebrates its 70th birthday.
After 70 years of hurricane and rain, I moved forward.
With the development of public transport in Guangzhou
It also witnessed the changes of Guangzhou city.
In the early stage, FAW Bus was launched.
"From generation to generation, you will live up to your youth."
Those things about me and the bus, those love works collection activities
Many citizens actively participate.
Share the friendship, love and affection on the bus with us.
Or a once-in-a-lifetime memory
Tell in words
FAW Bus has accompanied Guangzhou people through 70 years.
Today we share with you.
Old objects treasured by bus people.
"Clothes don’t give up", "Love" bus for 26 years
Guo Guiquan, former retired conductor of Route 69.
In 1996, I joined FAW Bus as a professional driver, and regarded the small bus as a big stage in my life. In more than 20 years of working, I have always been meticulous in vehicle maintenance, technical inspection of safety parts, ensuring that the vehicle is in good condition and providing high-quality and safe services for passengers. As a bus driver, I always go out early and come back late, and spend most of my time on the bus. However, I adhere to the purpose of taking the car as my home and taking the car as my pleasure, and not only have I accomplished the task assigned by the company well, but also won the honorary titles of "advanced individual" and "income expert".
"Collection"
work clothes
I cherish this relationship with the bus industry very much. During the years when I joined the bus service, I carefully treasured everything related to it, whether it was work clothes or a small badge. Whenever I open these "collections", I am as happy as a senior "bus fan", and the scenes of busy and hard work on the bus stage in recent years come into view again.
Guo Guiquan, former retired conductor of Route 69.
"Meticulous, serious and responsible" is my motto. I strive to be perfect and handle it in an orderly way whether I take care of my collection or face my daily life, and various honorary certificates issued by the company are the best affirmation of my work for more than 20 years. The persistence, concentration, persistence and preciseness I am pursuing have witnessed the enthusiasm of the older generation of bus people for their work and their enthusiasm for serving the masses.
Original title: "The 70th anniversary of FAW Bus, what happened between me and the bus |" Clothes and clothes ","Love "bus for 26 years"
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Supreme Leader： ＂Double Control Action＂ is a hard measure.
During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, a series of hard measures must be taken to promote the construction of ecological civilization and solve the problems of tight resource constraints, serious environmental pollution and ecosystem degradation, and only by doing real work can it be effective. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out in the explanation of the planning proposal of the Fifth Plenary Session: "It is a hard measure to implement the action of controlling the total amount and intensity of energy and water resources consumption and construction land. That is to say, it is necessary to control both the total amount and the energy consumption, water consumption and the intensity of construction land per unit of GDP. If this work is done well, it will not only save energy and water and soil resources, reduce pollutant emissions from the source, but also force the transformation of economic development mode and improve the green level of China’s economic development. " The Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China adopted at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People’s Congress well embodies this idea, and puts forward the action of "controlling the total amount and intensity of energy and water resources consumption and construction land". Please learn with "Learn China".
Pictured: The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) was held in Beijing from October 26 to 29, 2015. The General Secretary of the Central Committee and the Supreme Leader made an important speech.
First, dual control of energy consumption
Energy is the source of power for modern economic growth and an important material basis for the sustainable development and security of national economy. With the rapid development of China’s economy and the continuous expansion of its economic aggregate, the process of industrialization and urbanization is also accelerating, energy consumption is increasing rapidly, and environmental degradation is also increasing. Under the constraint of energy and environment, to maintain the rapid and sustainable development of economy, we must build a safe, stable and environmentally friendly modern energy consumption system. At the meeting of the Central Leading Group for Finance and Economics held on June 14th, 2014, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Resolutely control the total energy consumption, effectively implement the priority policy of energy conservation, make energy conservation run through the whole process of economic and social development and all fields, firmly adjust the industrial structure, attach great importance to energy conservation in urbanization, establish the concept of diligence and thrift, and accelerate the formation of an energy-saving society."
Implementing total energy consumption control is an important strategy in China. In the past few decades, large-scale energy consumption has provided upward momentum for economic growth. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, China’s total energy consumption increased from 2.36 billion tons of standard coal in 2005 to 3.25 billion tons in 2010, with an average annual growth rate of 6.6%. During the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, although energy consumption was controlled, it still showed an overall growth trend. According to the statistical bulletin on national economic and social development in 2015 issued by the National Bureau of Statistics, the total energy consumption in 2015 was 4.3 billion tons of standard coal, up by 0.9% over the previous year. At present, China is changing from ensuring supply to controlling energy consumption, and open energy production and consumption will be restricted. In particular, high energy-consuming industries and surplus industries are subject to strong constraints on total energy consumption control, and other industries are subject to strong constraints according to advanced energy efficiency standards. From the perspective of national policy, the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" and medium-and long-term total control will continue. According to the National Energy Strategic Action Plan (2014-2020), by 2020, the total primary energy consumption will be controlled at about 4.8 billion tons of standard coal and the total coal consumption will be controlled at about 4.2 billion tons. The "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" outlines: "The total energy consumption should be controlled within 5 billion tons of standard coal." Controlling the total energy consumption is actually the total consumption of coal and oil,Especially to reduce the proportion of coal consumption. In particular, strictly control the energy consumption of steel, cement, thermal power and other high energy-consuming industries and surplus industries, so that the total energy consumption of these industries will only decrease rather than increase.
The index to measure the efficiency of regional energy utilization is mainly the intensity of energy consumption, that is, the energy consumption per unit of GDP. The higher the intensity of energy consumption, the lower the efficiency of energy utilization, otherwise, the higher the efficiency of energy utilization. The change of energy consumption intensity reflects the change of energy consumption structure on the one hand; On the other hand, it also reflects the change of industrial structure. Premier Li Keqiang pointed out in his 2016 government work report that during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period, "the energy consumption per unit of GDP decreased by 18.2%, and the discharge of major pollutants decreased by more than 12%." The goal of the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period is to reduce energy consumption per unit of GDP by 15%.
Dual control of total energy consumption and energy intensity is an inevitable choice under the current economic restructuring, industrial upgrading and transformation, and air pollution control. We can’t wait for the peak of energy consumption to come naturally, so we have to take the initiative to regulate and break our wrists. From the perspective of energy management itself, to implement the goal of dual control, we must first change the demand-oriented energy production mode and turn to two-way management of demand side and supply side, improve energy utilization efficiency, ensure rational use of energy, encourage energy conservation, control excessive use of energy and limit extensive use of energy. In macroeconomic management, we should continue to increase the adjustment of industrial structure, speed up the development of modern service industry and cultivate and develop strategic emerging industries while transforming and upgrading traditional manufacturing industries. According to relevant research, if the secondary industry is reduced by one percentage point and the tertiary industry is increased by one percentage point, the energy consumption per unit GDP can be reduced by one percentage point. Obviously, the adjustment of industrial structure is the most effective measure to control the total energy and improve energy efficiency. The Outline of the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan puts forward: "Deepen the energy revolution, focus on promoting the transformation of energy production and utilization, optimize the energy supply structure, improve energy utilization efficiency, and build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient modern energy system."
