The following article comes from the language of nutrition and economy, written by Gao Yun.

Nutrition and economy.

Pure popular science nutrition

The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is the Lantern Festival, also known as the "Shangyuan Festival", which existed in the Qin Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty ordered the 15th day of the first month to be the Lantern Festival. Eating Yuanxiao, enjoying lanterns, solve riddles on the lanterns, setting off fireworks and other activities have existed since ancient times and have been passed down to this day.

joyous

joyous

happy

happy

noisy

Yuan Dynasty (1206-1368)

night

I believe that many foodies have already prepared all kinds of dumplings at home, and I look forward to the scene of family members sitting together and eating dumplings. Whether in the north or the south, eating glutinous rice balls is an essential highlight of the Lantern Festival. The difference is that it is called "Yuanxiao" in the north and "Tangyuan" in the south. Many people who pay attention to customs think that "Lantern Festival is not counted without eating glutinous rice balls". How can we enjoy glutinous rice balls while taking care of our health?

Note the "stuffing" trap

The fillings of Yuanxiao are generally green red silk, peanuts, sesame oil, jam, sugar, etc. The fillings of glutinous rice balls are generally bean paste, black sesame, shepherd’s purse, pork and so on. The two methods are different, but the main component of the crust is glutinous rice flour, and the stuffing also contains more oil (nuts such as sesame seeds and peanuts, chocolate and lard, etc.), so whether it is Yuanxiao or Tangyuan, the heat is very high. As the folk song goes, "Tangyuan can be used as tea rice", and three medium-sized Tangyuan (1/2) are equivalent to the carbohydrate of half a bowl of rice. The energy of two black sesame dumplings is about 300 kilocalories, with 16.4 grams of fat and less other nutrients. Eating more will increase energy and fat intake. Moreover, the starch contained in glutinous rice is amylopectin, which is not easy to digest and absorb in the stomach. Therefore, no matter from the aspects of energy intake or digestion, it is not appropriate to eat dumplings as a staple food in large quantities.

Sugar control is very important.

Although compared with the traditional glutinous rice balls, sugar substitutes are used in making sugar-free glutinous rice balls, the glycemic index of white glutinous rice, black glutinous rice, sticky millet and rhubarb rice is around 100, and the blood sugar rises rapidly. Even sugar-free dumplings are recommended for diabetics to eat as little as possible. In addition, you can eat some vegetables or protein-rich food before eating glutinous rice balls, which will help reduce the blood sugar reaction after meals.

Prevent accidents

1. For the elderly, due to the gradual decline of digestive function, especially the slow swallowing reflex of the elderly, they may get stuck in their throats because they eat more urgently, resulting in difficulty in breathing and even suffocation. Therefore, the elderly must chew slowly when eating dumplings.

2. For infants, if the baby at home is under three years old, it is recommended not to let him try glutinous rice balls easily. After all, glutinous rice balls are mainly made of glutinous rice. If they are eaten by a baby under one year old, they may stick to the esophagus and have the risk of blocking the respiratory tract. If it is a one-or two-year-old baby, it is still not easy to bite peanuts and other fillings in the glutinous rice balls to prevent suffocation. In addition, because the baby’s digestive function is still weak and the swallowing reflex is not well developed, even if the baby over three years old is given glutinous rice balls, parents must look after them. It is best to divide the glutinous rice balls into small pieces in advance to prevent accidents. If your baby is suffering from respiratory diseases, such as cough, you should also eat dumplings as little as possible to prevent the illness from aggravating.

The glutinous rice balls that have just come out of the pot are steaming, so remember to taste them slowly and slowly to avoid burning your mouth. Just eat two or three medium-sized snacks at a time, and don’t be greedy for Doha! Finally, I wish you all a happy Lantern Festival, a happy family and a reunion!

Expert business card

Wu Ping

Tongji hospital affiliated to Tongji University

Director and chief physician of nutrition department

Tutor of medical doctor and master students

Expert clinic: Thursday morning

Director of Nutrition Department of tongji hospital, affiliated to Tongji University, expert of Oriental TV’s "Famous Doctors Keep Healthy" and major TV stations in Shanghai, top ten communication stars of nutrition science in China in 2019, member of the Standing Committee of Nutrition Committee of Chinese Women Medical Doctors Association, expert member of Shanghai Nutrition Quality Control Center, director of the Council of Shanghai Nutrition Society, and member of Chinese and Western Nutrition Group of Cancer Nutrition Committee of China Anti-Cancer Association. Member of the Second Committee of Weight Loss and Surgical Metabolism Branch of China Medical Care International Exchange Promotion Association, member of the Standing Committee of the First Committee of Nutrition and Rehabilitation Committee of China Rehabilitation Medical Association, member of Shanghai Branch of China Heart Rehabilitation Alliance, member of Shanghai Medical Doctor Association Medical Science Popularization Branch, member of Shanghai Heart Rehabilitation Committee, scientific consultant of People’s Network "Popular Science China", part-time professor of Hu Jinhua Health Education and Communication Research Center of Shanghai Health Medical College, He is a member of the Expert Volunteer Group of Hu Jinhua Health Education and Communication Research Center, a member of the Expert Group of Health and Medical Communication Center of School of Media and Communication of Jiaotong University, a member of the Medical Popular Science Committee of the Chinese Popular Science Writers Association, a member of the Medical Communication Committee of the Science Popularization Medical Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and a quality control leader of the nutrition specialty in Putuo District. More than 30 papers have been published in core journals by the first author or correspondent, including 4 papers in SCI English and 6 papers in Chinese series, and won the second prize of excellent papers in the 13th and 14th National Conference on Clinical Nutrition for two consecutive times.

