Source: official website of Nanlinda University

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Qin Ying compiled

　　Autumn is the harvest season. This autumn, Wang Jun, who wasted his spring and summer, received a notice from Nanjing Forestry University that he had to quit school because he had not completed his required studies.

　　As early as a year ago, Nanjing Forestry University gave advice to Wang Jun, a 2012 student, on how to drop out of school. His mother took him to the school to beg, hoping to give her children another chance to stay on campus. In view of his health reasons, the school agreed to demote Wang Jun for one year. However, a year later, he was almost obsessed with playing games, but he still didn’t get enough credits.

　　This time, Wang Jun’s mother didn’t come to school again. "I can imagine how disappointed this mother should be." The tone of Professor Gao Handong, deputy director of the Academic Affairs Office of Nanjing Forestry University, is also somewhat regrettable.

　　In 2014, Nanjing Forestry University issued the Measures for Undergraduate Students’ Academic Warning and Assistance (Trial), which gave students yellow, orange and red academic warnings according to the seriousness of their unfinished studies, and those who were given red warnings were dismissed from school. There were 18 red warnings in the second half of 2014, 13 in the first half of 2015 and 18 in the second half of 2015. In a year and a half, Nanlin University persuaded 49 students to leave.

　　Being expelled from school, as far as students are concerned, means that college dreams are broken; As far as his family is concerned, it means that the parents who want their children to become dragons and daughters to become phoenixes are cold; As far as the school is concerned, it means that it has to make a choice to eliminate "unqualified products" and defend the teaching quality and the reputation of the school.

　　The reporter visited some universities in Nanjing and found that this move by Nanjing Forestry University is not an isolated case. Say no to the cultivation of talents in colleges and universities, walk into such colleges and universities, approach the students who have been dropped out of school, approach their teachers and peers, and lift the veil in the corner of the campus where "youth and confusion are squeezed".

　　A student who has been dismissed.

　　"The university has just started, but I didn’t expect it to end."

　　Wang Jun, a 2012 student of Nanjing Forestry University, was demoted in November 2014 because of the orange academic warning, and was dismissed from school in June 2015 because she reached the red warning. In the fall of 2015, I applied for a demotion trial, but I failed to complete enough credits in the first semester and was terminated. After extending the trial again in the spring of 2016, I only got 7.5 credits, and finally I was terminated and dropped out of school.

　　In the memory of a teacher in Wang Jun, he seldom attended self-study classes and was almost obsessed with playing games. Although he failed many courses, he seemed to have nothing to do with himself. He didn’t take more than 40 credits in three years. "What does it mean to have more than 40 credits? Nearly 20 courses failed! " The teacher looked helpless and puzzled.

　　Xin Li, a 2014 student of Nanlin University, was given a red warning in May 2015 because his credits did not exceed 4 points in one semester, and was subsequently dismissed from school. After applying for demotion for one year, I resumed my student status and returned to my original class in September 2016.

　　This gentle-looking, slow-talking boy, together with several other students, broke the record of Nanlin’s big red warning: after just one semester in college, he was dismissed from school. In the first semester of college, he got only 4 credits and failed 4 courses.

　　Xin Li comes from a big city in the west. Like many peers, from primary school to high school, she is surrounded by school assignments and various off-campus tutoring, and has experienced countless nights of studying hard. "At that time, the teacher always said, now eat more bitter, and you will go to heaven if you are admitted to college!" Xin Li said. Looking forward to it, looking forward to it, and finally waiting for the day when I am admitted to the university, it is time to have a good time. "liberated!" Xin Li described his mentality when he first entered Nanlin University. Finally, he didn’t have to work as hard as senior three, so he could play as he wanted.

　　Soaking in Internet cafes and playing games, Xin Li released his game addiction that had been suppressed for three years in high school. In the first semester of college, the internet cafe next to the school was his frequent place. He seldom goes to study at night, because there are no teachers or parents around to urge him to study. In this way, in a state of idleness, the first semester of Xin Li’s university passed easily. He didn’t pay attention to the stipulation in the materials distributed by the school when he entered the school: if he got no more than 4 points in a semester, he would be given a red warning and dropped out.

　　"It’s like a blow to the head, and I’m scared … …” Even today, talking about hearing the news of being dropped out of school, Xin Li still has sweat on his head. "The university just started, but I didn’t expect it to end!"

　　Wen Chao, a 2014 student of Nanlin University, failed in seven courses in his freshman year and five courses in his sophomore year. In September 2016, he was given an orange warning and dropped one grade to resume his studies.

　　Talking with Wen Chao, it was an autumn afternoon, with drizzle hitting the window and misty rain on campus. Wen Chao looked out of the window and said, "It’s raining outside like this, so many feelings will come out of my heart and I want to write it."

　　Wen Chao, who is particularly fond of writing, has a literary talent and has written more than 500,000 words of literary works. The summer after the college entrance examination, he wrote more than 100,000 words of online novels.

　　But Wen Chao studied science and engineering. Often at two or three o’clock in the middle of the night, he gets up and holds the computer or pen and paper to write. "About 70% or 80% of the energy is spent on writing, and there is very little time for professional study." Wen Chao said that because he had a good foundation in science in high school, he didn’t take professional courses seriously. He listened in class and almost never reviewed after class. "The power is biased!" Looking back on his two years in college, Wen Chao was a little annoyed.

　　Ma Ning, a 2013 student of Nanlin University, has been repeatedly warned by yellow studies.

　　When it comes to Ma Ning, Teacher Li Jing, the counselor of the School of Science, is somewhat in distress situation: he is too obsessed with playing games, playing with his mobile phone and computer, sometimes playing with his mobile phone and computer together, looking at what is in his hand and thinking about what is on the table, and often playing late into the night. "Then, it is truancy, he can’t get up in the morning! I tried to wake him up by calling his cell phone every morning, but he turned it on mute. I simply told his dormitory classmates to wake him up in the morning, and if they don’t get up, they can lift his quilt. "

　　As a counselor, Li Jing often urges Ma Ning, whether in the classroom, on the road or in the dormitory, as long as he meets him, he reminds him, "Don’t play games!" Excavate can’t remember how many times I talked with him. Ma Ning sometimes even patted the table and swore "never to play again", but after two days, he took care of it again.

　　Parents of dismissed students

　　"There is only one plea: let the children stay."

　　In the face of children being dismissed by universities, parents’ mood may be the most complicated of all.

　　When Wang Jun dropped out of school in 2015, Wang Jun’s parents came to Nanlin University. My mother burst into tears in front of the person in charge of the academic affairs office: what should I do if I drop out of school after studying for so many years? The child’s life is ruined!

　　Gao Beilei, deputy director of the Academic Affairs Office of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, has also encountered such a situation: "A mother who has been persuaded to withdraw her students has been crying behind me. No matter how you explain it, she has only one plea: let her children stay. However, the school has its own system, and we can only harden our hearts and say, please don’t affect our work. "

　　Xin Li and Wen Chao’s parents, both in western provinces, rushed to school as soon as they heard that their children had been dropped out of school and given an orange warning. Xin Li said that at the beginning, he didn’t know how to tell his father about dropping out of school. After making a phone call, his father didn’t blame much. He rushed to Nanjing on a starry night to discuss with his teacher how to cherish the opportunity of trial reading. "My father’s actions gave me confidence. I felt love and trust from him."

　　There are also parents of students, especially parents of some wealthy families, who are calm or even indifferent to their children being persuaded to leave. Gao Handong, deputy director of the Academic Affairs Office of Nanlin University, said that when a parent from Taizhou, Jiangsu Province came to the school to discuss how to help students, he listened to the teacher and kept answering the phone to do business. "The business is more important than children’s studies. At first, I received a phone call from the school, but later I simply didn’t come to the school. I let my children drift and didn’t mind the interruption of their studies. Perhaps, they just want to gild their children and increase their experience. "

　　The teachers in the Academic Affairs Office of colleges and universities are most upset to see the parents of low-income families from rural and urban areas in the central and western regions: children are the hope of the whole family, and the fate of changing the family is pinned on them. Parents worked hard to support their children, and their children went to college at a cold window. They seemed to see the dawn of the family’s future, but they were suddenly dissuaded! Dawn goes out, hope collapses … …

　　Teacher Li Jing introduced that Ma Ning’s home was in a medium-sized city, and his parents made a living by selling breakfast. They called his parents several times at the earliest, and the couple would arrive at school on time the next day. After several times of ineffective help, his parents didn’t come either. "If he still wastes his time like this, I really don’t know how he will face his parents who work hard to make a living if he is given further warning next!" Excavate a little hate iron not to produce helpless.

　　"University is not a legendary paradise for relaxation!" Several students who were warned of dropping out of school and orange studies seemed to have an epiphany when interviewed by reporters. When I was in middle school, because I was closely watched by my parents and teachers, and because of the pressure of my studies, my budding hearts were hidden. It’s time to release them in college. So, play games, do part-time jobs, fall in love, and be busy with clubs … … It has almost become the whole life of some students in college.

　　"Now many children, from primary school to middle school, grow up with their parents arranging everything for them. When you go to college and really start living independently, it is easy to be at a loss and get lost. " Gao Yudong said.

　　Jin Gang, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Nanlin Dali College, said that the school will do its best to help students who are warned by their studies, and will not give up on students from difficult families. "As long as I work hard, even if my learning foundation and ability are poor, the school will do my best to help them catch up."

　　The study guidance center established by Southeast University and the undergraduate study guidance center established by Nanjing University of Science and Technology are all aimed at providing academic guidance and assistance to students with academic difficulties, with the aim of preventing students from dropping out of school because of their poor learning ability.

　　Persuasion in the eyes of college teachers and students

　　"University is not ‘ Safe ’ "

　　Wang Jun looked indifferent when he was persuaded to leave school. In the view of one of his teachers, "it’s as calm as a hotel passenger leaving for home. Perhaps, he doesn’t have much nostalgia for college life."

　　Several students in Wang Jun think that persuasion is too harsh: after studying hard in the cold window for more than ten years, it is not easy to enter a university like Nanlinda University. I will graduate in another year, so why should the school be so strict? Let him go, which not only makes his future, but also warms his family. Wouldn’t it be the best of both worlds?

　　Faced with persuasion, it is difficult for students to reach a consensus. Li Bing of Nanlin Dali University is a little resentful about persuading him to quit: Some teachers make the examination questions so difficult. For students with poor foundation, even if they use their "wild power", they may not pass the exam! Zhang Ran of the School of Landscape Architecture expressed his free and easy attitude on the issue of persuasion: you can go abroad to go to college. Besides, you can also go out for employment and start a business as early as possible. Contemporary young people want to shine in life, far more than going to college.