Review and Prospect of World Economic Situation in 2014-2015
In 2014, the global economic recovery was basically consolidated, the labor market continued to improve, prices fell steadily, and the level of public debt was generally stable. At the same time, the differentiation of economic growth rate of various economies has intensified, and international trade and foreign direct investment are still in a low-speed growth channel, lacking growth momentum. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) predicts that the world economic growth rate in 2014 will be 3.3% in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP) and 2.6% in terms of market exchange rate, which is 0.3 percentage points and 0.4 percentage points lower than its forecast data in October 2013, respectively. Considering the protracted crisis in Ukraine and the economic sanctions imposed on Russia by western countries, the spread of Ebola epidemic in West Africa and the continuous tension and turmoil in the Middle East, especially the fact that some major economies are facing increasing downward pressure and the time lag of stimulus policies, it is not excluded that the final statistical result of the world economic growth rate in 2014 will be lower than the current IMF estimate.
Review of the overall situation of the world economy in 2014
In order to comprehensively reflect the overall development of the world economy in 2014, the analysis of this report will be carried out from five aspects: economic growth, employment situation, price level, trade and investment, and public debt.
I. Growth: The recovery is slow and the growth rate is divided.
In 2014, the world economy generally continued the slow recovery of the previous year, and the economic growth rate was lower than generally expected, and the growth rate differentiation of various economies intensified. According to the forecast data of IMF in October, the world economic growth rate in 2014 was 3.3%, which was the same as that in 2013. The economic growth rate of developed economies is 1.8%. Among them, the US economic recovery was consolidated, with an increase of 2.2%; The euro zone economy reversed the negative growth of last year and increased by 0.8%; Japan’s economy declined, growing by 0.9%. The economic growth rate of emerging markets and developing economies is 4.4%, which continues the continuous decline since 2010. The economic growth rates of Brazil, Russian, Indian and China are expected to be 0.3%, 0.2%, 5.6% and 7.4% respectively.
Second, employment: overall improvement but different performance.
The US labor market improved significantly in 2014, and the unemployment rate continued to decline. In November 2014, the unemployment rate dropped to 5.8%, the lowest level since August 2008. Employment in Europe improved slightly. The seasonally adjusted unemployment rate in the first three quarters of 2014 was 11.6%, of which the unemployment rate in September was 11.5%. In the first three quarters of 2014, the unemployment rate in Japan further dropped to 3.7%. The employment situation in emerging market countries has generally improved, but the performance is not the same. In the first three quarters of 2014, the registered urban unemployment rate in China was 4.1%. In September, Brazil’s unemployment rate fell to 4.9%, the lowest monthly level since 2002. The unemployment rates in Russia and South Africa in the first three quarters were 5.1% and 25.4% respectively.
Third, prices: generally stable and declining, and the risk of deflation is rising.
In 2014, the global inflation level was lower than that in 2013. According to OECD statistics, in September 2014, the consumer price index (CPI) in the United States rose by 1.7% year-on-year, up by 0.2 percentage points from the end of 2013. The CPI of Germany, Britain, France and Italy increased by 0.8%, 1.2%, 0.3% and -0.2% respectively, which decreased by 0.6, 0.8, 0.4 and 0.9 percentage points respectively compared with the end of 2013. Japan reversed the long-term price downturn. In September 2014, the CPI rose to 3.2% year-on-year, up 1.6 percentage points from the end of 2013, and it is expected to be 2.8% for the whole year. According to the IMF forecast data, the inflation rate in emerging markets and developing economies was 5.5% in 2014, which was 0.3 percentage points lower than that in 2013.
IV. Trade and investment: Low growth
According to UNCTAD data, global trade in goods increased by 1.6% in the first half of 2014. According to the forecast data of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the global trade in goods increased by 3.1% in 2014. At the same time, the trade balance of major economies is generally balanced. According to UNCTAD’s forecast data, the global FDI inflow in 2014 was 1.618 trillion US dollars, an increase of 11.5%. Among them, FDI inflows in developed economies and developing economies increased by 34.8% and -1.8% respectively.
V. Public debt: stable and generally controllable.
The IMF predicts that the fiscal deficit of developed economies will fall to 3.9% of GDP in 2014, and the developed economies as a whole have curbed the rapid rise of government debt. It is estimated that in 2014, the total government debt of the United States, the euro zone and Japan will account for 105.6%, 96.4% and 245.1% of GDP, respectively, up by 1.4, 1.2 and 1.9 percentage points compared with 2013; The ratio of German government’s total debt to GDP is estimated to be 75.5%, down 2.9 percentage points from 2013. The fiscal deficit and public debt of emerging markets and developing economies both increased slightly. In 2014, the fiscal deficit and total government debt accounted for 2.1% and 40.1% of GDP, respectively, up 0.4 and 0.8 percentage points from 2013.
Characteristics of World Economic Operation in 2014
The world economy showed many new features and changes in 2014. To sum up, it is mainly manifested in the following aspects.
First, the adjustment of US monetary policy has produced spillover effects.
On October 29th, 2014, the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) announced that it would stop buying assets, thus ending the unconventional quantitative easing monetary policy (QE) launched in November, 2008. For other economies, the spillover effect of US monetary policy adjustment will bring great pressure to them. On the one hand, the gradual tightening of liquidity in the United States may lead to further capital flight from other economies, especially emerging markets and developing economies, currency depreciation and impact on its fragile banking system; On the other hand, the monetary policies of other economies have to be adjusted adaptively, thus adding new uncertainties.
Second, the monetary policy of developed economies has diverged
Although the Federal Reserve has begun to withdraw from quantitative easing and may enter the channel of raising interest rates in mid-2015, developed economies such as the euro zone and Japan continue to implement the largest expansionary monetary policy in history. On June 5, 2014, the European Central Bank (ECB) decided to cut the benchmark interest rate by 10 basis points to 0.15%, making it a record low. For the first time, the overnight deposit rate of banks was reduced to negative, which was -0.1%. On October 31, the Bank of Japan announced that it would expand the purchase scale of government bonds from 50 trillion yen to 80 trillion yen per year. Significantly, the unconventional expansionary monetary policies in Europe and Japan run counter to the adjustment direction of American monetary policy.
Third, emerging markets and developing economies have entered a medium-and high-speed growth cycle.
According to IMF data, from 2000 to 2012, the average annual GDP growth rate of emerging markets and developing economies was 6.2%, but since 2010, the GDP growth rate of emerging markets and developing economies has dropped from 7.5% to 4.4% in 2014. The reason is that the ultra-low interest rate environment for many years began to disappear with the turn of American monetary policy; Secondly, with the slowdown of growth and the weakening of unconventional incentive efficiency, the commodity boom cycle has come to an end; Thirdly, the dividend-rich period brought about by the previous reforms in various countries has come to an end, and the residual potential of the government supporting economic growth has been weakened; Finally, the opening cycle of developed economies has changed, and the opportunities for many emerging markets and developing economies to gain asymmetric benefits from the market opening of developed economies have decreased.
Fourth, international trade has entered a low-speed growth channel.
The reason for the mediocre growth rate of global trade is not only the slow growth rate of the global economy, but also the lack of progress in global multilateral and bilateral trade and investment liberalization negotiations. However, the more basic reason is the basic stereotype of the pattern of international trade division of labor. The fastest growth period of global trade after World War II occurred between 1989 and 2006, during which the growth rate of trade was 2-3 times that of economy, mainly due to the end of the Cold War, especially the beginning of fragmentation of production chain, which was marked by the establishment of the North American Free Trade Area in 1994. China’s entry into WTO in 2001 also greatly promoted the dazzling growth of international trade. Since 2007, with the establishment of global value chain, the world has entered a period when trade and output have increased at the same level.