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Expectant mothers enjoy crabs well. When "fitness people" encounter mala Tang "double reduction", they will not reduce nutrition and supplement nutrients, which will help eye health.

Tongji hospital was founded in 1900 by German doctor erich Baolong, and tongji hospital is the only third-class first-class general hospital in Putuo District. The annual number of outpatient and emergency services exceeds 2 million. It has the most important disciplines of orthopedics and psychiatry in Shanghai, the key disciplines of cardiovascular medicine in Shanghai, the key specialties of spinal surgery, psychosomatic medicine and gastroenterology in Shanghai, and the demonstration department of traditional Chinese medicine in Shanghai. Realize the selection of emergency and critical care disciplines, geriatrics, laboratory medicine and clinical medicine disciplines into the Shanghai municipal platform discipline construction plan; There are three dominant disciplines in the hospital: sports-nerve-spirit discipline group led by orthopedics, circulation-respiration-chest discipline group led by cardiology, and digestive-general surgery-endocrinology discipline group led by gastroenterology. As well as hematology-tumor-imaging-pathology-laboratory discipline group led by hematology department and obstetrics-gynecology-urology-kidney-reproduction discipline group led by obstetrics and gynecology department. The hospital integrates the advantages of disciplines, and based on multidisciplinary cooperation, the treatment system for refractory and relapsed hematological malignancies established by the Department of Hematology was selected into the national key clinical discipline construction project. And successfully built three national-level centers-advanced stroke center, chest pain center and trauma treatment center, and became a large-scale comprehensive diagnosis and treatment center for critical and intractable diseases in northwest Shanghai. It has established a national-level international scientific and technological cooperation base-the International Joint Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, the Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education, and the Sino-US Joint Research Base for Stem Cells.It has a high-level expert team represented by the national key R&D plan, the 973 chief scientist and the national 100 million talents project. Undertake more than 20 national key projects such as national key R&D plan and 973 plan. The achievements have been published in top international authoritative academic journals such as Nature, Science and Cell. Won the second prize of national natural science, the first prize of natural science of the Ministry of Education, the first prize of scientific and technological progress of the Ministry of Education, the first prize of Huaxia Medical Science and Technology Award, the first prize of Shanghai Scientific and Technological Progress Award, the first prize of Science and Technology Award of China Rehabilitation Medical Association, the outstanding contribution award of Shanghai medical development and the achievement promotion award of Shanghai Medical Science and Technology Award.

As a century-old modern hospital, tongji hospital is dedicated to superb medical skills, and has formed a warm "home" culture with Tongji characteristics and a healthy communication culture that serves the people wholeheartedly. With the spirit of helping others and the world, he has given full play to Tongji people’s broad mind of "sharing the same boat with one heart and one mind" in previous major rescue and disaster relief, international aid and poverty alleviation, and spread Tongji’s patriotic feelings all over the earth.

Original title: "[Concern] How to taste dumplings healthily during the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month? 》

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Running is a very effective exercise to lose weight, and it is the first choice for the majority of dieters. However, due to the lack of relevant sports knowledge, many people will encounter many problems when they lose weight by running.

For example, I think that the more I run, the more fat I consume, so I am desperate to run wildly, and I can’t wait to run tens of thousands of kilometers in one day to consume all the body fat.

The more you run, the more fat you consume. To some extent, this view is correct. But the problem is that the human body has its limits. A body with an excessive body fat rate cannot run forever. Even if you think you can keep running, your body is gradually collapsing.

Every time you run, there is actually a limit value. When you are about to reach the limit, your body will show some signals as a warning. If you run faster, when you reach the limit, your running speed will drop uncontrollably. No matter how fast you want to run, you can’t take a bigger step. This is because there is little muscle glycogen left in your body, and the proportion of fat consumption has reached the maximum, but the energy provided by fat consumption is actually not much, which is not enough to support your running faster. This is a very important signal that your body can’t run much longer.

If the brain is still trying to run at this time, it can only decompose the protein in the muscle to provide energy as a supplement, which is very harmful to the muscle tissue and the root cause of running off the muscle. While consuming protein’s function, the brain will secrete endorphins, which is a natural analgesic and can relieve the pain of reaching the limit. At this time, you will suddenly change from a painful running state to a light-footed one. This is actually a second warning, but many people mistakenly think that running is getting better and better, so they will run more and expand the harm caused by excessive running.

After the muscle mass caused by long-term excessive running decreases, the basal metabolic rate of the body will also decrease, and the speed of fat loss will slow down. This is really "going too far".

In addition, excessive running in desperate pursuit of running distance will also lead to terrible consequences such as joint wear, muscle strain and even acute renal failure.

The process of losing weight is very long, and there is no shortcut at all. If you run moderately and develop running habits slowly, the body fat rate will gradually decrease unconsciously.

I am a person who can hardly exercise. For me, standing is the most intense exercise.

Although I have long known that exercise has countless benefits, I have always wanted to take the first step, but when I see people around me who are struggling to exercise,Spend an hour or two sweating in the gym every day., who all want to back down?

However, watching a documentary recently actually made me take the first step of exercise, because it let me know that exercise is not a hard job at all!

The documentary also said: those who work hard in the gym for an hour or two are simply thankless. As long as you master the method,Just 2 minutes a week., you can achieve excellent fitness results!