　　"Overall, the mood of the students who dropped out of school is relatively stable, because they have been mentally prepared based on their academic achievements, that kind of ‘ Cry, make trouble and hang yourself ’ We have not encountered the fierce reaction. " A teacher from the Academic Affairs Office of Nanlin University recalled. Professor Min Yongjun, director of the Academic Affairs Office of the school, recognized Zhang Ran’s view: "Quitting may not be because of your poor ability, but because you are not suitable for studying in this school and this major. Change the platform, maybe you will perform very well. "

　　In a post bar of Nanjing Forestry University, the netizen "Tiger Ju Long Pan 123" posted: "It’s been a few years since I graduated, and I feel that the school is getting stricter and stricter. At that time, it seems that there were very few announcements about quitting school, but now every semester, it’s quite strict!"

　　Netizen "gerard_ Xiao Zhu" wrote: "I know one of them who was dropped out of school. I really can’t blame the school, because it is really self-motivated. I basically failed all the classes in one semester, failed public courses, and even missed exams. Don’t go to class if you retake, fail or even miss the exam again … … If such a student still gets the same diploma as those who study hard, what’s the point of working hard? It’s not fair to those who work hard. If his mind is really not studying, he might as well drop out of school and go to a wider world. "

　　In interviews with many universities in Nanjing, several responsible persons admitted that the current higher education does face some objective pressures. First, after the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities, the quality of students has declined compared with the past, and there are constant doubts about the quality of college students’ training from all walks of life. Second, in the face of employment pressure and external temptation, some college students’ impetuous emotions are more obvious. In their eyes, colleges and universities are no longer "ivory towers" dedicated to their studies, but become post stations that leave with diplomas. In this context, it is urgent to "strictly manage the school" and "strictly manage the school".

　　Professor Zheng Jiamao, deputy secretary of the Party Committee of Southeast University, has been the head of the academic affairs office of the school for a long time. He believes that to dissuade students in colleges and universities is to strictly control the quality of graduates, and two starting points should be identified: quality-oriented and student-oriented. Student-oriented means to let every student get the most suitable training and become a talent who benefits the society; Quality-oriented means that the graduation requirement of a school is a red line, which cannot be lowered under any circumstances, which is related to the lifeline of running a school.

　　There are 53 colleges and universities in Nanjing, and basically all have the rules and practices of persuasion. According to Zheng Jiamao, Southeast University has always insisted on strict entry and exit for students, but even if it is strict with students at ordinary times, there will be a drop-out rate of nearly two thousandths every year.

　　Among the 16,000 students in Nanjing University of Science and Technology, more than 10 students are persuaded to leave every year. Gao Beilei, deputy director of the Academic Affairs Office of South University of Technology, said that the school also implements an academic warning system, stipulating that if the credits obtained in each semester from freshman to junior are less than 15 points, the yellow warning will be given for the first time, and the red warning will be given twice and the school will be dropped out.

　　Gao Beilei said that under the influence of traditional ideas, most parents always want their children to become successful after college education, so they all take the consequences of dropping out of school very seriously and think that interrupting their studies means losing their future. However, the values of some post-90s and post-90s college students are quite different from those of their parents, and they are not so serious about dropping out of school. "Whether to re-enter the college entrance examination or start their own business, parents should communicate with their children on an equal footing, instead of sticking to the concept of never dropping out of school."

　　"University is not ‘ Safe deposit box ’ Students who lie down and don’t do it must be eliminated. After all, the quality of talent training is the bottom line for colleges and universities to survive, and it is also the expectation of society for colleges and universities. " Gao Yudong said.

　　Persuasion institutionalization

　　"Pull back the promising ones earlier and ask the hopeless ones out."

　　This fall, Wen Chao, who should have been a junior, continued to study in his sophomore year. According to the regulations, students who are warned by orange will be enrolled in the next grade. "Now I don’t engage in literary creation for the time being. I have to spend all my energy on professional study. This semester, the classroom, canteen and dormitory are already at three o’clock." Wen Chao introduced his status in the new semester.

　　"Now put 80% of your energy into your study?"

　　"Where, it’s 100% now!" Wen Chao smiled shyly.

　　Wen Chao said, thanks to the orange warning, he stepped on the brakes of his runaway writing, otherwise he would probably be dropped out of school. Wen Chao said that he has a good foundation in science. In high school, his math and physics scores were often the first in his class. Now, if he concentrates, he should be able to rebuild the failed courses.

　　On the school gate of Nanjing Forestry University, there is a school motto with eight characters: "Honest and majestic, trees and people". "As a forestry university, we know ‘ Ten years of trees ’ Truth, naturally there will be greater patience to ‘ A century-old tree man ’ 。” The words of the person in charge of Nanlin University are meaningful.

　　Before 2011, the quality control of graduates in Nanlin University mainly depended on the "clean exam" before graduation, that is, the last make-up exam before graduation for the courses that students failed in school. Pass the exam and graduate smoothly; If you fail the exam, you can continue to take the exam within two years.

　　Usually, when the academic pressure is not great, I will fail the course, and it is obviously unrealistic to expect such a "one foot at the door" as the final exam. For the final exam, teachers have two choices: first, many people are doomed to graduate without falling standards; First, demotion to help them get through, but also break through the bottom line of colleges and universities.

　　In 2011, before Nanlin University canceled the exam for the Qing Dynasty, several students consciously passed the exam without hope, so they went to the teacher for care, and later they went to the school’s academic affairs office to plead, but they were all turned back.

　　"We can’t hand over the quality control to the final exam. It’s too late. It won’t have much effect on saving students with poor academic performance. We should be strict in peacetime." Gao Handong said, "The implementation of academic warning means to bring back the promising ones earlier and invite the hopeless ones out. The key lies in moving forward, process management and precise assistance."

　　In 2014, Nanjing Forestry University issued the Measures for Undergraduate Students’ Academic Warning and Assistance (Trial), which gave yellow, orange and red academic warnings to students according to the seriousness of their unfinished studies: the credits per semester did not exceed 12 points and they failed more than two courses, yellow warning; If the credits per semester do not exceed 8 points and fail more than 3 courses, an orange warning will be given; If the credits per semester do not exceed 4 points, or the accumulated credits without courses exceed 40 points, a red warning will be issued.

　　In fact, as early as 2005, the Ministry of Education implemented the "Regulations on the Management of Students in Ordinary Colleges and Universities", which expressly required that "those whose academic performance did not meet the requirements of the school or did not complete their studies within the prescribed period of time (including suspension) should drop out of school".

　　According to the academic warning method of Nanlin University, students who have been warned by the yellow warning can take various forms of course re-examination if they still fail to pass the make-up exam at the beginning of the second semester: re-examination in shifts and re-examination in groups; At worst, the school will organize summer refresher courses and set up refresher courses in the first few weeks of the summer vacation.

　　Persuade, many people see the "strictness" of colleges and universities. Gao Handong said that there are actually many "leniency" behind it, including a series of measures such as system design, dedication to help, and giving the green light to change majors.

　　Stiffness and warmth of persuasion system

　　"As long as students don’t give up, the school will not give up."

　　Xin Li was given a red warning in May 2015, and was dismissed from school. According to the regulations, he can apply for demotion for one year, and he can successfully "resurrect" by completing the required credits within one year, restore his student status and return to his original class to continue his studies. Trial reading is the last green light that the school gives to students with poor academic performance. With the support of parents, Xin Li chose to apply for a trial study.

　　The college appointed a special teacher to help Xin Li to make a personal study plan, and was responsible for supervising and helping him. "The counselor, the teacher in charge of teaching in the college and the deputy secretary in charge of students’ work have devoted their ardent concern and selfless help to me this year." Xin Li said that the teachers’ careful guidance inspired him to keep going this year.

　　Xin Li joined a club in the school, which, in his words, was "near Zhu Zhechi". He studied by himself and discussed difficult problems with outstanding students in the club, and his enthusiasm for learning had the feeling of high school. During the one-year trial, he was required to complete 15 points, and he earned more than 20 points in both semesters.

　　"Is this year particularly hard?"

　　"much better than the third year of high school!" Xin Li relaxed a smile.

　　Help, not only for Xin Li, a student who tried to study after receiving the red warning. According to the regulations of Nanlin University, students with orange and yellow warnings also have help. Jin Gang introduced that every semester, the college will send warning notices to students and parents in duplicate, and invite parents to the school to discuss the assistance to students. On May 3rd and October 7th every year, it is the parents’ open day of the Science College, and the College makes full use of this opportunity to communicate and cooperate with parents.

　　Nanlin University mobilizes the enthusiasm from colleges to teachers to help students: at the beginning of each semester, the Academic Affairs Office will send the failed rate of each major and class in the last semester and the list of students who have been warned by yellow, orange and red to all departments, and the Academic Affairs Office will communicate with the responsible persons in charge of teaching in each department one by one to urge all departments to do a good job of assistance.

　　"In a certain class of the Institute of Chemical Technology, the failure rate of a certain course reached 30% last semester. The vice president of teaching was very shocked after seeing it and organized a detailed assistance plan. In the second semester, the failure rate of this class dropped to 10%, and the help effect was obvious. " Gao Handong said, "As long as students don’t give up, the school will not give up!"

　　There is a class teacher in Nanlin Dali University. Almost every night, she goes to the self-study classroom to check, and takes some photos outside the classroom to remind me that students are not studying hard. A student who loves to play mobile phones received the message from the class teacher: Today is the fourth time to see you playing mobile phones while studying. If I see it again, I will inform your parents … …

　　According to Jin Gang, with the dedication and persistence of helping teachers, most of the students who have been warned can consciously correct themselves. "Freshmen hold on tight. Once good habits are developed, they will not fall again in the future."

　　In Gao Handong’s view, the reason why some people stay and others leave is not mainly a matter of ability, but a matter of hard work. "Students who can be admitted to colleges and universities like Nanlinda University will have no worse ability. Just as you can’t wake a person who pretends to sleep or doesn’t want to wake up at all. Help can only bring back those who are willing to turn back, but there are always some people who are unwilling to turn back. "

　　Changing majors is a door that Nanlin University has opened to students, including academic warnings. Before changing majors, the school mainly gave the green light to outstanding students. Now Nanlinda has opened the door for four types of students to change majors: outstanding students, students with special skills and special potential, students who are not suitable for continuing their studies in their original majors due to health reasons, and students with learning difficulties.

　　Wen Chao, who loves literature, was actively arranged by the school to transfer to the Humanities College to study Chinese language and literature, but he refused. He believed in his own strength: "Where you fall, you will get up!"