Five, multiple factors lead to the collapse of crude oil prices.
On December 18, 2014, the average price of crude oil in the spot market in London, England, fell to $56.1/barrel, which was nearly 50% lower than the high point in June. The direct cause of the drop in crude oil price is the weakness of energy demand and the increase of supply. The growth rate of major energy importers such as Europe and China has slowed down, and the United States has also reduced its crude oil imports due to the continuous increase in oil and gas production, resulting in a decrease in energy demand in the international market. At the same time, Russia and Saudi Arabia, two major oil producers, have recently increased their production. Oil supply and demand and price changes are also due to the oil-gas game between the United States, Saudi Arabia and OPEC and the reduction of Russian oil revenue by western countries by suppressing oil prices. In addition, the US dollar index has been fluctuating and rising since the Federal Reserve gradually withdrew from the quantitative easing policy, which has contributed to the decline in oil prices. The sharp fluctuation of oil prices has a far-reaching impact. It is estimated that a drop of $10 per barrel in oil price means that 0.5% of global GDP is transferred from oil exporting countries to oil importing countries.
6. Global debt continued to rise and began to threaten the consolidation of recovery.
According to the Geneva World Economic Report, in 2001, the global total debt covering the private sector and the public sector accounted for 160% of the national income; In 2009, after the outbreak of the financial crisis, this proportion was about 200%; In 2013, this proportion rose to 215% again. Judging from historical experience, all "economic miracles" will come to an end after the debt is high. High debt level inevitably requires maintaining a low level of interest rate, otherwise the debtor will face great pressure to pay off debts. However, the global interest rate level is generally low, and the cost of borrowing is reduced, thus accelerating the accumulation of debt. The coexistence of low interest rates and rising asset prices makes the balance sheet look less stretched. However, once there is a global leverage crisis-asset price decline forces credit crunch-or a liquidity crisis, asset prices will fall further and form a vicious circle. At present, some economies have seen the trend of "toxic combination" of low inflation, low growth and high debt accumulating. De-leveraging is both imminent and has a long way to go.
Seven, Western sanctions against Russia have led to subtle changes in international economic relations.
On March 16th, 2014, the Crimea and Sevastopol regions of Ukraine held a referendum on the issue of "leaving Ukraine and entering Russia". On the 17th, the Crimean Parliament declared its independence from Ukraine and applied to join the Russian Federation according to the results of the referendum. On the 18th, the Russian Federation signed a treaty of accession to Russia with the Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol. As a result, western economies, represented by the United States and Europe, began to launch several rounds of economic sanctions against Russia, which covered the prohibition of entry of specific personnel, freezing of assets of entities and individuals, suspension of financing cooperation, embargo on specific commodities and restrictions on technology transfer. The economic sanctions imposed by western countries have a rapid adverse impact on Russia, such as capital flight, devaluation of the ruble, slow growth and reduced trade. At present, western sanctions against Russia have had an impact on the flow of international trade and the closeness between countries. If sanctions persist and are constantly strengthened, it is likely to cause profound changes in global geopolitics and economy.
8. China has played a prominent role in international and regional cooperation.
At the summit held in Brazil in July 2014, BRICS leaders decided to start the preparatory plan for the BRICS Development Bank. The BRICS Development Bank, which is expected to officially start operation in 2016, marks that BRICS cooperation has entered a substantive stage of institutionalized construction. On October 24, 2014, 21 countries signed a memorandum on the establishment of an Asian infrastructure investment bank in Beijing. In November 2014, the supreme leader of president, China announced the establishment of the Silk Road Fund at the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Business Leaders Summit to provide investment and financing support for infrastructure construction, resource development, industrial cooperation and other related projects along the Belt and Road; In the same month, 21 members of Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) gathered in Beijing to discuss such important issues as "promoting regional economic integration", "promoting economic innovation, development, reform and growth" and "strengthening all-round interconnection and infrastructure construction" around the theme of "building a future-oriented Asia-Pacific partnership", and new progress has been made in the construction of the Asia-Pacific Free Trade Area (FTAAP).
Income inequality is increasingly threatening the long-term growth of the world economy.
The inequality of income and wealth has become an unavoidable problem today. According to the British "Economist" data, at present, the richest 8.6% of the adult population in the world owns 85.3% of the world’s wealth, while the poor, who account for 69.8% of the world’s total population, own only 2.9% of the world’s total wealth. A booster that makes income distribution the focus is Thomas? The publication of Picchetti’s Capital in the 21st Century. Picchetti’s core view is that the rate of return on private capital is greater than the growth rate of output, which means that wealth accumulation is faster than the growth of output and wages, which inevitably makes entrepreneurs gradually become rentiers and make them dominate those who have nothing but labor ability more and more strongly; The proper solution is not to levy enough taxes on capital, but to levy an annual progressive capital tax in order to protect the incentives for new primitive accumulation.
Prospect of the overall situation of the world economy in 2015
According to the forecast data of IMF in October 2014, the world economic growth rate calculated by PPP in 2015 was 3.8%. Among them, the developed economies grew by 2.3%, the United States by 3.1%, the euro zone by 1.3% and Japan by 0.8%. Emerging markets and developing economies as a whole grew by 5.0%, China by 7.1%, India by 6.4%, Brazil by 1.4%, Russia by 0.5% and South Africa by 2.3%. At the market exchange rate, the world economy grew by 3.2% in 2015. In June 2014, the World Bank predicted that the world economic growth rate calculated by PPP and market exchange rate in 2015 would be 4.0% and 3.4% respectively. In May 2014, the United Nations predicted that the world economic growth rate calculated by PPP and market exchange rate in 2015 would be 3.8% and 3.2% respectively. In May 2014, OECD predicted that the world economic growth rate calculated by PPP in 2015 would be 3.9%. Looking forward to the world economic trend in 2015, there are the following problems worthy of attention.
First, the extent to which the monetary policies of the United States run counter to those of other important economies such as Europe and Japan and the seriousness of the consequences.
With the withdrawal of quantitative easing policy from the United States, whether to raise interest rates has become the focus of US monetary policy. Once inflation rises, the probability of the Fed raising interest rates in the first half of 2015 will increase. While the monetary policy in the United States is tightening, Europe and Japan continue to increase the stimulus. This reverse macro policy will have many effects, the most obvious of which is exchange rate fluctuation. The appreciation of the US dollar is beneficial to the recovery of European and Japanese exports, but at the same time, it will cause capital to gather in the United States, thus offsetting the effect of the loose monetary policy of the European and Japanese central banks. If the exchange rate of the US dollar fluctuates greatly, it will also cause large-scale changes in global asset prices and capital.