The host of this documentary is?Professor michael mosley, a medical journalist(Dr Michael Mosley), he has always been a lazy man, and in the matter of exercise, he wants to?Spend the least effort?Get the biggest return.

Medical journalist Dr Michael Mosley.

In order to realize his dream, the whole BBC team is in full swing, accompanying him to visit sports experts in various fields and looking for?Super high efficiency?The exercise method. This process was filmed as the documentary The Truth About Getting Fit.

Anyone who wants to exercise but doesn’t want to work hard must not miss this documentary!

At the beginning of the documentary, Michael will?overturn?A popular saying: "You can stay young and healthy by walking 10,000 steps every day".

The idea of 10,000 steps first came from a marketing campaign more than 50 years ago. A Japanese company invented the "10,000-step pedometer", and while sponsoring the Tokyo Olympics, it relied on a sentence.10 thousand steps a day"The advertising words are deeply rooted in people’s hearts.

But do you have to walk 10 thousand steps to be effective?

In order to find out the truth, Michael consulted Professor Rob Copland of Harlem University in Sheffield, and he will arrange a controlled experiment to verify this theory.

Note: In order to make the public understand the BBC documentary,

Experimental methods with small samples and not rigorous enough are often adopted, but they still have certain reference.

He divided six people into two groups to take part in the experiment:

The first group (Gillian, Dave, Dai Lun): Walk 10,000 steps every day, unlimited speed, about 8 kilometers.

Group 2 (Nathan, Gary, Judy): 10 minutes three times a day,doubleAbout 3000 steps, about 2.4 kilometers.

In the experiment, both groups wore activity monitors, which could track their activities throughout the day and monitor their heart rates. Professor Copeland said that the increase in heart rate caused by exercise can?Strengthen heart and lung function, is an important indicator to measure the effect of sports.

After the experiment began, the members of the first group worked hard to achieve the goal of 10 thousand steps, because 10 thousand steps were too difficult to complete!

Of the three people, only Dave and Dai Lun managed to finish the task. Gillian washed the bowl and deliberately walked back and forth several times, but only walked more than 5000 steps in one day.

In contrast, the members of the second group are much more relaxed.

They met for a brisk walk, and 10 minutes passed quickly. Unconsciously, they easily completed the indicators.

On the one hand, it is difficult to move forward, and on the other hand, it is easy to reach the standard. What is the effect of their exercise?

Professor Copeland published?Surprising?Experimental results of:

Although the first group is more tired, the exercise effect of the second group is better.?better!

He explained that this is because the brisk walking adopted by the second group belongs to moderate to intense physical exercise, and the intensity is increased by 30% compared with the usual walking.

Comparatively speaking, although the walking time of the second group is shorter, the intensity of cardiopulmonary exercise is greater, so the effect is better than that of the first group.

Michael’s first discovery saved him 7000 steps every day.

But lazy, he is not satisfied with this! Last time he found out?More labor-saving?Movement, this time he turned to.?More time-saving?The exercise method.

He went to visit.?High intensity intermittent exercise(HIIT) expert Niels worrall.

Experts from worrall arranged for six white-collar workers to participate in a five-week exercise program.

Before the exercise, the six people first took an aerobic fitness test.

Aerobic fitness refers to human intake, transportation and utilization.?oxygen?The ability. People with good aerobic fitness will run for 1000 meters without breathing. On the contrary, people with poor aerobic fitness will be panting after climbing several stairs.

After testing aerobic fitness, Niels worrall asked these white-collar workers to do it on a spinning bike every week?3 groups of 40 seconds?HIIT training.

In other words, every week they only need?Exercise for 2 minutes. After five weeks, these people only exercised in total.?10 minutes.

However, five weeks later, when six white-collar workers took the physical fitness test again, their?Aerobic fitness?An average increase of 11%!

Worrall explained,

This is because HIIT can stimulate deep muscles.

Deep muscles are hidden around the bones of the body, which plays a role in coordinating the body and supporting the bones and joints. Ordinary exercise is difficult to involve, and HIIT can activate them.

In addition, HIIT can rapidly consume muscle glycogen.

Muscle glycogen is the sugar stored in muscle. When people exercise vigorously, the body will break down the sugar in muscle and provide energy for the body.

Worrall asked a white-collar worker to do three groups of HIIT for 2 minutes, and compared his muscle glycogen levels before and after exercise.

The results showed that his muscle glycogen level decreased.?24%?As much as, if you use other sports methods, you may have to?45 minutes?In order to achieve the same effect.

Finally, HIIT can also exercise the heart and lungs and improve the whole cardiovascular system.

HIIT is good, but it is not convenient for everyone to go to the gym to ride a spinning bike. In order to let everyone enjoy the benefits of HIIT, Michael specially invited Beth Philips from Nottingham University to design a set of HIIT training without any auxiliary tools.

This training takes a total of 5 minutes, namely:1-minute arm jump, 1-minute squat, 1-minute run, 1-minute arm jump, 1-minute squat..

You can also easily complete this set of movements at home, and the exercise effect is comparable to HIIT of spinning bike.

Besides HIIT,Strength training?It is also a very popular exercise method in recent years.

In order to find out?Have the best effect?The way of strength training, Michael came to Glasgow University, where sports researchers Stuart Gray and Nai Stefanacci are working.?Test weightlifting and light liftingWhich effect is better.