　　Statistics from the Academic Affairs Office of Nanlin University show that the proportion of applications for major change has increased from 10% in 2014 to 30% at present. The proportion of permitted transfer has increased from 10% to 15%. "Except for a few majors who can only choose the best because of too many applicants, most majors can basically meet the needs of students." Yan Yongjun introduced.

　　Most of the 49 students who were dismissed by Nanlin University in the last year and a half chose to stay and try. In May 2015, among the 18 students who were given a red warning with Xin Li, 17 applied to stay for trial study. Now that the probation period has expired, there are 8 students who have successfully "revived" like Xin Li, and 9 students have not completed the academic requirements of the probation period.

　　After talking with Xin Li, I don’t know when the rain outside the window has stopped. He picked up his schoolbag, nodded goodbye to the reporter, and said that dinner was about to start in the canteen, and he would have a self-study class at night. Throughout the conversation, he rarely mentioned the word "drop out of school", but used the word "something was wrong" instead. He said that when something happened, it was really a hurdle in life and a solid fall. Although it was very painful, it was unforgettable to understand a truth: "University cannot be wasted."

　　The figure of Xin Li carrying a schoolbag gradually walked away. On campus, yellow leaves are falling in the autumn wind, and another autumn is about to pass.

　　(At the request of the interviewee, all the college students in this article are pseudonyms.)

Photo by He Zhihong, Bajiaozhai, Lushan

　 　 　 　Exhibit unique features and inherit historical relics; Hold a cultural tourism event and invite guests and friends from all over the world. From November 30th to December 1st, the first Shaoyang Tourism Development Conference was held in Langshan, Xinning. Langshan Mountain, the "good person of the mountain", which is already the "new favorite" of online celebrity tourism in Hunan Province, has ushered in a new warm and vigorous rhythm.

　　Enjoy a landscape, taste a city of Xinning, and seek a spring scenery. During the grand event, all eyes were focused on Xinning, and also on the exploration of the development path and blueprint of Shaoyang cultural tourism industry.

　　In recent years, through the protection, development and utilization of tourism resources, Shaoyang has skillfully made articles on the integration of literature and tourism, and the unique natural and cultural landscape of Shaoyang has gradually entered the vision of tourists from all over the province and the country.

　　This year’s National Day holiday alone, the city received 743,700 tourists and achieved a total tourism income of 813.9 million yuan.

　　From "bred in an inner chamber, with no one knowing her" to "My family has a daughter who has just grown up", why does the value of Shaoyang’s tourism charm keep rising?

　　Everywhere, the charm of the Millennium still exists today.

　　Shaoyang is located in the southwest of central Hunan, inhabited by 44 ethnic groups including Han, Miao, Hui, Yao and Dong, with a permanent population of 8.3 million. It is the second largest city in Hunan Province.

　　It has a history of more than 2500 years since Baigong built the city in the Spring and Autumn Period. After several dynasties’ changes and witnessing the bonfire years, Shaoyang people forged their resolute character of "being the first in the world", and walked out of Wei Yuan, Cai E, He Lvting and other historical celebrities, leaving a rich historical legacy.

　　According to incomplete statistics, there are 12 national key cultural relics protection units in Shaoyang, including 26 places, 77 provincial cultural relics protection units and 88 municipal cultural relics protection units, with a total of 1,657 immovable cultural relics. There are 2 national historical and cultural towns, 8 provincial historical and cultural towns (villages) and 51 traditional villages in China.

　　In the process of urbanization expansion and the transformation of old cities, we will adhere to the principle of "repairing the old as before" and integrate ancient buildings with urban (rural) planning and construction.

　　Baoqing ancient city wall is adjacent to Shaoshui in the east and Zijiang in the north, with a history of more than 2,000 years. Today, the 1300-meter wall of Xiwaiwan still has the function of flood control after several generations of protection and repair.

　　At the foot of the city wall, it is the famous scenery belt of Zijiang South Road in Shaoyang. Every night, tourists are woven and neon-bright, adding a touch of charm to the ancient wall.

　　Shaoyang is a red land with a glorious revolutionary tradition, with more than 160 red remains and more than 2,000 recorded martyrs.

　　Within the jurisdiction, there is the first mountain and old mountain boundary crossed by the Red Army on the way to the Long March. There is a famous anti-Japanese national salvation site in Hunan Province — — Tangtian wartime lecture college; There is a well-preserved communication office of the Eighth Route Army in Hunan … Relying on these rich red tourism resources, our city has vigorously promoted the construction of patriotic education bases, improved the red tourism route map, and cultivated a number of well-known red tourism brands.

　　Everywhere, beautiful scenery, strange mountains and beautiful waters meet all directions.

　　The unique hilly landform has created many strange and steep natural landscapes in Shaoyang.

　　For example, Langshan Mountain in Xinning, a national 5A scenic spot known as "the soul of Danxia and the treasure of the world"; The only national park in Hunan, China’s "Hulunbeier in the South" city steps Nanshan; "Magic Oasis" Suining Huang Sang; "Chunan Resort" Wugang Yunshan; Move the stream at the entrance of "Natural Gallery"; Xinshao Baishui Cave … … Every place is a masterpiece of nature.

　　As the first batch of national forest parks in China, Hunan Nanshan National Park has clearly divided the protection pilot area, tourist area, grazing area and living area, and implemented the coordinated development of ecological environment protection and tourism industry.

　　In the protected pilot area, the population of wild animals has gradually increased in recent years, and the first-class wild protected animals such as forest musk deer, merganser, white-necked pheasant and civet cat have frequently appeared, while the population of second-class wild protected animals such as black bear, leopard cat, silver pheasant and mandarin duck is also recovering and increasing. Outside the protection pilot area, nanshan pasture, with green grass slopes, herds of cows and pleasant climate, has developed into a sample demonstration site of Shaoyang’s global tourism integrating tourism, farming and animal husbandry experience, catering and consumption.

　　In the Langshan Scenic Area of Xinning, besides the beautiful Danxia Mountains and the novel and dangerous "first-line sky", there are spacious tourist centers, scenic roads extending in all directions and public service facilities everywhere.

　　Huang Sang Scenic Area in Suining, the "Kingdom of Nature", has original ecological natural landscapes such as Shili Valley, Six Goose Waterfalls, Miao King’s Old Capital and Gaopo Sea of Clouds.

　　Many years ago, there were few tourists because of poor traffic and poor infrastructure. In recent years, a standardized tourist center has been built in the scenic spot, and rows of homestays with ethnic characteristics are built by mountains and rivers, so that tourists can feel "poetry and distance" in physical and mental pleasure.

　　In order to promote high-quality original ecological tourism resources to the whole country, Shaoyang has successively issued documents such as the Master Plan of Shaoyang Tourism Development and the Special Plan of Shaoyang Western Eco-cultural Tourism Circle.

　　On the premise of fully protecting the natural landscape, the basic supporting facilities of various scenic spots have been gradually improved, and a variety of eco-tourism products such as ecological research, plateau health, wetland bird watching, self-driving cross-country and forest health preservation have been launched, forming tourist product lines such as Qimei Shaoyang sightseeing tour and eco-Shaoyang health tour.

　　By the first half of 2022, there were 42 A-level scenic spots in the city, including 1 5A-level scenic spot, 6 4A-level scenic spots and 31 3A-level scenic spots.

　　When foreign tourists come to Shao, there are more and more items to visit and enjoy, and their tourist reception capacity is getting stronger and stronger.

　　Diversified formats, new look of cultural and tourism integration exhibition

　　In August this year, the traditional festival of the Yao people, the activity of "begging for the bride" and the intangible cultural heritage concert with the theme of "Huayao on the Cloud and the charm of nature", were staged in the Yao township of Huxingshan, Longhui.

　　While enjoying the ecological beauty such as canyons, ancient trees, strange rocks and waterfalls, tourists also appreciate the traditional customs and people’s feelings of Yao people such as Huayao picking flowers, Huayao folk songs, eight-tone gongs and drums, and opening gongs and drums.

　　Shaoyang is rich in cultural tourism resources. There are 16 national intangible cultural heritage representative projects, 28 provincial representative projects, 112 municipal representative projects, 12 national representative inheritors, 25 provincial representative inheritors and 157 municipal representative inheritors.

　　There are pleasing national performances such as Huayao Picking Flowers, Wowa Folk Songs and Wugang Sixian, as well as exquisite craft inheritance such as Baoqing bamboo carving, blue calico and beachhead New Year pictures. In recent years, through the deep integration of cultural heritage and tourism resources, many non-legacy projects in our city that are on the verge of extinction have been reborn and tourism resources have been promoted.

　　In order to promote the tourism projects in Nanshan and its surrounding areas, Chengbu has made great efforts to create a brand activity of "66 Folk Song Festival".

　　At the turn of summer and autumn every year, Chengbu invites tourists from all over the country to watch performances in Shao by holding folk song competitions, and introduces intangible cultural heritages such as hanging dragons, Miao boxing and fighting chickens in Chengbu. At the same time, it promotes tourism projects in Nanshan and its surrounding areas, so as to realize cultural inheritance and tourism development go hand in hand.

　　In order to attract more tourists from inside and outside the province to visit, Suining County has become a better brand of "April 8th Girl’s Day".

　　On the traditional "Girl’s Day" of the Miao nationality on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, Miao compatriots dressed in festive costumes gather together to drink rice wine and eat black rice, sing and dance folk songs, play games, and organically integrate folk culture with natural landscapes.

　　In order to promote the recovery of the local tourism consumption market, in July this year, the Summer Food Amusement Night Shopping Festival was launched.

　　Activities through the government set up a stage, enterprises singing opera, government subsidies, enterprises to make profits, so that the majority of consumers in multiple rounds, multi-theme "eat, drink, play, buy, enjoy, have fun" series of promotional activities to enjoy the maximum amount of concessions.

　　Shaoyang rice noodles, Wugang pot-stewed vegetables, Chengbu Camellia oleifera, plasma duck, pig blood balls … … The food on the dining table in Shaoyang is known by more and more foreigners through the tourism industry, which opens the door for local agricultural products to enter the national market.

　　In recent years, Shaoyang has spared no effort to promote all kinds of local agricultural products by taking advantage of tourism, and established the famous brand of "Shaoyanghong". The brand directory covers dozens of agricultural products such as day lily, dragon tooth lily, stewed vegetables and tea. The brand "Shaoyanghong" has appeared in major exhibition events in the whole province and the whole country for many times, and its popularity has been rising. "Shaoyang Taste" has been welcomed by more and more tourists.

　　It has flourished for thousands of years, and it is still the same today. The ancient rhyme of mountains and rivers, waiting for you to come.