Second, the possibility of the European economy out of the downturn
At the beginning of November, 2014, the Council of the European Central Bank finally agreed to inject 1 trillion euros (about 1.24 trillion US dollars) for the purchase of guaranteed bonds and asset-backed bonds, so as to prevent the euro zone economy from falling into deflation. The balance sheet of the European Central Bank expanded from 2 trillion euros to the peak of 3 trillion euros. If the euro zone continues to face the threat of Japanese-style deflation, this move will also pave the way for the large-scale purchase of government bonds in the future. The Council of the European Central Bank also decided to keep the refinancing rate at an ultra-low level of 0.05%. Such a large-scale and long-term loose monetary policy has laid a hidden danger for the long-term growth of the economy while preventing further deterioration of the economy. Without the corresponding and powerful investment and growth support of the real economy, it is difficult to completely rule out the possibility that the European economy will fall into recession again.
Third, the ultimate effectiveness of "Abenomics"
In 2013, after the first two arrows of "Abenomics" were launched, it achieved certain results, and the Japanese economy achieved a growth rate of 1.5%. However, since 2014, the market’s policy expectation of "Abenomics" began to decline, and the signs of Japanese economic stagnation also appeared. The main reason is that the third arrow of "Abenomics" has not been shot, that is, the existing policies have not fully touched on structural reforms, such as rigid labor market and excessive corporate tax. At the same time, the ultra-high level of national debt, aging population, declining productivity growth, slow progress in agricultural reform and the second round of consumption tax increase from 8% to 10% in 2015 will all affect the realization of the "Abenomics" goal to varying degrees.
Fourth, the scope, intensity and effectiveness of the new round of reform in major emerging economies
In order to implement the strategic plan of the 18th CPC National Congress on comprehensively deepening reform, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee in November 2013 adopted the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform, covering 15 fields and 60 specific tasks. At present, some reform measures have been implemented. In May 2014, the new Indian Prime Minister Narendra? After Modi took office, he immediately launched a large-scale economic reform plan with the goal of "economic growth", including increasing investment, promoting industrial growth, improving the business environment and strictly controlling the fiscal deficit. The "dividend" released by the reform of China and India will directly determine whether they can continue to maintain the current medium-to-high-speed sustainable growth situation. At the same time, whether the economic downturn of Brazil and Russia can be contained will also have an important impact on the economic performance of the entire emerging markets and developing countries.
V. Potential risks in the global financial system, especially in developed countries
According to the Economist magazine, the next crisis will come from the asset management industry. In 2013, global asset management companies managed assets as high as US$ 87 trillion, accounting for three-quarters of banking assets, of which Black Rock Asset Management Company managed assets of US$ 4.4 trillion, larger than any bank. However, these huge asset management companies are not systemically important financial institutions (SIFIS), so they are not supervised by financial supervision departments. In order to meet the conservative accounting requirements, their profit model has begun to become an unstable amplifier, among which the fastest growth is the exchange-traded funds active in the short-term bond market. In January 2014, the Financial Stability Board (FSB) raised the question of whether to include asset management companies in SIFIS, and the Bank of England also warned about the potential harm of its activities. Once there is a problem with an asset management company that is less regulated, its chain reaction is bound to spread rapidly.
VI. Trends of geopolitics and economy
The scope, intensity and duration of sanctions imposed by western countries on Russia will not only affect the economy of Russia and countries with close economic relations with it, but also affect the geopolitical relations of relevant countries. After the mid-term elections in November 2014, the Republican Party controlled the Senate and the House of Representatives, which made the Democratic President a "lame duck" prematurely, and also added variables to the sensitive and subtle big country game. As an important energy center in the world, the stability of the Middle East is closely related to the rise and fall of the Islamic State. Once a major terrorist attack succeeds in other countries in the world, the first to be affected is the supply and price of oil, and the further consolidation of the world economic recovery will also be threatened.
Seven, large-scale epidemic and natural disasters
In 2014, the outbreak and spread of Ebola in West African countries have had a negative impact on the economic and social stability of some countries. If it is not effectively controlled and spread to major economies, it will affect global economic growth. At the same time, sudden serious natural disasters will also bring shocks to the economies of relevant countries.
In view of the current basic situation of the world economy and various signs of its development trend, and based on the description and analysis of the overall operation of the world economy in 2014, this report holds that the probability of a sharp recovery of the global economy in 2015 is small, and compared with 2014, it is more likely that the economic growth rate will be basically flat or slightly increased, that is, the growth rate calculated by PPP is 3.3%, and the growth rate calculated by market exchange rate is 2.8%. Among the four major economies in the United States, Europe, China and Japan, China is still likely to continue the inertia of the past years and become the country with the greatest contribution to global economic growth.
(The first author is the director of the Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; The second author is the deputy director of the International Political Economy Research Office of the Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)
(Contemporary worldmagazineAuthorized People’s Daily Online-the Communist Party of China (CPC) Press Release, please do not reprint.)
Pollution control according to law, protecting ecological environment with the power of rule of law —— Fourth, actively serving and implementing the task of ＂six guarantees＂ and resolutely winning the
Legal system is an important weapon to promote ecological environmental protection, and law enforcement supervision is an important means to win the battle against pollution. Facing the new situation of normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the ecological environment department should firmly establish the thinking of rule of law, adhere to administration, governance and protection according to law, and protect the ecological environment with the power of rule of law.
The quality of China’s ecological environment has obviously improved. One of the important reasons is that the legal system of ecological environment is getting stricter and stricter, the law enforcement and supervision are getting stronger and stronger, and there are more and more means to punish environmental violations. The legal means such as seizure, daily penalty, crime imprisonment and damage compensation have become the swords hanging over the heads of offenders. The rigid constraint of the law made the offenders pay a high price, which played a great deterrent and preventive role.
At present, China has basically formed a system of eco-environmental laws and regulations led by environmental protection law. However, with the deepening of ecological civilization construction and the continuous improvement of eco-environmental protection requirements, environmental problems in some fields need to be controlled and solved by new legal systems, and their legislative gaps need to be filled urgently. There are still some previously enacted laws that are difficult to adapt to the new situation and new tasks and need to be revised in time. We should actively promote the formulation and revision of laws in the fields of Yangtze River protection, marine environmental protection, environmental impact assessment and biosafety, as well as administrative regulations in the fields of pollutant discharge permit and ecological environment monitoring. At the same time, we should summarize and refine the good experiences and practices accumulated in the tough battle of pollution prevention and control in time, upgrade them into systems, turn them into laws, and further establish and improve the legal system of ecological environment.
In recent years, local ecological and environmental departments have further intensified the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, especially this year, in order to better support the economic and social development, the "two positive lists" system has been launched. We should not only help enterprises solve practical difficulties, but also strengthen law enforcement and supervision. It is necessary to continue to organize the central eco-environmental protection inspectors, promote the implementation of "the party and government have the same responsibility, one post and two responsibilities" in all localities, and solve a number of outstanding ecological and environmental problems; It is necessary to continue to strengthen supervision and fixed-point assistance, guide and help and urge key areas to solidly promote the comprehensive air pollution control plan in autumn and winter; For cities with outstanding ozone pollution, carry out special supervision and assistance for key industries of VOCs emission; Organize accurate supervision and assistance to key cities outside the region that have difficulties in achieving air quality improvement goals. On the platform of overall planning and strengthening supervision, we will integrate on-site inspections of key tasks of pollution prevention and control such as remediation of drinking water sources, further reduce the scale and time, and reduce the burden on grassroots.