The experiment they designed was completed by five women. Before the experiment began, all the people took a strength test, and the researchers will record what they can lift.?maximum weight.

During the experiment, the participants lifted the dumbbells with one hand and the light dumbbells with the other, and both hands should be lifted until they have no strength. The hand that lifts light things takes longer to reach the fatigue point than the other hand. Their legs also had a heavy and light exercise.

For six weeks, they conducted two groups of training every week. After the training, they accepted the strength test again, and the results showed that:

There is no difference between lifting weights and light weights at all, and the muscle strength of both hands and legs is almost the same.

Their hands muscles have been strengthened by 18%-19%, and their legs muscles have been strengthened by 25%, and there is no difference because of the different weights on both sides.

After learning this result, five participants said that they would rather lift weights because of the short time.

Therefore, it is simple to save time by lifting weights.

Unlike strength training, running is the most popular sport because it doesn’t need any instruments and equipment and is very convenient to perform.

In order to explore the truth of running, Michael came to St. Mary’s University in London and asked John Brewer, an exerciser, about it.?run?The problem.

We always think that running will damage the knee joint, but is this true?

Brewer said,Running will not only hurt the knee joint, but also benefit it..

This is because the regular pressure generated by running can bring more oxygen and nutrients into articular cartilage.Conducive to cartilage repair and growth.

Michael, the host, found it unbelievable, so Brewer asked him to do an experiment to compare knee pressure.

In the experiment, Michael put a sensor on his knee, then walked a certain distance at the designated position, and then he ran the same distance.

Then, the computer will analyze the pressure on the knee when walking and running.

As can be seen from the above picture, although the pressure on the knees is greater when running than when walking,But it takes less time to cause stress.. Generally speaking, the time for running to produce stress is only half of that for walking, because people have longer strides and shorter contact time between their feet and the ground.

The blue bar represents the stress time caused by walking.

The red column represents the stress time caused by running.

In the above experiment, the total pressure on Michael’s knees when he runs is smaller than when he walks.

Brewer said that these pressures are completely within the acceptable range of the human body, because the human body structure can fully load walking and running. Imagine if our ancestors couldn’t run, how could they survive the competition of nature?

Whether it is to avoid or chase prey, people need to use the skill of running, which has been used to this day.

Nevertheless, if you run in the wrong way, such as running too fast, running for too long, running on uneven or slippery ground, you may cause injuries.

After visiting a number of sports experts, Michael has mastered four major exercise truths:

1. Walking 10,000 steps slowly every day is better than walking 3,000 steps quickly.

2. HIIT for 2 minutes per week can effectively improve aerobic fitness.

3, it takes a short time to lift the dumbbell to fatigue, which can effectively strengthen the muscles.

4. Running won’t hurt your knees.

Michael’s next stop is to visit a physiologist, Professor Sirsa Osullevin. He wants to know why some people love running so much.

Professor O ‘Sullivan said that people will produce endogenous pheromones when running. This kind of substance spontaneously produced by the human body is very similar in structure to the alcohol in * *, which will excite.?Positive mood, increase appetite, bring pleasure..

Besides running, other exercises can also produce endogenous hormones, which explains why some people feel uncomfortable without exercise for a day. Because exercise can really make people happy. Professor O ‘Sullivan believes that "endogenous pheromone" is one set up by the body?Incentive mechanism to encourage exercise.

In order to let Michael witness the power of running, Professor O ‘Sullivan arranged for three runners to jog.

After running, the endogenous pheromone in participants’ bodies increased by 30% compared with that before running!

Professor O ‘Sullivan explained that the endogenous pheromone produced during this exercise is within a safe range and can make people excited to the right degree.

After reading "The Truth of Exercise", I was eager to try, and immediately did a 5-minute HIIT exercise, and sure enough, I immediately felt High.

It turns out that,Exercise can also be a simple and happy thing!Friend, you might as well try it!

Under the epidemic situation, after nearly 580 days of waiting, China women’s volleyball team finally ushered in its first official match. On May 1st, China women’s volleyball team will take part in the test match of Tokyo Olympic Games in Japan, against the host team Japan. This is the first time that China women’s volleyball team has participated in the official competition since September 2019.

Before going to Japan, China women’s volleyball team had a 50-day special training at Zhangzhou Sports Training Base in Fujian. In the south area of the base, next to the No.1 Hall of China Women’s Volleyball Team, which is full of the flavor of the 1980s, a tombstone stood quietly for 30 years accompanied by two junipers. The tombstone reads: A pioneer of volleyball in China is buried here.

The deceased was Jiaxiang Qian, a famous Shanghai volleyball player, who had been focusing on volleyball all his life and was called "volleyball money". He is also the third head coach in the history of women’s volleyball in China, and has served as the director of the Volleyball Department of the State Sports Commission, the secretary-general and vice-chairman of the China Volleyball Association.

In 1970s, Jiaxiang Qian was appointed by the State Sports Commission at that time to choose Zhangzhou as the volleyball training ground, and transferred his team to this "national training". Therefore, Zhangzhou base not only helped women volleyball team to stage the glory of "five consecutive championships", but also witnessed the great cause of "ten champions" in the future, and became the eternal "mother’s family" of China women volleyball team.

Golden bamboo shed

"The leaders attach importance to it, the masses love it, the products are rich and the climate is pleasant. This is the superior condition for Zhangzhou to build a volleyball base." Zhong Jiaqi, the old director of Fujian Zhangzhou Sports Training Base, remembered these 16 words clearly. He is 87 years old and still has a loud voice and clear logic. Zhong Jiaqi, a Shanghainese, came to Fujian with the South Service Group in his early years. At the age of 25, he became the first director of Zhangzhou Sports Commission, and worked as the head of the base for 17 years, working with Jiaxiang Qian for many years.