　　Beauty is in Shaoyang, romantic Langshan. Welcome to the first Shaoyang Tourism Development Conference! (Shaoyang Daily reporter Ma Juan)

During this period, the divorce war between South Korean stars Hye-seon Ku and Ahn Jae hyun was raging. In the tug-of-war of divorce, the man broke the news that the woman asked for 30 thousand won a day for housework, which was converted into RMB 176 yuan a day and more than 5,200 yuan a month. The broad masses of people who eat melons have said, please give me a dozen domestic workers of Hye-seon Ku’s standard.

If we change our perspective from gossip discussion to academic discussion, there are actually two interesting questions:

1. Does housework have monetary value?

2. If there is monetary value, how to price it? Let’s discuss it separately below.

No.1 does housework have monetary value?

Housework refers to a kind of work that family members do in their daily family life.Unpaid labor. It usually is.Serve family members.Including but not limited to washing and cooking, looking after children, buying daily necessities, cleaning and hygiene, caring for the elderly or patients, etc. Generally speaking,It is both a production activity and a consumption activity..

Whether housework has price or monetary value has always been controversial in economics and sociology. The traditional view is that the products of housework are not born for sale, so they do not produce production value, and it is even more impossible to constitute the source of surplus value.

On the other hand, according to Marx’s theory of labor value, the value of commodities is determined by the socially necessary labor time condensed in commodities.

Housework itselfCondensed labor, paid labor time and formed labor products., so it should be valuable. Although housework has become a private labor because of the emergence of private ownership and family, this private labor is still an important part of the socialized division of labor system.Its existence ensures the smooth progress of other social production activities.. In other words, if there is no housework, individuals may need to use money to buy corresponding services instead of its existence, thus proving its monetary value in reverse.

From a broader perspective, some studies have found that if housework is not considered,It is impossible to correctly calculate the market productivity and the real consumption of society. Becker, a well-known economist, proposed to bring housework into the national GDP system in 1985. Since then, many developed countries have also calculated the proportion of housework in GDP, ranging from more than 20% in Japan to more than 50% in Australia and other countries.

No.2 how to price housework?

If we think that housework has monetary value, a more important problem is how to price it. At present, there are four mainstream methods in academic circles.

One is the comprehensive substitution methodThat is, the value of housework is replaced by the income level of full-time domestic service workers. The advantage of this method is that the calculation is very simple, and the remuneration of domestic workers in various regions can be directly regarded as the market price of housework. However, this method is easy to underestimate its value, because not all housework can be replaced by domestic servants.

The second is the professional substitution method.That is, each activity of housework is separated, replaced by similar professional income level in market labor, and then merged into the total housework value. This method is also easy to underestimate the value of housework, because the labor efficiency of market specialization is generally high.

One person is better than six.

The following figure shows a calculation table for the value of housework in the eastern coastal cities of the United States, and the method used is the professional substitution method.

The third is the opportunity cost method.That is, the value of housework is estimated by the salary return (shadow price) that domestic workers may get in the labor market when they go out to work at the same time. This method assumes that domestic workers can be fully employed in the market and get the maximum value return, which obviously overestimates the value of domestic work. Take Hye-seon Ku as an example. If all the value of her housework is converted into the reward of spending the same time as an actress, the compensation for housework will be astronomical.

Balala energy! Compensation for housework!

The fourth is the family food law., that is, the consumption cost, which is produced by the family not cooking, is regarded as the value of housework. Obviously, this method greatly simplifies housework, which may cause great deviation.

It can be seen that there is no widely accepted perfect scheme for measuring housework, but these methods can still show us the upper and lower limits of the value of housework. It is worth noting that,Due to the great difference in the wage level between the domestic service market and the employment market in different regions, the value of housework in different regions is also quite different..

A research paper in 2018 used the first three methods mentioned above and the survey data of nutrition and health in China to calculate the monetary value of housework in different regions of China in 2011 (Liao Yuhang, 2018). The data shows that every family in China needs about 6 hours of housework every day, and the average daily working time of the wife is 4 hours, while that of the husband is about 2 hours. In contrast, American women spend 2.24 hours doing housework every day, while men spend 1.38 hours participating in it.

The figure below shows the value of housework in different regions and its proportion in local GDP. in general; generally speaking; on the wholeThe value of housework in the south is greater than that in the north..The more developed areas, the higher the overall value of housework.However, this does not mean that its proportion in GDP is higher. "The proportion of housework to GDP is also related to the wage level and economic growth, but it is inversely related. The more developed the economy, the higher the shadow price of unit housework time, and residents will take efficient ways to replace or reduce housework, thus making the relative ratio of housework to GDP lower (Liao Yuhang, 2018)". Simply put, if you can get a higher return by going out to work, individuals will choose to buy services instead of housework, which will reduce the contribution of housework to GDP in this area.

Source: Liao Yuhang. Estimation of housework value [J]. statistics and decision, 2018(8):38-42.

Q&A anonymous netizen

Since housework is valuable and can be monetized, should a couple ask for a supplementary fee for housework when they divorce?

Article 40 of China’s new marriage law stipulates: "Husband and wife agree in writing that the property acquired during the marriage relationship belongs to each other. If one party pays more obligations for raising children, caring for the elderly and assisting the other party in work, he has the right to ask the other party for compensation when divorcing, and the other party shall make compensation. This article provides that the party who undertakes more housework under the separate property system enjoys the right of economic compensation in divorce. The provisions of this article are essentially the recognition of the value of housework, so that the party (mostly women) who has a weaker economic status and undertakes more housework can enjoy financial compensation when divorced. "

From this point of view, at the legal level, this is completely feasible. But what we want to express more is,Everyone in marriage should pay more attention to the value of housework and be considerate of others’ efforts in the family, which is a necessary attitude to maintain a good marriage.

Let’s go back to the gossip at the beginning. Is it reasonable for Hye-seon Ku to ask for 30,000 won a day for housework? If we set the value of housework as 30% of GDP, it is probably the average level of East Asian countries. In 2018, the per capita GDP of South Korea is 32,000 US dollars (1 US dollar = 1,208.3 won), which is equivalent to the housework value of 31,000 won in the next day. Is this just a coincidence? Or did Hye-seon Ku show us that knowledge is power and knowledge is wealth in an extremely professional and secret way?

references

1. Liao Yuhang. Estimation of the value of housework [J]. statistics and decision, 2018(8):38-42.

2. Shen Youjia. How to measure the price of women’s housework? -the development of time allocation theory for single-family residents in Gary S. Becker [J]. Productivity Research, 2010(11):24-26.

3. Dai Qiuliang, Zhan Guohua. Analysis on the output accounting of housework [J]. statistics and decision, 2010(20):7-10.

4.Becker G. A Treatise on the Family[M].Cambridge：Harvard University Press, 1985.

Chadeau A. What Is Households’Non-Market Production Worth? [J].OECD Economics Studies, 1992，(18).

Author: Li Ting, Associate Professor, School of Social and Population Studies, Renmin University of China.　

This issue is compiled by Li Zhiqi, an undergraduate student at the School of Social and Population Studies, Renmin University of China.

The manuscript was first published in WeChat official account, the WeChat of "Serious Demography Gossip". Please indicate the source, author’s name and "from The Paper Paike Channel" for reprinting. Please contact yansurenkou8gua@163.com for reprinting and cooperation.

Editor’s note:"Good health is the capital of the revolution", but in the busy life, people are often busy with work and eager to socialize, but they ignore the good fortune of good health. In fact, with a little attention and early prevention, health is around us. People’s Health Network launched the column "Know early and know early" to collect and sort out the health knowledge that you usually ignore, be your health think tank, and carry out health with you to the end!

Five manifestations of stagnation of liver qi

According to Chinese medicine, the liver is "happy but depressed", and the liver’s drainage function is normal, so as to ensure the smooth flow of qi, normal operation of qi and blood and physical and mental health. If the liver qi is not smooth, the qi in the human body will be blocked and blocked, which will lead to various pathological changes of the body, such as edema, blood stasis and amenorrhea in women. Therefore, soothing the liver is the essence of nourishing the liver.

1. Feeling depressed or irritable.This symptom is the most common, manifested as depression, always sighing, or irritability, which affects daily life and work.

2. Swelling and pain in the parts along the liver meridian.The liver meridian passes through the lower abdomen, chest and hypochondrium, larynx and pharynx, and the top of the head, and the stagnation of liver-qi will cause abdominal pain, breast swelling pain, hypochondriac pain, headache and other manifestations.

3. Lesions of neck and throat.The liver meridian passes through the throat, and the liver qi stagnates here, so people will have a foreign body sensation in the throat, which can’t be swallowed or coughed up. Chinese medicine calls it "plum nuclear qi". If qi stagnation lasts for a long time, it will further affect the normal operation of blood and body fluids, resulting in phlegm and blood stasis staying in the neck and neck lumps.

4. Female breast and menstrual diseases.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that "women are born with liver", so women are more prone to stagnation of liver qi. In addition to some of the above symptoms, it will also be manifested as breast pain, caking, dysmenorrhea or menstrual disorders.

5. Digestive system diseases.Traditional Chinese medicine believes that liver and spleen are closely related in physiology and pathology. Stagnation of liver qi can affect the spleen and stomach for a long time, resulting in abnormal digestive function, loss of appetite, belching, abdominal distension, irregular stool and even diarrhea.

Stagnation of liver qi is an emotional disease, so we should first pay attention to mental adjustment. On the basis of treating the primary disease, we should actively carry out mood counseling, seek the help of family, friends or psychologists, or cooperate with music therapy, or devote ourselves to nature. Only by diverting attention and relaxing body and mind can the stagnation of liver qi be alleviated.

In diet, you can choose more foods with the functions of soothing liver and regulating qi, such as celery, chrysanthemum, tomato, radish, orange, grapefruit, citrus, bergamot and citron. Usually, roses, jasmine flowers, acacia flowers, green sepals, chrysanthemums, mint, bergamot and other teas can be used as appropriate, which also has a certain effect of soothing the liver and relieving depression. Patients with severe symptoms need to take medication under the guidance of a doctor. Commonly used prescriptions include Xiaoyao Powder and Chaihu Shugan Powder.[detailed]

White hair on the temples and liver and gallbladder deficiency

The temples, that is, the parts near the ears, are mainly related to gallbladder. Because the liver and gallbladder are both exterior and interior, it is also related to the liver. The liver holds blood, so the long white hair on the temples is mainly due to insufficient blood. At the same time, we should pay attention to invigorating qi, such as eating red dates to strengthen the spleen and replenish qi, or drinking millet porridge, because qi can produce blood, promote blood circulation and dissolve blood, and when qi is replenished, blood will rise.[detailed]

Nine "killers" who hurt the liver the most

1. Lack of sleep.Nowadays, many people have the habit of working or playing at night, but staying up late is the easiest way to get liver disease. The reason is that during sleep, the human body will enter the self-repair mode, often staying up late not only leads to lack of sleep, but also affects the self-repair of the liver at night. People who have been infected with hepatitis virus will get worse if they stay up late. Professor Neil Colin, an expert from the American Sleep Association, said that "late sleepers" should try to adjust their schedules, and it is best to fall asleep before 11 o’clock every night to ensure that they sleep enough for 7-8 hours every night, so as to effectively detoxify the liver and ensure their overall health.