If the law is not strictly enforced, it is a paper tiger. Law enforcement teams should practice their internal strength, constantly enhance their law enforcement capabilities and improve their law enforcement efficiency. Comprehensive use of daily continuous punishment and other means to strengthen the connection between ecological environment administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, strengthen the coordination and cooperation between law enforcement and monitoring departments, and severely crack down on ecological environment illegal and criminal acts that are strongly reflected by the masses and are subjective and malicious. Optimize law enforcement methods, further promote the "double random and open" supervision, and enhance the scientific, fair and effective supervision. It is necessary to strengthen the deep integration of law enforcement, key supervision and credit supervision, implement classified supervision of enterprises, and reasonably set the proportion and frequency of spot checks. Strengthen the automatic monitoring and management of key pollutant discharge units, give play to the "clairvoyance" function of hot grid, vigorously promote the use of intelligent means, and promote off-site supervision to improve the efficiency of law enforcement. It is necessary to improve the working mechanism of letters and visits, implement the reward reporting system, regard letters and visits as a "gold mine" for finding clues about ecological and environmental problems, and promote the solution of outstanding ecological and environmental problems around the masses.
As a law enforcement department, the ecological environment department should adhere to the law and regulations and enhance the legitimacy of pollution prevention and control measures. Standardize law enforcement behavior in accordance with the Guiding Catalogue of Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Matters of Ecological Environmental Protection, further standardize discretion and put an end to arbitrary punishment and arbitrary law enforcement. For the rectification of ecological and environmental problems, we must resolutely prohibit "one size fits all" behavior, and put an end to simple and rude practices such as emergency shutdown and suspension of production, "all shutdown" and "stop first". Through strict law enforcement and supervision, it is necessary to urge enterprises to run pollution control facilities well, implement standards in place, guide enterprises to consciously abide by the law, establish a law-abiding incentive mechanism, and promote the sound development of ecological environmental protection.
Hospital traffickers transferred to the Internet to become ＂e-commerce＂ registration and increased the price by several hundred yuan.
For the traffickers who resell the hospital expert number, the hospital is constantly managing and the public security organs have been cracking down hard. Judging from the registration halls of some hospitals, the number of traffickers is indeed much less. However, this does not mean that the traffickers are extinct. Recently, on some shopping websites and registered apps, there have been cases where traffickers sell expert numbers at a higher price. Is the emergence of network number traffickers a scam or another channel to resell expert numbers? The "Legal Daily" reporter conducted an in-depth investigation on this.
□ Our reporter Zhao Li
□ Intern Kong Hui of this newspaper
Just over a week after she recovered from a fever, the daughter of Beijing citizen Wang Zhongxin had a fever again. In the face of her daughter, who was constantly ill shortly after entering the park, Wang Zhongxin was a little anxious. "The child has been coughing and worried about turning into pneumonia."
On the third day of the child’s second high fever, Wang Zhongxin, who lives in Fengtai District, Beijing, took the child to a private children’s hospital near his home in the afternoon, but what he didn’t expect was that nearly five o’clock in the afternoon, more than 70 numbers hung up in the morning had not been read.
Wang Zhongxin took his children to a nearby public hospital and was told that he could only see the emergency department. "I did like it that day, but I couldn’t take a film to see the lungs."
No choice, Wang Zhongxin had to choose a large private children’s hospital in Chaoyang District, Beijing, 30 kilometers away from home.
Why not go to other children’s hospitals? Wang Zhongxin said that he could not hang the number.
However, the reporter found that "not hanging the number" is not absolute. With the help of some means, it may just be a matter of spending more money.
Online "yellow cattle" registration increases by several hundred yuan.
On an online shopping and retail platform, the reporter of Legal Daily searched with "Children’s Hospital Registration" as the key word, and many registered businesses appeared. The reporter randomly selected one of the shops named "114 Appointment Registration Funding System".
Entering the store, the reporter asked the owner if he could hang the "expert number of Beijing Children’s Hospital", and the owner gave a positive answer. The talk time between the reporter and the shopkeeper was around 13: 00 on December 5th, and the shopkeeper said that he could register the expert number of Children’s Hospital on the morning of December 6th, and the service fee was 300 yuan, and the registration fee was paid by himself.
Subsequently, the reporter entered the words "Beijing Hospital Registration" in the search box, and found a large number of "commodities" again. The introduction directly stated the names of "Peking Union Medical College Hospital Appointment Registration" and "beijing jishuitan hospital Expert Number". The reporter randomly clicked into a shop called "Beijing Great Hospital Registration" and asked the customer service about the price. Customer service replied that different hospitals have different prices. Generally speaking, the service charge varies from 400 yuan to 600 yuan for registering an expert number, and 300 yuan for registering an ordinary number, and the registration fee is borne by the buyer.
The reporter offered to buy the expert number of spinal surgery in Jishuitan Hospital on the morning of December 6th. The customer service said that the expert registration fee was 100 yuan, plus the service fee of 400 yuan, which was 500 yuan. After taking the link sent by the customer service, the other party asked the reporter to add WeChat contact. After the WeChat verification passed, the customer service asked for the patient’s ID card, name and contact number. After a while, the reporter received a verification code from the "Beijing Tong Jing Yi Tong" platform on his mobile phone. After the customer service asked the reporter to provide the verification code, he told the reporter that the expert number had been hung up, and he went to the hospital for self-service brushing on the morning of December 6.
"Beijing Tong Jing Yi Tong" is the official registration platform of Beijing municipal hospitals. The reporter opened the "Jing Yi Tong" WeChat WeChat official account, clicked on the registration in the column of medical service, and chose beijing jishuitan hospital Spinal Surgery. When the reporter talked with the customer service, all the expert numbers had been displayed on the morning of December 6, and even all the expert numbers released in the next 8 days had been displayed.
Then, how did the online store customer service help hang the expert number?
The reporter noticed that among such registered businesses, the buyer’s evaluation column was almost unanimous, such as "good attitude, reliable, and able to make an appointment with an expert." Moreover, if you place an order in advance, you can hang up the number of the seller to deliver the goods on the same day, and then confirm the receipt. ""Great praise, convenient and quick, I tried it with suspicion at first, and the customer service attitude was super good. No matter how long I was, I patiently explained and paid after seeing a doctor, which was really reliable. I will identify your home if necessary in the future. ""The doctor is very famous, but the seller is very energetic and tried every means to help us solve the problem. "
Buying an expert number through an online store is really available.
At 7: 30am on December 6th, there was an endless queue in front of every registration window in the registration hall of beijing jishuitan hospital. People in the hall are next to people, and there is almost no place to stay. From time to time, the reminder of "No number" from the service staff came from the microphone in the window. In the long queue for registration, there are all kinds of traffickers, and the reporter will be stopped after almost a few steps. "Do you want a number, an expert number?" The same words are repeated.
In front of the self-service numbering machine, a middle-aged man swiped his ID card and successfully got the spinal surgery expert number from 9: 30 am to 10: 30 am that day. The reporter asked him how long he had been waiting in line to hang up the expert number. The middle-aged man hesitated for a while and whispered, "I didn’t wait in line, so I spent more money to buy it online."