At that time, Premier Zhou Enlai proposed that "sports should be revived". Wang Meng, then director of the State Sports Commission, recalled Zhang Zhihuai, Jiaxiang Qian and other "professionals" from the cadre school.

At that time, the Japanese women’s volleyball team, known as the "Oriental Witch", dominated the women’s volleyball world. In November, 1964, Hirofumi Komatsu visited China for the first time and was received twice by Zhou Enlai, Prime Minister of the State Council, China. On April 21, 1965, at the invitation of Premier Zhou Enlai, Dasongbowen came to Shanghai for a one-month special training for China women’s volleyball team, accompanied by Jiaxiang Qian. The "Devil Training" of Dasong Bowen instilled the concept of "being strict, being difficult, starting from actual combat and training with a large amount of exercise" into China women’s volleyball girls, which was like an awakening for China women’s volleyball team that started from scratch at that time.

After that, the State Sports Commission decided to build a volleyball training base, and Jiaxiang Qian, who was the director of the volleyball department, went to the south to inspect and choose a place to build the base. At the time of the "Cultural Revolution", some local leaders paid attention to it, but it was "congenitally deficient"; In some places, the natural conditions meet, but the leaders know little about volleyball. Some officials even ask: "Is it beneficial to build a base for agriculture and industry?"

Caption: The "Bamboo Shed Pavilion" was built in 1972, from which the China women’s volleyball team worked hard and practiced their skills, and the China women’s volleyball team stepped onto the podium of the world champion.

Zhang Ran, former vice captain of China Men’s Volleyball Team, recommended his hometown-Zhangzhou, Fujian to Jiaxiang Qian. The average annual temperature here is 21 degrees Celsius, and it is not cold in winter, which is beneficial for athletes to recover their physical fitness after high-intensity training. Volleyball is also very popular in the local area. After the founding of New China, there were 800 amateur men’s and women’s volleyball teams here at the same time, which is the "hometown of volleyball". After reporting to the State Sports Commission and obtaining approval, Jiaxiang Qian decided to make a field trip.

The news that "the volleyball team should choose a base" was sent back to Fujian. Yu Kezhao, then commander of Longxi Military Division, member of the Standing Committee of Zhangzhou District Committee and director of the Sports Commission, was in command. The local finance allocated 30,000 yuan and decided to "make a look" before the inspectors of the State Sports Commission arrived. According to the introduction of people who have participated in the construction of bamboo shed, Yu Kezhao asked his people to mobilize thousands of militiamen, cut down tens of thousands of bamboo to build bamboo shed in Nanjing mountain area of Zhangzhou, and finally built a shed covering six volleyball courts with local bamboo.

After arriving in Zhangzhou, Jiaxiang Qian was tempted after visiting the bamboo shed. During reporting the plan to build a volleyball base in Zhangzhou, he transferred 12 young men’s and women’s volleyball teams to Zhangzhou in the name of the Volleyball Department of the State Sports Commission to start experimental training. Zhong Jiaqi remembers that in December 1972, 12 national volleyball teams gathered in Zhangzhou, and the first national youth volleyball winter training was held in the "bamboo shed" with simple conditions. The purpose of this training is to revitalize China volleyball and focus on training excellent sports teams. At that time, all kinds of statistical tables and notices were posted at the entrance of the station, and the average time of intensive practice for each team exceeded 7 hours every day.

Caption: Jiaxiang Qian and Zhang Ran were both members of the first national volleyball training team in winter. (Source: China Women’s Volleyball Tengfei Memorial Hall)

Once it is found that some teams have good training effects, Jiaxiang Qian will convene a meeting of coaches of all teams in the evening to impart good experiences to all teams in time. "This is our advantage at that time, the national chess game, you chase me, you learn from me, there is no secret between each other. I taught him my good method, and I learned his good method, and everyone made progress together. " Speaking of the enthusiasm of training in those days, Zhong Jiaqi’s eyes were bright and his tone rose several times. "Old money is an expert. He is grasping real things, not shouting empty slogans. It is useless to shout slogans, and training can solve problems. "

Jiaxiang Qian is an expert in technology and well-known in management. On Women’s Day in 1973, the team leader of Heilongjiang Women’s Volleyball Team gave the girls a half-day holiday, but I didn’t expect Jiaxiang Qian to "inspect the post". Under his rebuke, the team leader panicked: "We will make up for this half-day in the evening." That night, the girls returned to the stadium, tumbling and fighting, and practiced until 2 o’clock the next morning, when Jiaxiang Qian came into the gym-he came to check the make-up lessons. The Heilongjiang Women’s Volleyball Team, which took more than half a day off, stayed up all night and practiced until the East was white, which deeply touched the athletes of other teams and put them into intense training.

Caption: Zhong Jiaqi (first from the right) is the old director of the base, and Jiaxiang Qian is a good partner. "Training lasts for three months every year, and we discuss our work together every day."

Zhong Jiaqi remembers very clearly that in the first year of Zhangzhou training, the Bayi team and the Shanghai team with excellent conditions did not participate. After the training, the Liaoning team went home and passed by Beijing for a game, and the Bayi team was completely defeated; Similarly, the Shanghai team also lost to the passing Jiangsu team and Zhejiang team. In the second year of national training, Bayi team and Shanghai team volunteered to participate.