2. Do not urinate in time after getting up in the morning.Dr Daniel Paradi, an expert from the European Association for Liver Research, said that detoxification in the body can be carried out through urination, perspiration and defecation. Urinating as soon as possible after getting up in the morning can excrete toxins accumulated all night in time to avoid toxins staying in the body and causing liver "poisoning".

3, overeating.Many people know that eating too much will increase the gastrointestinal burden and induce fatty liver. Dr Paradi pointed out that overeating is not only harmful to the health of gastrointestinal tract, but also easy to cause a great increase of free radicals in the body. The key function of the liver is to help the human body deal with free radicals, eliminate toxins and purify the blood. The more free radicals in the human body, the more serious the damage to liver function.

4. Don’t eat breakfast.Nutrition experts say that eating breakfast helps to neutralize stomach acid and protect the liver, reducing the risk of pancreatitis, diabetes, gallstones, constipation and other diseases. Dr. Hermite Suri, a holistic nutritionist in Ontario, Canada, said that a healthy breakfast can prolong satiety and avoid liver damage.

5. Take too much medicine.According to a study published in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, taking painkillers and other drugs for a long time will increase the burden of liver detoxification and lead to liver damage. Dr Kenneth Simpson, the head of the new study and an expert from Edinburgh Royal Hospital, said that there are many drugs and their metabolites that can easily cause liver damage, leading to drug-induced hepatitis. These drugs include antibiotics, antipyretic and analgesic drugs, antipsychotics, antidepressants, antiepileptic drugs, sedatives, anti-hyperthyroidism drugs, anti-tumor drugs, hypoglycemic drugs and cardiovascular drugs. Therefore, taking medicine must strictly follow the doctor’s advice and be taken under the guidance of a doctor.

6. Excessive intake of processed food.Dr. Hidachiran Zara Hussain, a registered nutrition therapist in India, said that many food additives such as preservatives, pigments and artificial sweeteners were added to many processed foods. These additives contain a variety of chemicals that are difficult for human body to decompose, which will increase the burden of liver detoxification and induce liver damage after entering the human body.

7. Prefer fried food.A study reported by CBS found that eating fried food for one month can cause obvious changes in the liver and trigger changes in enzymes similar to hepatitis. Dr. Drew Auden, a famous American medical expert, pointed out that the accumulation of oil and saturated fatty acids can lead to fatty liver. Unhealthy edible oil increase that risk of heart disease and liver disease. Relatively speaking, olive oil and sesame oil are healthier.

8. Eat half-baked or burnt food.Dr. Hussein said that undercooked food or overcooked burnt food (especially meat) can also easily lead to liver damage. Studies have found that drunken shrimp, oysters and half-baked shellfish often carry bacteria and parasites. Once acute gastroenteritis and dysentery occur, it is easy to worsen liver disease and even induce hepatic coma.

9. Excessive drinking.Dr. Nemo Ashi, a hepatologist at Zef Medical Research Center in Israel, said that excessive drinking will reduce the liver’s ability to purify blood, lead to an increase in toxins in the body, and induce liver damage and various diseases. In addition, alcoholism can easily lead to liver poisoning and induce hepatitis. Long-term excessive drinking can easily lead to cirrhosis. Dr. Ashi said that drinking more than two cups (25 ml) of high-concentration wine every day would damage the liver.[detailed]

Seven most common symptoms in early stage of liver cancer

Symptom 1: Pain in the liver area

Common index: ★★★★★★★

The first symptom of most patients with advanced liver cancer is pain in the liver area, and the incidence rate is over 50%. The pain in the liver area is generally located under the right rib or xiphoid process, and the pain is intermittent or persistent dull pain. Dull pain or tingling, the patient may feel discomfort in the right upper abdomen some time before the pain. The pain can be relieved by itself in a short period of time. The main cause of pain is the rapid enlargement of tumor, which compresses the liver capsule and produces traction pain, and it can also be caused by tumor necrosis stimulating the liver capsule.

A few patients spontaneously or suddenly have severe pain in the liver area after liver puncture, which is mostly caused by the rupture and bleeding of cancer nodules on the surface of the liver. If there is blood pressure drop and shock at the same time, and there is bloody fluid in abdominal cavity puncture, it means that the cancer node is ruptured and bleeding seriously. In this case, emergency rescue is needed. Without the above-mentioned accompanying symptoms, the pain is limited, which indicates that the bleeding is located under the liver capsule. Pain can vary according to the location of tumor growth. Tumors located in the left lobe often cause pain in the middle and upper abdomen. The tumor located in the right lobe, the pain is in the right quarter rib; When the tumor involves the diaphragm, the pain radiates to the right shoulder or back, which is easily mistaken for shoulder arthritis; When the tumor is located in the posterior segment of the right lobe, it can sometimes cause low back pain; Patients with tumors located in the deep liver parenchyma generally feel little pain.

Symptom 2: Symptoms of digestive tract

Common index: ★★★★★☆.

According to incomplete statistics, about 37% of patients with liver disease were mistaken for "stomach trouble" at the initial stage of illness, which delayed diagnosis and treatment. Loss of appetite and fullness in the upper abdomen after meals. Warm qi, dyspepsia and nausea are common digestive tract symptoms of liver cancer, among which loss of appetite and abdominal distension are the most common. Diarrhea is also a common digestive tract symptom of liver cancer, which has been reported at home and abroad with a high incidence and is easily mistaken for chronic enteritis. Portal hypertension and intestinal dysfunction caused by portal vein or hepatic vein tumor thrombus can cause abdominal distension, increased stool frequency, and abdominal distension can also be caused by ascites. Gastrointestinal dysfunction can also lead to indigestion, warm gas, nausea and other symptoms.

Symptom 3: fever

Common index: ★★★★★

A considerable number of patients with liver cancer will have sweating and fever. Most of the fever is moderate to low fever, and a few patients may have high fever, which is above 39℃ and is generally not accompanied by chills. The fever of liver cancer is mostly cancerous fever, which is caused by the release of pyrogens into the blood circulation after tumor tissue necrosis. Because of low resistance, tumor patients are prone to infection and fever, which is sometimes difficult to distinguish from cancerous fever of liver cancer. It is necessary to combine blood picture and observe whether antibacterial treatment is effective.

Symptom 4: emaciation and fatigue

Common index: ★★★★☆.

Patients with liver cancer often feel more tired than patients with other tumors, which is similar to patients with chronic hepatitis. The cause of fatigue is unknown, which may be due to digestive dysfunction and nutrient absorption disorder, or liver cells are damaged and liver function is reduced, which makes metabolic disorders and some toxins unable to be inactivated in time, or toxic substances are released due to necrosis of liver cancer tissue. Emaciation is also a common symptom in patients with liver cancer, which is due to impaired liver function. Decreased digestion and absorption function. With the development of the disease, the degree of emaciation can be aggravated, and cachexia appears in severe cases.

Symptom 5: Bleeding tendency

Common index: ★★★★

Patients with liver cancer often have bleeding tendency such as gingival bleeding and subcutaneous ecchymosis, which is mainly caused by impaired liver function and abnormal coagulation function, especially in patients with liver cancer complicated with cirrhosis. Gastrointestinal bleeding is common, which is mainly caused by esophageal and gastric varices caused by portal hypertension. In fact, gastrointestinal bleeding is also the leading cause of death in patients with liver cancer.

Symptom 6: edema of lower limbs

Common index: ★★★★

Patients with liver cancer and ascites often have edema of lower limbs, which can occur in the ankle and spread to the whole lower limbs in severe cases. Clinically, I have seen some patients with high edema of lower limbs, and water can seep from the thigh skin. The main cause of edema of lower limbs is that ascites compresses the veins of lower limbs or blocks the tumor thrombus, which blocks the venous return. Mild edema can also be caused by low plasma albumin.

Symptom 7: Acute abdomen.

Common index: ★★★

The rupture of cancer nodules usually causes pain in the liver area, and there is obvious tenderness in the liver area during physical examination, which is a symptom of liver capsule irritation. Some patients showed acute abdominal pain with peritoneal irritation after the rupture of cancer nodules, which was easily misdiagnosed as acute peritonitis. Abdominal pain caused by rupture of cancer nodules is usually accompanied by blood pressure drop or even shock, which is different from general acute peritonitis.[detailed]

Six secrets to enhance liver function

Step 1 drink more lemonade

Water helps to speed up metabolism, expel impurities and toxins from the body and reduce the burden on the liver. Drink a cup of warm boiled water after getting up every day, which can wake up the whole body. Dr. Peter Kramer, an American liver expert, suggested that you can try adding lemon to water. The acidity of lemon can promote the liver to produce bile, which is beneficial to detoxification. Drink 8~10 cups a day, 300 ml each time.

2. Eat purple cabbage often

Cruciferae vegetables include beets, radishes, cabbages, purple cabbage and arugula, or vegetables containing sulfur, such as onions, garlic and cauliflower, which can enhance the detoxification function of the body. Eating two servings of cruciferous vegetables every day can enhance the detoxification function of the liver.

3. Regular massage

When the body is lying flat, gently massage the gallbladder and liver, about below the ribs on the right side of the body. Stephen Stewart, an expert in liver disease at Mette Hospital in the United Kingdom, believes that massage can help promote blood circulation in the liver, thus improving the metabolic function of the whole body.

Step 4 stay away from alcohol and medicine

Alcohol is extremely harmful to liver function. People with liver damage must give up drinking. In addition, many people are used to buying over-the-counter painkillers in pharmacies when they are unwell, but these drugs may contain acetaminophen, which may produce some toxic metabolites after liver metabolism, causing liver damage.

Step 5 make up minerals

Make sure you get enough minerals in your daily diet, such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, zinc, selenium and manganese. For patients with liver cirrhosis, doctors will also advise them to supplement more vitamins and minerals than usual to activate liver function.