According to the screenshot of successful registration and related instructions sent by the customer service of online shop, the reporter set up a temporary medical card in the card building window of the registration hall, and then inserted the medical card into the self-service number retrieval machine, and successfully took out the morning number of the famous spinal surgery expert. The medical time was from 10: 30 am to 11: 30 am. The reporter took the number to the spine surgery guidance desk on the east side of the third floor of the outpatient clinic. The nurse on duty affirmed the authenticity of the expert number and ordered to wait in line for treatment according to the number.
In the waiting area, the reporter met a pair of grandparents and grandchildren from Shanxi. The granddaughter Liu Xin (a pseudonym) accompanied her grandmother to treat lumbar disc herniation. They also hung an expert number. The reporter asked how the expert number was hung up. Liu Xin said with some helplessness, "The expert number is too difficult to hang up. We made an appointment online more than half a month in advance. The normal number is long gone. This is still an added number. I can’t read it in the morning. I have to wait until the afternoon."
The number of the same expert, the same online appointment, why can’t the patient hang it, but the online shop owner can hang it? The reporter tentatively asked the customer service of the online shop that helped hang the expert number. He said bluntly that when the online registration platform put the number, it was basically impossible to grab the expert number by the patient himself. They have special channels, and they have reserved the number in advance to find the relationship, so they can easily get the expert number through the network platform.
Internet traffickers are as difficult to monitor as "purchasing"
In addition, the reporter also found a kind of "paying for convenience" registration method — — Make an Appointment to register the app
In October this year, Ms. Li, a Beijing citizen, was going to take a friend from Fujian to a hospital in Beijing to see the lacrimal gland problem. However, after registering through an Appointment registration app, she found that her expert number was charged the service fee of 150 yuan in addition to the registration fee.
"At that time, I found the hospital with the relevant documents. The hospital said that it did not charge this service fee. If it is linked through the hospital’s WeChat WeChat official account or cooperation platform, it will not charge additional service fees." Ms. Li recalled to reporters.
The reporter noticed that on Ms. Li’s voucher, the category of this service fee is "primary registration consultation fee". Ms. Li’s mobile phone still has a short message that she received at that time, indicating that the payment should be completed within 30 minutes, otherwise the appointment will be invalid. The information sender does not show the relevant hospitals or cooperation platforms.
"Later, the hospital outpatient office said that this is not a formal registration channel for the hospital. It is recommended that I return the number and re-register from the clinic." Ms. Li said that she later withdrew her number from her mobile phone, but she didn’t expect to be deducted 30% of the service fee by the registration software. Ms. Li was annoyed that she was not treated as ill and was wrongly charged more than 30 yuan.
In the App market, the reporter also found many apps about appointment registration through simple search. After installing an Appointment registration App, the reporter found that the expert number of Beijing Grand Hospital can be reserved through this app. After logging in with the mobile phone number, select the department to be registered, and the reporter successfully booked the expert number of the Department of Orthopaedics of Peking Union Medical College Hospital the next afternoon. However, when paying the fee, the reporter found that the original expert number of 100 yuan actually needed 373 yuan in the App. Looking carefully, it turns out that there is an additional fee called "primary registration consultation fee", which is 273 yuan.
To this end, the reporter came to Peking Union Medical College Hospital to find out, and the hospital’s medical guide said that the hospital’s expert outpatient registration fee is only 100 yuan, and the rest of the consultation fee should be charged by the App platform. The medical guide stressed that patients must choose the official registration platform for online registration to guard against property losses.
Although the publicity of the formal registration channel has been strengthened, the hospital staff interviewed all said that they feel that they have no way to start with the network number traffickers.
Huang Ping, who works in the Information Department of a tertiary hospital in Beijing, admitted to the reporter: "All the sources in our hospital can make an appointment online. Although real-name registration system is registered by entering an ID card, the current network number trafficker is like ‘ Purchasing ’ The websites and apps they built attract patients to log in and fill in the information needed for registration, such as name and ID card. As long as he has the patient’s information, he can hang the number on our channel like a patient. On the internet, we can’t monitor whether it is a trafficker or a patient. "
In the past, hospital security and outpatient customer service staff could play a major role in cracking down on traffickers. Now the trafficker is active on the Internet. Although the hospital has searched several websites and apps according to the clues provided by patients, at first glance, they are all regular websites and apps, and I don’t know where to complain.
Cartography/Li Xiaojun
Haier’s Internet Transformation： 60,000 employees are ＂starting businesses＂
On Haier’s entrepreneurial platform, more and more non-Haier employees are pouring in, and Qiu Xingyu is one of them.
Before joining Haier as a maker, Qiu Xingyu worked in a financial consulting company that had business dealings with Haier. At that time, the consulting company made a due diligence report for the World Bank’s support to China, and Qiu Xingyu’s team undertook the task of in-depth analysis of agriculture. They believe that in the future, China’s agriculture will enter a stage of rapid development, and may even usher in a blowout state like the real estate industry.
Such an experience has accumulated a lot of experience for Qiu Xingyu to later grab Haier Financial’s entrepreneurial project. In 2013, when she participated in the consulting project of Haier Finance, she learned that the other party had plans to carry out financial leasing business, specifically providing financial services for external industries. To this end, Haier also established a financial leasing company in Shanghai Free Trade Zone with Bohou Strategy Company where Qiu Xingyu is located.
The five major industrial financial projects released by Haier Financial Platform include consumer finance, food agriculture, medical care, green finance and community finance. Interested teams can participate in the competition with business plans. Haier is responsible for providing start-up funds and corresponding entrepreneurial services, while small and micro companies are responsible for specific management, and all decisions are finalized by makers themselves.
Maker and Xiaowei are one of the internal reform concepts put forward by Zhang Ruimin, Chairman and CEO of Haier Group. According to his idea, Haier is now mainly composed of three types of people. The first is the platform owner, and positions like Zhou Yunjie, the rotating president of Haier, belong to the big platform owner. The second is small and micro-owners, which refer to start-up companies established on different platforms within Haier. The third type of makers are entrepreneurs who hold certain shares in small and micro companies. They need to sign a gambling agreement with Haier, and only when they reach a certain target value can they cash in their shares. For example, Qiu Xingyu’s company belongs to micro-owners, and Qiu Xingyu himself is a maker.
Qiu Xingyu led a four-person team to win food and agriculture projects from a group of small and micro companies that grabbed orders at the same time, leading the way to do industrial finance. This is just the same as Haier’s industrial finance thinking. Previously, she had 8 years’ experience in financial leasing consulting industry. Financing lease, also known as equipment lease, refers to a lease that essentially transfers all or most of the risks and rewards related to asset ownership. The ownership of assets may or may not be transferred eventually.
In all food agriculture, Qiu Xingyu chose to start with the egg industry in the aquaculture industry. By investing in fixed assets for the upstream egg companies, laying hens were used as a kind of equipment for financing, and the related companies in the upstream industrial chain were joined together to achieve overall food quality control and ensure stable output. So far, the financial products developed by this small and micro company have been updated to the fourth generation products.
Specifically, in order to ensure the safety of food raw materials, egg companies need to fully control the purchased feed, vaccines, chickens, breeding environment and processes, and inevitably have a large amount of fixed assets investment. Qiu Xingyu’s first generation products mainly solve the problem of fixed assets investment, and lease the equipment to egg enterprises for use.