The first national training camp was successful, and the training atmosphere of hard struggle formed during it was called "bamboo shed spirit" by the sports community.

Open the door and train.

After the completion of Zhangzhou base, the national volleyball team "opened the door to train" here. As soon as the weekend arrives, the small gymnasium in the south area of the base is full of people, which is as lively as Chinese New Year. The audience who came to watch the volleyball match helped the old and took care of the young, sitting on the floor, including the PLA, workers and farmers. A wonderful spike, an effective block, can attract applause from the scene, and it is enjoyable.

Caption: The women’s volleyball team trained in that year entered various counties and cities in Zhangzhou to experience the feeling of actual combat.

In the 1970s, it was undoubtedly a blessing for ordinary people to watch high-level volleyball matches on the spot without TV sets. In addition to Zhangzhou City, Jiaxiang Qian also led a team to Zhangpu County and Longhai County to play games. Once I went to Fotan town, there was an open-air basketball court in the town, surrounded by private houses. During the game, the upstairs and downstairs were full of people, and the audience was crowded with people, and the cheers were like the tide. That competition left a photo, which was a picture of the crowd waving and encouraging to the athletes.

In summing up the growth law of players and teams, Jiaxiang Qian once had a judgment: national players "take three years to form, five years to become useful, and eight years to become useful", three years to lay the foundation and become qualified provincial athletes, five years to become the main force of the national first-class team, and after eight years of tempering, they become candidates for the national team. For a team, to be effective, it is necessary to play more than 200 domestic games and more than 100 international games every year.

Where did so many competitions come from? Jiaxiang Qian’s answer is: practice is the competition, and competition promotes practice. So every weekend, he organizes open-door competitions and training. At the same time, it is also to make young players less arrogant and arrogant. With more audiences, athletes will practice harder.

In the era of planned economy, the meat, rice and eggs in the base need to be allocated. There is another consideration in open training, which is to solve the problem of feeding the trainees. Also invited to watch the training were the heads of supply and marketing cooperatives in Zhangzhou counties and other units. Watching the ball flying all over the court, the players dived and tumbled again and again, and sweat, blood and concrete mixed together. Those responsible persons were all moved by the hard work of the women’s volleyball girls and said, "Let me know what the training team lacks."

In Zhong Jiaqi’s view, "the effect of this kind of open-door training for old money is very good. The atmosphere of the competition has been greatly improved. Everyone is chasing after me, not giving up, making rapid progress, and talents are thus selected. " After four years of winter training in Zhangzhou, the technical and tactical level of volleyball in China has advanced by leaps and bounds, and the opportunity to re-establish the national women’s volleyball team is ripe. In the spring of 1976, Yuan Weimin, the coach of the national women’s volleyball team, came to Zhangzhou base to choose a general, and Jiaxiang Qian mobilized all teams to actively train talents for the national team. Cao Huiying, Chen Zhaodi, Yang Xi and others participated in the first batch of training in Zhangzhou.

In 1979, in order to rush out of Asia, China women’s volleyball team took the Japanese and South Korean teams as catch-up targets. Jiaxiang Qian hung the slogan "Fight hard for three to five years and defeat Japan and South Korea" on the wall of the training hall.

Caption: In those days, China women’s volleyball players practiced their skills in the bamboo shed.

Japan has noticed the progress of China women’s volleyball team. In 1980, Shigeo Yamada, Minister of Strengthening Department of Japan Volleyball Association, led the second Japanese team to visit China and came to Zhangzhou. He said to Jiaxiang Qian, "Mr. Qian, you are very good at choosing a site. It is the same latitude as Cuba, and 25 degrees north latitude is the golden climate ecological belt. Training here can improve the bounce."

Jiaxiang Qian didn’t expect this at all, but the progress of volleyball in China proved that the location of Zhangzhou base was correct. The State Sports Commission mobilized six first-class teams to face the Japanese second team. In the first six games, the China team won all the games, and finally 17 wins and 7 losses. Shigeo Yamada commented at that time: As far as the base facilities are concerned, it is only the level of Japan in the 1950s, but the practice of centralized team training and national chess competition for sending players is the first in the world.

Zhong Jiaqi said with emotion: "Through the national training at the base, six teams in China have reached or even surpassed the level of the Japanese national second team. Do you think the level of the China women’s volleyball national team can be low at this time?"

On November 16th, 1981, China women’s volleyball team won the third Women’s Volleyball World Cup, achieving a breakthrough in China’s three goals. At this time, the Zhangzhou base, which was established for 9 years, gradually became known to outsiders, and foreign media called it a "secret base". Subsequently, China Women’s Volleyball Team began the journey of "five consecutive championships", and several generations of China women’s volleyball team made it a well-deserved "cradle of champions".

Loyal souls stay in the cradle

In June 1978, Zhong Jiaqi, who had been away from the Sports Commission for 14 years, was given high hopes and returned to Zhangzhou Sports Training Base as the director. At that time, China women’s volleyball team had just been reorganized for more than a year.

"How to ensure that athletes can have sufficient nutrition when they receive large-scale training, so that they can eat well, eat satisfactorily, and practice better?" Zhong Jiaqi and Jiaxiang Qian, who have been athletes, hit it off: We must do a good job in ensuring the life service of athletes.