6. Homemade liver protection tea

Silybum marianum, turmeric and dandelion are all thought to help clean and protect the liver. Try taking 45 mg of turmeric, 400 mg of dandelion extract or 400 mg of milk thistle every day. You can also soak fresh dandelion roots in boiling water instead of drinking tea, but make sure they are not polluted by chemical pesticides.[detailed]

Small coup to help you protect your liver

Close your eyes.　The liver and eyes are interlinked, and the liver holds blood and the liver holds eyes, so nourishing the liver can first support eyes. Can fix a large object in the distance as the target. The eyeball goes from left to top, then to bottom and then back to left, completing a big circle. Remember to keep your head still and keep your eyes moving. After 10 turns, turn it from the opposite direction for 10 turns, which can effectively relieve eye fatigue and improve vision. If you are tired of eyes, closing your eyes can also achieve the effect of nourishing the liver and improving eyesight.

Pressing and protecting liver point　Massage acupoints is also a very direct method to protect the liver. Hugan point is the middle point between breasts. Hands folded, up and down to and from Shanzhong point for 30 times, can relax Qi, stimulate thymus and enhance immunity. Zusanli point is also a point for protecting the liver. Punching with fists can achieve the effects of tonifying kidney and nourishing liver and protecting the spleen and stomach.

Do liver-protecting exercises　Dry cleaning legs: Hold one thigh root tightly with both hands, rub it down to the ankle with a little force, and then go up to the leg root. Or you can also rub the calf, that is, pinch one side of the calf with two palms and rotate it.

Drink gouqi porridge　Lycium barbarum is an absolutely good food to protect the liver and improve eyesight. Lycium barbarum can be eaten directly or soaked in water, and can also be used as medicated diet and porridge. Cook rice into semi-finished porridge first, then add Lycium barbarum and cook it. The effect of wolfberry porridge can relieve symptoms such as eye fatigue and dizziness. Drinking wolfberry porridge for patients with hepatitis has the good effect of protecting liver and promoting liver cell regeneration.[detailed]

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　　synopsis

　　"Six musts must be adhered to" is a whole with strict logic and organic unity, which has profound internal logical implications and provides a powerful ideological weapon for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to unite and lead the people to understand and transform the world in the new era.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader clearly put forward "six musts" in the Party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress, that is, we must uphold the people first, self-confidence, integrity and innovation, problem orientation, systematic concept and mind the world. "Six musts must be adhered to" is a whole with strict logic and organic unity, which profoundly demonstrates the world outlook, methodology and standpoint and method of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era, and provides a "master key" for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to unite and lead the people to understand and transform the world. We should profoundly grasp the inherent logical implication of "six musts" and make good use of them.

　　Scientific world outlook and methodology are the "master keys" to guide us to understand and transform the world.

　　World outlook and methodology are two basic concepts in philosophy. The world outlook mainly solves the problems of "what" and "why" of the world, while the methodology mainly solves the problems of "how to do it" and "how to do it". World outlook and methodology are organically unified, and what kind of world outlook will form what kind of methodology; What kind of ways and means to understand and deal with problems often depends on the corresponding world outlook. Marxist world outlook and methodology are dialectical materialism and historical materialism, which provide a powerful ideological weapon for us to understand and transform the world.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has persisted in combining the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and has persisted in using dialectical materialism and historical materialism to correctly answer the major questions raised by the times and practice, deepened his understanding of communist party’s ruling law, socialist construction law and human social development law with a brand-new vision, and founded the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. "Six musts" is the innovative development of Marxist world outlook and methodology in the new era. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Only by accurately grasping including ‘ Six must adhere to ’ The standpoint, viewpoint and method of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era can better understand the essence of this thought, get the thinking method right, stand tall when understanding the problem, see the problem deeply when analyzing it, and carry out the work accurately, so as to ensure relaxation and freedom. "

　　"Six musts must be adhered to" is a whole with strict logic and organic unity, which embodies the standpoint, viewpoint and method of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people in the new era from different aspects and dimensions, and provides a powerful ideological weapon for our party to unite and lead the people to understand and transform the world.

　　Adhering to the people’s supremacy is the overall requirement for fulfilling the initial mission.

　　The people’s position is the fundamental political position of the Communist Party of China (CPC). "The people must be supreme" is the first of the "six musts", which emphasizes that the people are the root of our party’s life, the foundation of its governance and the source of its strength. We must adhere to the people-centered development thought and take safeguarding, realizing and developing the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the starting point and the end result of all work. Adhering to the people first is the general requirement for every party member, especially leading cadres, to carry out their initial mission in terms of standpoint, viewpoint and method.

　　People’s nature is the essential attribute of Marxism. Adhering to the people first embodies the basic principle of historical materialism that the people are the creators of history, and it is a basic conclusion drawn by our party by summing up historical experience and grasping historical laws. First of all, the historical materialism holds that the people are the creators of material wealth and spiritual wealth and the decisive force of social change. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "The magnificent history of the development of the Chinese nation was written by the people of Chinese! The profound Chinese civilization was created by Chinese people! The timeless spirit of the Chinese nation is cultivated by the people of Chinese! The Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up, getting rich and becoming strong, which was fought by the people of Chinese! " The important exposition of the Supreme Leader General Secretary profoundly reveals that the people are the creators of history. Secondly, adhering to the people’s supremacy, adhering to the people’s dominant position and giving full play to the people’s dominant role are important conclusions drawn from summing up the party’s more than 100 years of historical experience. The history of our party’s development for more than 100 years is a history in which the party and the people are soul mates, share weal and woe with the people, and it is also a history in which the party leads the people to unite and struggle. Adhering to the people’s supremacy and relying on the people to create great historical achievements are the fundamental reasons why our party has always been in an invincible position and moved from victory to victory.

　　Adhering to the people’s supremacy is not abstract and vague, but concrete and realistic, which must be reflected in all aspects of economic and social development and in the practice of better satisfying people’s yearning for a better life. We must always stand firm on the people’s stand, grasp their wishes, respect their creativity, pool their wisdom, safeguard their interests and realize people’s sharing. We must adhere to the party’s mass line and mass viewpoint, persist in putting the people-centered development thought into all fields and aspects of the cause of the party and the state, take constantly satisfying the people’s yearning for a better life as our goal, focus on solving the most direct and realistic interests that the people are most concerned about, and constantly realize the all-round development of people and the all-round progress of society in the process of promoting Chinese modernization.

　　It is the inherent requirement to promote self-revolution to insist on self-confidence, self-reliance and integrity and innovation.

　　The key to China’s success lies in the Party, and the Communist Party of China (CPC) is the strong leading core of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause. As the largest Marxist ruling party in the world, our party must always win the support of the people, consolidate its long-term ruling position, and lead the people to comprehensively promote the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation. We must further promote self-revolution and always be excellent. In the "six musts", we must insist on self-confidence, self-reliance and innovation, which are the inherent requirements for our party to strengthen its own construction and promote its self-revolution.

　　We must persist in self-confidence and self-reliance, and ask our Party to adhere to its firm belief in Marxism and Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and to be firm in road confidence, theoretical confidence, institutional confidence and cultural confidence. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "In the long-term practice of leading revolution, construction and reform, our party has always insisted on independently exploring the way forward. This independent spirit of exploration and practice, and this firm confidence and determination to stick to its own path are the foothold of all our party’s theories and practices, and also the fundamental guarantee for the cause of the party and the people to constantly move from victory to victory." To lead a big country with a population of more than 1.4 billion to promote Chinese modernization and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Communist Party of China (CPC) must persist in self-confidence, always remain sober and firm in solving the unique problems of the big party, and constantly promote self-revolution. Adhering to self-confidence and self-reliance is an important prerequisite and internal requirement for our party to be invincible.

　　Adhering to integrity and innovation is an important principle to promote the continuous development and growth of the party and an inherent requirement to promote the party’s self-revolution. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Only by being upright can we not lose our way and make subversive mistakes, and innovation can we grasp and lead the times." When we talk about upholding integrity, we mean sticking to the right path and the truth, that is, we should "unswervingly adhere to the basic principles of Marxism, the overall leadership of the Party and Socialism with Chinese characteristics". When we talk about innovation, we are constantly making new developments and breakthroughs on the basis of upholding integrity. That is to say, our party must constantly promote self-revolution in light of new practice, constantly open up a new situation in the cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, and constantly write a new chapter in the modernization of Marxism in China. It is not only the basic requirement of Marxist materialist dialectics, but also the inherent requirement of the continuous improvement and development of Marxist political parties.

　　It is an inevitable requirement to adhere to the problem orientation and the system concept to promote the social revolution.

　　Promoting the Party’s self-revolution and always maintaining the Party’s advanced nature and purity is to lead the social revolution with the Party’s self-revolution. Promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation in an all-round way with Chinese modernization is the central task of the party and the country in the new era and new journey, and it is the biggest politics in the new era. To unite and lead the people to accomplish this central task, our party must solve the problems of "bridge" and "ship", and understand and transform the world by scientific methods. In the "six musts", we must adhere to the problem orientation and the system concept, which are the inevitable requirements for promoting social revolution.

　　Adhering to problem orientation is the starting point for understanding and solving problems. To understand and transform the world, people must start from finding problems and take solving them as the key. "Problems are the voice of the times", and answering and guiding the solution of problems is the fundamental task of theoretical innovation. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "We should have a strong sense of problems, be guided by major issues, seize key issues for further study and thinking, and strive to solve a series of outstanding contradictions and problems facing China’s development." Adhering to the problem-oriented process is actually a process of finding problems in time, scientifically screening problems, accurately analyzing problems and solving problems with all one’s strength. The Communist Party of China (CPC)’s revolution, construction and reform have always been aimed at solving the practical problems in China, and the Party’s theory has been innovated and developed by constantly answering the questions of the times. It is in this sense that adhering to the problem orientation is the "general grasp" and "breakthrough point" for us to understand and transform the world.

　　Adhering to the concept of system is an important method to analyze and solve problems. Although it is important to find out and discover problems, this is not the purpose, but the purpose is to solve problems. Adhering to the systematic concept and method is a scientific method for us to analyze and solve problems. Adhering to the concept of system requires us to observe and deal with problems from a holistic and overall perspective, with a universally related, comprehensive and systematic perspective. Emphasis is placed on understanding things, analyzing contradictions and solving problems according to the system concept, especially revealing the systematic nature and motion law of objects from the relationship between the whole and the parts and between the parts, which is the fundamental requirement of the system concept and method. On the new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, we should more consciously adhere to and apply the systematic concept to observe the situation, analyze problems and promote work, master scientific thinking methods and working methods, constantly improve our strategic thinking, historical thinking, dialectical thinking, systematic thinking, innovative thinking, rule of law thinking and bottom line thinking, better control complex situations, respond to risk challenges, and enhance the principle, systematicness, foresight and creativity of our work.