After the fixed assets are built, aquaculture still needs liquidity. This small and micro company has also developed a model of using biomass as a tool to carry out financing. Generally speaking, in the financial field, real estate and cars were usually used as collateral, but Qiu Xingyu’s team realized that domestic animals such as chickens, cows and pigs could be used as collateral. This is the second generation product.
In the third generation, it mainly solves the problem of liquidity in sales. The fourth generation is to build an ecological circle with feed suppliers, breeding equipment suppliers, leading enterprises of egg products and farmers. Feed suppliers provide feed and vaccines, guarantee companies are responsible for loans, Qiu Xingyu’s Xiaowei is responsible for providing fixed assets, farmers are responsible for breeding, and egg products companies are responsible for sales. Next, this small and micro company also wants to develop into a platform.
This model quickly gained market recognition. From May 2014 to August this year, the business volume of this small and micro company has reached 1 billion yuan, and the team members have expanded from 4 to 24, all of which are from outside Haier.
According to Qiu Xingyu’s introduction to the interface journalist, there are 9 maker teams under the entire Haier industrial financial platform, covering medical care, healthy consumption, intelligent transportation, community finance, logistics, food agriculture and other aspects. Among these maker teams, Qiu Xingyu’s small and micro companies have the highest comprehensive income and financial indicators, especially gross profit, although the business volume is not the largest. The gross profit in the first half of this year reached more than 30 million yuan. In the next three years, she hopes that the company’s business volume will reach 10 billion yuan.
From the perspective of Haier Group, Haier’s industrial finance is a big platform. Maker and Xiaowei are only part of Haier’s industrial finance, and Haier Finance itself has many investment projects. Haier Finance is also divided into two small platforms: one is called Sharing Center, which mainly provides financial and human resources services for small and micro companies on the platform; The other is called the resource center, which is mainly responsible for the consulting business of small and micro companies. There is a cooperative relationship between small and micro companies and the above platforms, and the completeness of small and micro companies determines the resources that can be obtained at the level of Haier’s big platform and the mechanism of profit distribution.
If the team maturity of small and micro companies is 80%, it means that many functions need to depend on the platform. Due to the settlement relationship with the platform, you need to pay separately for some services provided by the platform, and you need to pay part of the profits to the platform. If the functions of small and micro companies are relatively perfect, and the business, administration, finance and other work are all done by themselves, then all the profits distributed may be owned by themselves.
At the beginning of the business, Qiu Xingyu’s team started in the form of Haier Microfinance Division, and they further derived their own small and micro company Hainong Investment Co., Ltd. to match the above projects. "It is usually necessary to get a financial license to carry out financial business. If I set up a company alone, it is difficult to get this license. It is not a problem to do this on Haier’s financial platform." She said.
Haier’s financial business, together with traditional household appliances and logistics business, has become the three major components of Haier’s overall revenue. Although this large-scale company has a strong gene for home appliance manufacturing, it has been trying to transform to the Internet since 2012.
Different from many traditional manufacturing companies’ attempts to set up related departments separately for Internet, Haier’s reform wants to be more thorough, or to completely deny the current management system and subvert itself from various aspects such as organizational structure, management methods, revenue structure and profit distribution. In the past three years, small and large micro-companies have been established in Haier. Employees who join the micro-companies no longer enjoy Haier’s original fixed salary and need to advance and retreat with the micro-companies. In addition, some people choose to leave Haier.
"At the beginning of the reform, we didn’t understand why the company did it, and even many people would have resistance, which would touch some people’s interests after all ‘ Cake ’ . However, with the step-by-step advancement of maker thinking, some small and micro companies have achieved initial results, and everyone has slowly begun to accept it. More and more people are looking for entrepreneurial projects that suit them. " An employee who has worked in Haier for many years told the interface journalist.
According to the interface journalist, with the acceleration of Haier’s internal reform in the past two years, about 20 platforms and 183 small and micro companies have been formed. The entrepreneurial projects involve products such as home appliances and smart wearable devices, as well as services such as logistics, commerce and culture. There are also more and more outsiders who choose Haier platform to start their own businesses.
Before the reform, Haier had 86,000 employees, and after the reform, it was 60,000. According to the statement given by Haier, these 60,000 people belong to makers, and it can also be understood that Haier’s internal entrepreneurship is that every employee is involved. The remaining 26,000 people have been laid off by Haier.
"We encourage nearly 10,000 managers to transform, either to become entrepreneurial teams or to leave." Zhang Ruimin said earlier when attending a business forum. In this way, he hopes to speed up the efficiency of organizational communication, make the huge Haier have flexible components, and can set up or disband the team at any time as needed, and at the same time encourage each employee to become more active and work with the mentality of entrepreneurs rather than executors.
Just as many startups will face various business risks, these small and micro companies on Haier platform may declare failure at any time. After all, only a few people like Qiu Xingyu can quickly open the market, and more small and micro companies are still in the stage of arduous exploration and development.
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Dragon boat races, zongzi fishing and sachets making … Colorful folk activities around the country welcome the Dragon Boat Festival.
CCTV News:In recent days, many dragon boat races and dragon boat performances have been held all over the country to welcome the arrival of the Dragon Boat Festival.
A few days ago, a dragon boat show was held in Luodian Ancient Town, Baoshan District, Shanghai, which attracted many citizens and tourists. Let’s feel it together.
At the scene of the dragon boat show, the iconic Luodian dragon boat attracted many citizens and tourists to watch on the shore. Luodian rowing dragon boat, "light race and heavy appreciation", the helmsman is brightly dressed and well trained, leaning on the boat and performing "strokes" close to the water.
In addition to the dragon boat performance, the local Dragon Boat Festival non-legacy market is also opened to enrich the holiday experience.
Nanhai, Guangdong: More than 160 single-person dragon boats compete for the Dragon Boat Festival.
On June 8th, the South China Sea Dragon Boat was staged in Jinsha Outdoor Leisure Sports Island, Danzao Town, Foshan, Guangdong. More than 160 single dragon boats fly oars to chase the waves and celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival.
With an order, the single dragon boat is like an arrow leaving the string, and it is exciting and racing in waves of refueling. The scene is very shocking. The race is set up with a circular track, with a total length of about 13 kilometers.
At present, Nanhai District has "teams in every village and events every month", and the whole region is working together to build the brand of Nanhai Dragon Boat Super League.
Ding ‘an, Hainan: Tanlanxi Dragon Boat Open kicks off in a lively way.
In addition, in Ding ‘an County, Hainan Province, the local Ding ‘an Tanlanxi Dragon Boat Open was officially launched a few days ago.
On the water, the dragon boat athletes were in high spirits, and generate’s speed of riding the wind and breaking the waves set off bursts of water, and the atmosphere at the competition site was instantly ignited; On the bank of the river, onlookers cheered. Let citizens and tourists immerse themselves in the local dragon boat culture.
Shangli, Jiangxi: Paddling like flying, struggling to advance, racing dragon boats to welcome the Dragon Boat Festival.
In Jiangxi, the local Dragon Boat Festival was also held, creating a strong festive atmosphere for the masses.
With the official start of the competition, more than 500 dragon boat athletes from 18 teams flew like paddles, and the dragon boat came out of the water like a dragon, struggling forward, and the atmosphere at the scene was instantly ignited.