During the early training period, there were hard-trained teams dragging their seats, and as a result, they could only eat cold leftovers when they returned to the cafeteria. "Jiaxiang Qian was very angry at the time and made it clear to me that the last sports team that finished training should not only eat hot dishes and hot meals, but also eat better than the team that finished training early!" Zhong Jiaqi introduced that by strengthening the management of canteens, all teams are also guided to train hard.

Jiaxiang Qian also took the chef to the training ground and let the chef watch the team members’ hard training. "Once it was close to dinner, I watched the China women’s volleyball training at the venue, and Lang Ping was hungry and wanted to hit 100 good shots. Eat after practice, and eat after class if you don’t practice well. Not only her, but every member of the China Women’s Volleyball Team is so hard. " Yan Wenzhong, an old chef, recalled that by approaching the women’s volleyball players, the base staff had a sense of responsibility as a "family member". "As long as the team is still training, our chef will never rush and never leave early." Today, Zhangzhou base still has the tradition of letting the team that finishes class at the latest eat the best meals.

Caption: Before retiring, Yan Wenzhong was the head chef of the base, and once specially launched the "China Women’s Volleyball Recipe" to ensure that the soldiers could "eat" after hard training.

"When Lang Ping was a team member, the women’s volleyball team had mung bean soup at noon and longan porridge at night. Just after exercise, you can drink sour plum soup to appetize, and nutritious things can be eaten." Yan Wenzhong said that under the influence of Jiaxiang Qian, he will also take the initiative to observe the eating habits of athletes and keep them in mind silently: Yuan Weimin loves seafood, Zheng Meizhu and Hou Yuzhu are used to sweet and sour taste, Lang Ping is the most appetizing to eat tomatoes mixed with sugar, Chen Yaqiong is the most fascinated by oyster frying, Lai Yawen and Su Huijuan have a preference for grouper and stewed pigeon soup …

When the conditions in Zhangzhou base were difficult, many homesick women volleyball girls would secretly shed tears during the Spring Festival. Jiaxiang Qian arranged recreational activities while doing the girls’ ideological work with the coaches. At the Spring Festival party, the girls wrote and performed their own programs, and Lao Qian also performed on the stage, which made the girls laugh. For 13 Spring Festival holidays, Jiaxiang Qian spent the holidays with the team at the base.

In the spring of 1990, Zhangzhou began to welcome the winter training of the first-class national women’s volleyball team. The staff had already made the bed for Jiaxiang Qian and waited for him to command the national training again. Unexpectedly, the bad news came suddenly: 64-year-old Jiaxiang Qian died unexpectedly in Beijing. On his deathbed, he told me to scatter half of his ashes in Zhangzhou Sports Training Base.

Wang Jiawei, the former coach of China Men’s Volleyball Team, greatly admired his predecessor Jiaxiang Qian. In 1998, he led all the men’s volleyball soldiers to pay homage to Jiaxiang Qian’s tomb. This China Men’s Volleyball Team led the team to regain the Asian Championship after 18 years’ absence, successfully defended its title in the Asian Championship in 1999, and won the Asian Championship in 1998, winning the triple crown in Asia. Wang Jiawei also funded the renovation of Qian Lao’s tombstone in the base.

Caption: Wang Jiawei (first from left), former head coach of China Men’s Volleyball Team, reveres his predecessor Jiaxiang Qian.

Lang Ping is also in Zhangzhou base, "Xiao He just showed his sharp corner". Lang Ping’s Autobiography published in 1999 has such a passage on page 82: "There is also our old-timer Comrade Jiaxiang Qian, who did a lot of work for the take-off of the women’s volleyball team, and he was still running for the cause of the women’s volleyball team until he died of serious illness. Therefore, as long as I have the ability, I have to contribute everything I can to the China women’s volleyball team. "

Wang Erkang, a former honorary team leader of China Men’s Volleyball Team, said: "China Women’s Volleyball Team is a heroic group, especially in the low valley, there are still a group of people who work silently without paying back. It is because of their silent efforts that China women’s volleyball team has achieved today. In my impression, Jiaxiang Qian is a predecessor who should not be easily forgotten. "

This spring, flowers are sent to Jiaxiang Qian’s grave from time to time, and evergreen cypress trees are flourishing, which is as endless as the spirit of women’s volleyball.

Editor-in-Chief: Chen Hua

Author: Liu Xueyan Chen Hua Shi Jiani

Text Editor: Chen Hua

Title source: Haishar

　　CCTV News:The New Year holiday is approaching, and many people plan to travel by high-speed rail during the holiday. Now you may have another choice. On the 28th, the Shijiazhuang-Jinan high-speed railway was officially opened for operation, and the travel time between the two places was further shortened. At 8: 00 am on the 28th, the first train from Shijiazhuang Station started and arrived at Jinan West Station at 10: 07 am as scheduled.

　　Food is waiting for you along the way.

　　After the opening of the Shijiazhuang-Jinan high-speed railway, the journey from Shijiazhuang to Jinan will be shortened from 4 hours to 120 minutes, and it will only take 5 hours to Qingdao. That is to say, you can take a train from Shijiazhuang in the morning and have a seafood dinner at noon! What must-eat foods are there along the way?

　　In Shijiazhuang, cold palace noodles are an essential food.The noodles in Gaocheng Palace in Shijiazhuang are only 0.7 mm in diameter. Although the noodles are thin, they are hollow in the middle. The first choice for making cold noodles is Gaocheng Palace Noodles. The production of Gaocheng Palace Noodles began in the Zhenguan period of Tang Dynasty, and it was listed as the best imperial food in Qing Dynasty because of its fine craftsmanship and unique flavor, so it was called Palace Noodles.Gaocheng Palace is soft and smooth, and it is not bad for cooking, so it is loved by many people.