　　It is an objective requirement to show the responsibility of the big party to insist on thinking of the world.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized in the party’s Report to the 20th CPC National Congress: "the Communist Party of China (CPC) is a party for the happiness of the people of China and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and it is also a party for the progress of mankind and the great harmony of the world." This is a highly generalized and refined expression of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s mission in the new era. One of the "six musts" is to keep an eye on the world, which embodies the international vision and mission of contemporary the Communist Party of China (CPC) people.

　　A just cause should be pursued for the common good. Persistence in thinking of the world is a concentrated expression of the Communist Party of China (CPC) people’s adherence to the global vision, their deep feelings for the world, and their display of the responsibility of the big party. Under the new historical conditions, insisting on thinking of the world requires our Party to grasp the laws of world historical development with a great historical view and a world vision, examine the changes in the world pattern, gain insight into the trend of human development and progress, promote world peace and development, and contribute China wisdom and China’s plan in "striving for progress for mankind and seeking great harmony for the world". We must persist in thinking of the world as an important part of the "six musts", which embodies the Communist Party of China (CPC)’s feelings for the world and the responsibility of the big party.

　　"Six musts must be adhered to" is an internal unity that is interrelated and blended with each other. We should deeply understand the scientific connotation and internal logical implication of "six musts must be adhered to" as a whole, and adhere to and make good use of the world outlook and methodology of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the new era.

　　(The author is a researcher at the Beijing Supreme Leader New Era Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought Research Center)

　　Insist on accounting management

　　Firmly establish "all costs are available"fall"idea

　　Based on the post and constantly improving.

　　Let the small change small leather bear great fruit.

　　Let’s look at the first continuous casting operation area of the steel plant

　　What are the tricks?

　

　　Oil leakage improvement of main equipment

　　No.4 continuous caster fan-shaped frame roll gap control valve block plug-in seal,hardPipe joint sealing, drive roller transitionValve blockThere are different degrees of oil leakage in the seal, and the single oil leakage reaches more than 10 barrels in peak period, which affects the quality of billet and brings safety risks.

　　　

　　In order to solve this problem, the steelmaking plant carried out tackling key problems and rectification, mobilized maintenance and spot inspection personnel under the overall organization of a continuous casting operation area, set up a tackling key problem team, found out the causes of seal leakage, formulated corresponding measures, and stopped losses quickly and in time. The research team replaced more than 480 sets of plug-in seals, more than 2,000 rack seals and more than 80 drive roller hoses.Strictly graspThe details of oil leakage and the practical implementation of the landing can ensure the stable and smooth production of the caster and save about 135 thousand yuan/month.

　　Lubrication and consumption reduction of caster

　　Grease mainly provides equipment lubrication for each caster during production.letThe key equipment of the caster is kept in good running condition. The first continuous casting operation area of the steel plant consumes about 60 barrels of grease every month, with a total cost of about 160,000 yuan, accounting for 30% of the monthly consumption of "Class 08" productive materials. In order to solve this problem, a series of measures have been taken in a continuous casting operation area:

　　　

　　A set of perfect oil supply system has been reformed in the operation area. When the caster is in production, the oil supply system regularly adds grease to each lubricating point. According to the different positions of the caster, the caster is gradually enlarged without affecting the normal operation of the caster.thatOil supply cycle.

　　After the implementation of this measure, the consumption of 5 barrels of grease can be reduced every month, and the cost can be saved by 13,400 yuan/month.

　　The dosage of iron filings is fineminus

　　A continuous casting operation area firmly establishes "all costs are acceptable"fall"Concept, start on-site production, and dig deep into projects that can reduce costs and increase efficiency. Iron filings are essential when starting the machine.coldMaterial, the monthly consumption of about 10 tons, its role is to shop in the plugging lead.ingotPaperrope, to avoid molten steel burning through the paper rope orblankThe accident of steel leakage caused by poor cooling of the head.

　　　

　　In order to further reduce the consumption of scrap iron, the operation area passes throughWith othersSteel mills benchmark, and organize on-site evaluation of technical and operational backbones to accurately control the consumption of iron filings and changeNarrow edgeThe laying height of the iron filings and the thickness of the cambered iron filings not only ensure that the iron filings completely cover the paper rope, but also ensure thatblankHead cooling effect.

　　After improvement, everyflowThe consumption of scrap iron is reduced by about 20kg compared with before, and the consumption of scrap iron can be saved by 10 tons per year, and the production cost can be saved by 53,000 yuan.

　　Be careful and live a tight life

　　Everyone controls costs and everyone reduces costs.

　　Deep tillage, cost reduction and efficiency improvement

　　As dim as lighttorch

　　But go ahead, nothingaskthing

　　(Yin Zhishun　Chen yun　Wang Tao　Sun zhixiong)

　

　

Special feature of 1905 film network From "Loyal Dog Eight Men" to "Goodbye, Li Kele" and then to "Dog God", there are many movies with dogs as actors on the big screen this year. Dogs have conquered the audience with sincere and exquisite acting skills. We can’t help wondering, compared with human actors, how do dog actors complete their performances?

Especially in Goodbye, Li Cola, the role of "Coke" has gone through three stages: childhood, middle age and old age. How to train puppies at different stages? Is it difficult to train dogs to film?

In this issue of Behind the scenes, we came to the studio of Li Mingqing, the dog trainer of Goodbye, Li Kele, and listened to his wonderful stories about dogs before and after the stage.

Lovely "Little Coke"

From the first season of the TV series "Dog Seven" to the movie "Goodbye, Li Cola", Li Mingqing’s partner director Wang Xiaolie participated in the creation of many film and television works, and he is a very experienced dog training guide.

According to reports, the selection of dog actors mainly depends on whether the puppy has power to drive. "Food or toys, with these as motivation, actors can take it away."

Unlike the daily family dog-raising club that trains dogs not to eat strangers’ food, the habit of not eating strange food must not be trained for dogs participating in film and television shooting. If the dog is not interested in the actor’s food, the actor can’t take it away, and he will only follow the dog training instructions.

Nowadays, the one-year-old "Little Coke" filmed "Goodbye, Li Cola" for just over two months, which was a particularly naughty time.

In the first half of the film, there is a scene in which it "unlocks and escapes" from the pet store. In retrospect, Li Mingqing admitted that it was not difficult to make the dog escape from the pet shop. At that time, he stayed outside the pet store to guide the puppy to break the glass, which was quickly completed.

The difficulty of the whole scene is that when Seven and NI YAN walk outside the glass, "Little Coke" has to look after them all the time.

Because the actor is going to pass by the pet shop, he can’t stay where he is to guide the puppy, otherwise there will be a goof shot. At that time, there was a rail car under the window of the shooting scene, and the dog trainer stayed near the rail car to take things to attract dogs. Sometimes to the left, sometimes to the right, while cooperating with the actor’s route, while constantly attracting the attention of "Little Coke".

In Li Mingqing’s view, this kind of scene is not easy to shoot. Fortunately, director Wang Xiaolie is especially good at filming "Dog Show", and Seven himself has a dog. In "Goodbye, Li Kele", everyone cooperated very well.

Naughty "Chinese coke"

"There are many scenes and the director is demanding. In Goodbye, Li Cola, the most difficult thing to train is’ Chinese Coke’. " Li Mingqing said.

"China Cola" was less than three years old when it was filmed. Being active by nature, it is very easy to get excited, but there are many scenes that need to be quiet. The director has repeatedly asked it to shut up and walk slowly. Li Mingqing bluntly said that "China Cola" has a lively personality, and the atmosphere at the shooting scene is high, which makes it very difficult to complete the conversion from excitement to silence.

"How to make it shut up quickly when it is excited?"

Attract it with food and arouse its curiosity, and it will shut up for a few seconds. At this time, the camera needs to quickly capture its quiet state. Li Mingqing added that the method of arousing the curiosity of dogs can’t be commonly used. When its curiosity disappears, it has no effect.

So at that time, the dog trainers also worked overtime to train the concentration of "China Cola". Close its mouth, keep it stable, and then slowly release it. This is actually a command to shut up, and it will understand after learning.

There should be no influence or interference on the shooting scene. When it is necessary to take a quiet picture of the dog, Li Mingqing will hold his chin slightly to make him understand the instructions and keep quiet, and then quietly leave the scene and exit the picture, so as to keep the shooting going smoothly.

"Coke in China" accidentally poured coke into hot pot, which became a big "famous scene" of the film.How is this done?"Put the food under the bottle. When it goes to get food, it just knocks over the coke. "

At first, Li Mingqing specially trained the skills of "Chinese coke" jumping on the stove for this scene. Later, when I arrived at the scene, I found that the scene setting had changed. So he played a simple food game with the dog, and it completed the task well.

Old Coke "Xiao Qi" and body double "Xiao Wu"

The dog who plays "Old Coke" is called "Xiaoqi". He is eleven years old this year, which is equivalent to more than seventy years old of human beings. In Li Mingqing’s eyes, it is a "star" with rich experience in filming.

Xiaoqi not only participated in the series Goodbye, Li Ke Le and Shenquan Xiaoqi, but also appeared in Dogs in China and Spicy Metamorphosis, and also owned the imperial body double Xiaowu.

From the beginning of "Shenquan Xiaoqi", "Xiaowu" became a "high imitation version of Xiaoqi".

Talking about the reasons why dog actors also have body double, Li Mingqing explained that body double’s role is to assist in dimming. When "Xiaoqi" has a scene, it will let "Xiaoqi" assist in the adjustment first, and then let it play after the team adjusts the light to avoid consuming the energy and state of "Xiaoqi" in advance. Secondly, when a scene is divided into two groups of AB scenes, the distant shot can be shot by body double, thus improving the creative efficiency.

Li Mingqing said frankly that for Xiaoqi, the most difficult part of this film is the picture of her meeting with Seven.

"Old Coke" took the initiative to remind Li Heng that it was not an ordinary puppy, and it had the shadow of Sinan’s father.

Unlike people who can easily get their responses when they meet dogs, it is not a simple matter to train dogs to meet humans.

Li Mingqing introduced that the first step is to train the dog to learn to sit, and after he learns to sit, he has to add a little thoughtfulness. For example, with the help of the illusion of sight, some food is hidden in the actor’s clothes where the dog can see but the audience can’t, and "tempt" the dog to meet the actor when he gets the food.

Despite the tight schedule of actors and the tight shooting plan, the director has always stressed the need to ensure that dogs can have a full rest during the creation of Goodbye, Li Kele. Dogs have a lot of scenes, and the director can always arrange them properly. When he shoots the penultimate and third scenes every day, he will intimately let them go back to rest in advance. Li Mingqing bluntly said that this warm care made him particularly moved.