Li Chao, a citizen of Pingxiang, told reporters that she can not only feel the traditional atmosphere of the Dragon Boat Festival, but also cheer for their hometown team.
Liu Lu, a member of the Riverside Community Dragon Boat Team, expressed the hope that through such activities, the dragon boat culture will be promoted and the spirit of unity and hard work will be inherited.
Qiubei, Yunnan: The drum beat and the oars flew over the dragon boat race was held enthusiastically.
Qiubei County, Wenshan, Yunnan Province also held a dragon boat race a few days ago to celebrate the festival.
Drums were blaring and paddles were flying. The dragon boat race held in Qiubei County, Wenshan, Yunnan Province attracted more than 1,000 contestants from 85 teams, who waved paddles rhythmically and strove to the finish line. The sound of water, cheers and shouts are endless.
Xinjiang: Dragon Boat Race in Zoumachuan, Breaking Waves and Meeting the Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon boat drums, Dragon Boat Festival flavor.
On June 8th, a dragon boat race was held along the Zoumachuan River in Fukang, Xinjiang to welcome the Dragon Boat Festival.
On the 80-meter-wide surface of Zoumachuan River, a 400-meter track has been set up. The Dragon Boat Festival is in fierce competition, and the dragon boat team is fighting for the first place, attracting cheers from the people on the shore.
In addition to dragon boat races, local folk cultural experience activities such as fishing zongzi, making sachets and flying flowers were also carried out.
Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province: Race "Dragon Boat" with sachets for the Dragon Boat Festival.
During the Dragon Boat Festival holiday, a variety of cultural and entertainment activities were held in Xi ‘an, Shaanxi Province, and the Dragon Boat Festival customs such as dragon boat racing and sewing sachets were integrated into the humanistic interaction, which not only enriched the holiday experience of tourists, but also inherited the traditional culture.
In the dragon boat race experience area of a scenic spot, with the referee’s order, the contestants began to compete fiercely and struggled to swing their arms to the finish line, attracting many tourists to watch. These contestants with different skin colors and faces are all young international students. They also learn how to cut cloth, identify traditional spices and sew the Dragon Boat Festival sachets by hand.
Are moon cakes ＂cakes＂ or ＂cakes＂？ The new standard has been determined! And these ingredients can’t be used →
On July 8, the reporter learned from the Municipal Market Supervision Bureau that the city’s market supervision system, together with the leaders of mooncake production enterprises, large supermarkets and hotels operating mooncakes, participated in the training meeting on the publicity and implementation of the new edition of the General Rules for the Quality of Mooncakes, further deepening the understanding and cognition of the mooncake industry on the new standards, helping enterprises to understand and master the technical contents of the new standards in time, and providing support and guarantee for the healthy development of the mooncake industry.
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According to the announcement issued by the State Administration of Market Supervision, the new version of the revised "General Rules for the Quality of Mooncakes" has been officially implemented, and the old version of the "Mooncakes" revised in 2015 has been abolished. At the publicity and implementation training meeting, experts from the Municipal Quality Inspection Center interpreted the new version of the General Rules for the Quality of Mooncakes and the standards for restricting the over-packaging of commodities requiring food and cosmetics. By comparing the new and old standards and giving examples, they explained the background, terminology definition, main content requirements, enterprise implementation standard rules and matters needing attention of the standards in detail, and answered questions raised by enterprises about label identification and mooncake naming.
The mooncake gift box in the supermarket. (data map)
Compared with the old and new editions, there are many new changes worthy of attention. According to experts from the Municipal Quality Inspection Center, the new version of the standard changes the name from "Moon Cake" to "General Rules for the Quality of Moon Cake", refines the specific categories of raw materials, deletes the word "main" in the main raw materials, standardizes the name format of edible oils and fats, and divides sugar into the main raw materials of cake crust, and clearly points out that moon cakes are cakes.
In addition, the new version of the standard changes the product classification into three categories: classification by processing technology, classification by local characteristics and other kinds of moon cakes, and deletes the hot processing category and cold processing category, and divides moon cakes into baking category, frying category, cooking category and cooked flour category, and cancels other categories under the cold processing category. According to the new standard, moon cakes are divided into 9 categories: Cantonese-style moon cakes, Beijing-style moon cakes, Soviet-style moon cakes, Chaozhou-style moon cakes, Yunnan-style moon cakes, Jin-style moon cakes, Qiong-style moon cakes, desktop moon cakes and Harbin-style moon cakes. The definition of the sub-classification of moon cakes with local characteristics has been deleted.
At the same time, the new version of the standard has added requirements for cake crust and stuffing, clearly stating that moon cake stuffing should not use wild protected animal ingredients such as shark’s fin, and should not use rare and precious ingredients such as bird’s nest. The new standard stipulates the types of cake crust and stuffing, and divides the cake crust into: syrup crust, crispy crust, mixed crispy crust, egg moon baked (cake) crust, crystal crust, ice crust, milk crispy crust, cream crust and peach mountain crust. The fillings are divided into: rongsha stuffing, nut stuffing, fruit and vegetable stuffing, egg yolk stuffing, meat and meat products stuffing, aquatic products and aquatic products stuffing, attention stuffing (soft-hearted stuffing), natural white stuffing, natural red stuffing, cloud leg stuffing and edible flower stuffing. In different fillings, the requirements for the addition amount of related raw materials are stipulated, and the naming of product names is required according to the addition amount of fillings.
Moon cakes are neatly placed on the supermarket shelves. (data map)
In terms of inspection rules, the new version of the standard has also been revised. The ex-factory inspection items of the new standard include but are not limited to sensory requirements, moisture content, net content and stuffing content. Compared with the old standard, the mandatory inspection requirements for the total number of colonies and coliforms are deleted, and the new mandatory inspection item is moisture. The new version of the standard also deletes the seasonal production and perennial production type inspection, and changes it to the type inspection of products once a year. In addition, the new version of the standard clearly requires that if the factory inspection and type inspection are unqualified, double sampling and re-inspection can be carried out in the original batch of products.
The new version of the standard also adds the naming method of moon cake products, stipulating that the local pie moon cake should be clearly named in the local pie style and the characteristics of the cake crust or stuffing, and the product category can be built separately or reflected in the product name, such as Cantonese pure white lotus seed cake. Other moon cakes can be named with cake skin or stuffing, such as crystal skin pineapple moon cakes; Or choose to be named after the flavor characteristics of the product, such as espresso moon cakes.
The staff of the Municipal Market Supervision Bureau introduced that the "Restricting the Overpackaging of Commodities and Requiring Food and Cosmetics" explained at the training meeting was implemented last year, which put forward specific requirements for restricting the over-packaging of moon cakes. During the transition period of updating the old and new standards, according to the relevant documents, the service life of the old packaging materials for moon cakes can be extended to October 1 this year (subject to the production date).
After the transition period, the packaging of moon cakes should meet the new regulations, that is, the number of packaging layers should not exceed three; For moon cakes with a sales price above 100 yuan, the cost of all packages except those that are in direct contact with the contents shall not exceed 15% of the sales price of the products; Precious metals and mahogany materials should not be used; Not mixed with other products; The packaging void ratio meets the standard requirements.
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Original title: "Is the moon cake a" cake "or a" pastry "? The new standard has been determined! And these ingredients cannot be used → "
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