　　The train went all the way to the east and came to Xinji. Xinji Crispy Sugar is a famous folk snack in Hebei. xinji city has been called Shulu County since Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty. Since ancient times, it has the reputation of poetry and painting, so it is also called.Golden deer crisp candy. It is made by traditional technology, with obvious layering. A crisp candy can reach 6561 layers, also known as thousand-layer crisp. The crisp candy is yellowish in color, shaped like a twist, delicate and delicate like a handicraft, and tastes crisp, fragrant, crisp, sweet, crisp but not scattered, crisp but not broken, sweet but not greasy.

　　From Xinji to the east, after Hengshui and Jingzhou, you came to Dezhou, where you must have heard of braised chicken. Many people know that braised chicken is delicious, but few people know its birth process."Dezhou spiced boneless braised chicken" originated in the Ming Dynasty, was founded in the Qing Dynasty, spread in the Republic of China, and flourished today, with a history of more than 300 years. At the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, Dezhou, as an important transit point of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, followed the river from Kyoto to nine provinces.In 2014, the production skills of Dezhou braised chicken were included in the national intangible cultural heritage representative project.

　　Don’t miss the beautiful scenery along the way

　　The opening of the Shijie high-speed railway opens the "shopping" mode. Besides the delicious food along the way, the beautiful scenery is also something you can’t miss.

　　In Shijiazhuang,Zhengding Rongguo Mansion is a place you can’t miss. It is also the shooting location of the 87th edition of A Dream of Red Mansions. It broke ground in 1984 and was opened in 1986. It covers a total area of 37,000 square meters and is divided into two parts: Rongguo Mansion and Ningrong Street. Completely in accordance with the description in the classical literary masterpiece A Dream of Red Mansions, it was jointly demonstrated by experts in redology and ancient architecture, and was strictly designed and built with reference to the prevailing norms of wooden buildings in China in the Qing Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty Code.

　　At the same time, Zhengding is also the birthplace of Yuanqu. Nowadays, in Zhengding Yuanqu Museum, there are not only more than a dozen musical instruments accompanied by Yuanqu, such as drums, suona, zhongruan, pipa, etc., but also the script form of Yuanzaju and the five palaces, four tones and qupai of formal singing are illustrated on the exhibition wall. When you walk in here, people will always involuntarily sing along with the Yuanqu minor played in the museum.

　　I came to Gaocheng, the hometown of palace lanterns.Traditional Gaocheng Palace lanterns are all hand-made, and the process is extremely complicated, such as making the base, sawing bamboo pieces, scraping bamboo strips, punching bamboo holes and piercing bamboo strips … … Among the 56 processes, the most critical one is scraping bamboo strips. If the bamboo strips are scraped unevenly, the radian will be different after bending, and the lanterns will not be round.Want to make lanterns round and good, every step is very elegant.

　　The train continues eastward to Xinji, which is the northern leather capital of China and Xinji International Leather City. Since its opening in 2010, it has settled in 1,200 enterprises, 32 world famous brands, more than 100 national brands and provincial brands.

　　The last stop of Shijike Passenger Dedicated Line in Hebei is Jingzhou Station, and the first stop after entering Shandong is Dezhou East Station.In this border area between Hebei and Shandong, the culture is of the same origin. In the Han Dynasty, it belonged to Guang Chuan, and it was also the hometown of Dong Zhongshu, a great scholar in the Han Dynasty. There are Jingzhou Tower, Gao’s tombs, Feng’s tombs and Dong Zi Cultural Park in Jingzhou.

　　The train enters Jinan, which is a famous spring city. When you come to the spring city, the first thing you experience is the spring water.The 800 springs in Jinan are divided into ten spring groups, such as Baotu Spring and Black Tiger Spring. The ten spring cities, such as Chaoran Zhiyuan, Minghu Tingqu and Quanshuiren, are beautiful. The most famous one is Baotu Spring, which ranks first among all springs in Jinan. According to legend, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty went down to the south of the Yangtze River and drank his own Yuquan water in Beijing along the way. When he tasted Baotu Spring water, he immediately changed the water and named Baotu Spring "the first spring in the world".

A few days ago, the Tram House was informed of a set of pictures of the new Volkswagen Golf. It is reported that the new car will be listed in the near future. In terms of power, the car will be equipped with a light mixing system, so it will also have a good performance in fuel saving.

In terms of appearance, the new Volkswagen Golf has been fine-tuned, and decorative strips have been added to the front face, making the layering more full. In addition, the shape of the light group of the new car has been optimized, and the running light belt has effectively improved the exquisiteness of the vehicle.

The side body continues to be consistent with the current model. It is worth noting that the golf GTI model will add petal-shaped rims, and the recognition and fashion sense are improved compared with the current models.

In terms of interior, the new golf will be equipped with a larger central control screen, and a 12.9-inch or 15-inch OLED central control screen will be provided depending on the configuration. The size of the LCD instrument is still 10.25 inches, and the integration of vehicle information is more comprehensive.

In terms of power, the new golf regular version will be equipped with a 1.5T four-cylinder engine and a light mixing system, and the GTI model will be equipped with a 2.0T high-power engine.

Source: Tram House https://www.zhev.com.cn/news/show-1657894645.html