Like Seven and NI YAN in Goodbye, Li Cola, Li Mingqing, who deals with hundreds of puppies every day, has already regarded every cute little guy around him as his closest family.

In history, the number of ticket jumps is the most and the development is the most difficult (how difficult is it to change the competition engine to civilian use? Please click here to read the ultimate super-run A ONE. Last year, the delivery date was postponed to 2021 for the third time. In the first half of this year, the development progress was delayed due to the epidemic. 275 prospective car owners may have to wait until 2022 to pick up their cars at any time …

In order to appease the long-suppressed dissatisfaction of distinguished customers, A not only allocated the first batch of 275 Black Series to A ONE owners for subscription, but also adopted the unique painting in the same style as A racing car-her name is Black Series P One Edition!

In addition to spraying the exclusive silver-black transition two-color with countless triangular stars, the interior of the Black Series P One Edition and the ten-spoke alloy wheels are decorated with the iconic blue of Team A, and her mechanical parts and performance data are the same as the standard version.

Is there a discount for the owner of A ONE to buy her? It is said that this special edition, which can only produce 275 sets at most, not only fails to offer preferential prices to distinguished customers, but also costs 50,000 euros more than the standard edition-you are not mistaken, even the price of "appeasement" has to be increased! So far, the pricing of Black Series has not been announced, and the predicted price given by different European media ranges from 250,000 to 300,000 euros.

I can’t buy this new car for various reasons, but I want to experience her limit on the track. What should I do? Money has a way! Fastbast, which provides track taxi service in New North, has ordered Black Series. It only costs 299 euros to take a 21-kilometer ride on the track open day, and there is a discount price of 279 euros from the second lap, 30 euros for on-board track video recording, and a 10% discount for repeat customers! Go！ Go！ Go！

Mercedes-AMG GT Black Series ‘2021

4.0L V8 dual/7 DCT/FR/730PS @ 6700 ~ 6900 rpm/800 nm @ 2000 ~ 6000 rpm

0-100km/h: 3.2s / 0-200km/h:

(Source: Mercedes-Fans/Editor: ty)

– END –

Provided by the author

When it comes to e-commerce, we all know that the familiar e-commerce platforms include Taobao, JD.COM and Pinduoduo, all of which are domestic e-commerce, but when it comes to cross-border e-commerce, many people may not understand.

Cross-border e-commerce is an international business activity in which transaction subjects belonging to different customs reach deals, make payment and settlement through e-commerce platforms, and deliver goods and complete transactions through cross-border logistics.

From the definition, we can see such three key words: transaction subjects in different customs, payment and settlement, and cross-border logistics. The difference between cross-border e-commerce and domestic e-commerce is also reflected here.

Take B2C export e-commerce as an example:

(1) Transaction subjects in different customs: Different customs means that compared with domestic e-commerce, cross-border e-commerce will face many complicated and changeable customs procedures, trade policies and other issues in import and export trade. For example: import and export tariffs, customs declaration, inspection and quarantine and so on.

(2) Payment and settlement: the cost is high, the payment takes a long time and there is exchange rate risk.

① Domestic e-commerce: The domestic e-commerce payment and settlement system is mature, and most of them use online banking payment and third-party payment methods such as Alipay and WeChat, which are convenient and fast, with low cost and short payment cycle (mostly within 15 days).

② Cross-border e-commerce: The payment system of cross-border e-commerce is relatively immature, especially for B2B large-scale trade. Most of them are paid by international payment tools such as PayPal, and the handling fee is as high as 3%-5% of the transaction amount, which has exchange rate risk and the payment period can be as long as 1-6 months. There is a great financial pressure on cross-border e-commerce sellers.

(3) Cross-border logistics: logistics has long time limit, high cost, low service level and high packet loss rate.

The difference between cross-border e-commerce and domestic e-commerce

1. Differences in business links

Cross-border e-commerce business links are more complicated. It needs to go through customs clearance, inspection and quarantine, foreign exchange settlement, export tax rebate, import tax collection and other links.

In the transportation of goods, cross-border e-commerce leaves the country by express delivery, and it takes longer for the goods to be sold to foreign consumers. Because of the long distance, the goods are easy to be damaged, and the express delivery capacity of various countries is relatively limited, and the growing number of parcels is also easy to cause trade friction. Domestic e-commerce takes place in China, and the goods are delivered to consumers by express delivery, with short journey, fast arrival speed and low probability of goods damage.

2. Differences of transaction subjects

The subjects of e-commerce transactions are generally in China, domestic enterprises to enterprises, domestic enterprises to individuals or domestic individuals to individuals. And the theme of the cross-border electronic commerce deal must be between customs.

It may be domestic enterprises to overseas enterprises, domestic enterprises to overseas individuals or domestic individuals to overseas individuals. Trading subjects spread all over the world and have different consumption habits, cultural psychology and living habits, which requires cross-border e-commerce to have a deeper understanding of the introduction of traffic from various countries, the promotion and marketing of various countries, the behavior of foreign consumers, and the construction of international brands, and the complexity is far beyond that of domestic e-commerce.

3. Differences in transaction risks

Domestic enterprises only have a weak awareness of property rights, and a large number of brand-free and low-quality goods and counterfeit goods flood the cross-border electronic commerce market, infringing on intellectual property rights and other phenomena occur from time to time.

In countries with perfect business environment and legal system, it is easy to cause intellectual property disputes. Domestic e-commerce behavior takes place in the same country, and both parties have a unified understanding of intellectual property rights such as trademarks and brands. There are fewer disputes caused by infringement, and disputes arise in time, which is shorter and more convenient.

4. Differences in applicable rules

Cross-border e-commerce needs to adapt to more detailed and complicated rules than domestic e-commerce. The first is the platform rules. In addition to domestic platforms, cross-border e-commerce operations may also conduct transactions on foreign cross-border e-commerce platforms, and each platform has different operating rules.

Cross-border e-commerce should be based on international general trade agreements and bilateral changeable trade agreements. Cross-border e-commerce should keep abreast of changes in the international trading system, rules, import and export controls and policies, and also have a deeper understanding and analysis of import and export forms. (Source: Logistics and Supply Chain Finance)

The above content belongs to the author’s personal opinion and does not represent Hugo’s position! This article is reproduced with the authorization of the original author, and it needs the authorization and consent of the original author.

Speaking of transsexual surgery, it is no stranger to contemporary people.

With the development of science and technology and the improvement of human self-awareness, more and more transgender people use transsexual surgery to eliminate their physical and psychological pain caused by gender cognitive differences.

With the help of this kind of medical means, many of them have changed their growing experience of being misunderstood and discriminated against.

As the most recognized transgender in China,

Venus said: "I belong to the human part!

Gender is only my free choice. "

However, when transsexual surgery is not voluntary, will it bring the same result?

A warm and ordinary twin family, because of an accident, one of the boys was forced to undergo sexual organ transformation and become a girl when he was only 22 months old.

As a result, this "involuntary transsexual experiment" led by Dr. Harvard completely changed the fate of this family, leaving the two children in this family in a tangled gender cognition for the rest of their lives, and eventually they were broken and withered due to depression and mental breakdown. …

Horrible involuntary transsexual experiment

The story begins with a pair of Canadian twins, one named Bruce and the other named Brian, who were born on August 22nd, 1965.

Mothers and healthy twins

When they were just over half a year old, it was found that the foreskin was too long, which made it difficult to urinate, so the mother took her two babies to the hospital for circumcision.

Unfortunately, the medical technology was not developed at that time, and an accident happened in the middle of the operation. My brother Bruce’s genitals were burned completely by the electrocautery needle used in the operation.

Even now, reconstructing the lost male genitalia is still a high-risk operation for the newborn baby, so the doctor admits that Bruce’s injury is irreparable.

Mother is very sad and can only seek medical advice everywhere, hoping to save her children. Just when the husband and wife were on the verge of despair, they found Dr. john manny from the famous Johns Hopkins University in the United States.

John William Money,

The picture comes from Google.

This expert who focuses on research and psychology is often active in major TV programs, so he is quite famous. In the face of the help of the two couples, the doctor vowed that as long as the husband and wife are willing to help, he may help Bruce harvest a healthy life.

In john manny’s research field, he highly praised the "gender neutrality theory", believing that children have no concept of gender when they are born, and all their knowledge of gender comes from acquired education and environment. If children are "gender redistributed" when they are very young, and they are trained and educated, then they can get rid of their previous gender orientation.

In order to prove his theory, john manny did everything he could. At first, he tried to do a controlled experiment with bisexual people, and in order to get data to support his theory, he did not hesitate to falsify the experimental data.

However, people don’t pay for his experimental results, because bisexual people are vague about their own gender cognition, and with the influence of the day after tomorrow, it is indeed possible to have a bias towards a certain gender, so it is not universal.

The picture comes from Google.

Although john manny was frustrated by the result, he was helpless. Until he met the desperate Bruce couple.

Two same-sex twin babies, one maintaining the original sex and the other undergoing sex-change surgery, can form a perfect control group, and can also exclude the influence of some external uncertain factors, such as family factors and uterine environment. For john manny, this is simply a "godsend".

He quickly found the Bruce couple and persuaded them to let their two children participate in the experiment. He said that as long as he rebuilt his vagina, transformed Bruce into a girl and instilled the concept that he was a girl from an early age, he could become a woman!

This seems ridiculous now, but it has become the only lifeline for desperate parents. In order to make Bruce have a healthy and complete childhood, they accepted the doctor’s advice.

At this time, Bruce, who was only 22 months old, had sex replacement surgery, removed his testicles, changed from "he" to "she" and had a new name Brenda.

The picture comes from the Daily Mail.

After the transsexual operation, john manny injected Brenda with estrogen regularly.

At first, Brenda looked just like an ordinary girl, and her parents always took care of him as a "little girl" and instilled the idea that "you are a girl" in Brenda.

In this process, in order to stimulate Brenda’s female cognition, john manny adopted a series of operations that can be called "abnormal", such as showing Brenda naked photos of herself and her brother Brian, showing the completely different reproductive organs of men and women; Browse photos of women giving birth to baby girls and so on.

The picture comes from the Daily Mail.

In this way, until he was nine years old, john manny couldn’t wait to publish an article announcing that his experiment had been successful. However, he concealed the process of the experiment, and he didn’t mention anything about the adverse effects of the experiment and the psychological trauma caused to the two children.

After the article was published, it was supported and embraced by many people. Everyone went to Brenda’s home to interview, investigate and study, and the family’s life was forced to be placed in the attention of everyone.

Pictures come from the Internet.

Although everyone thinks Brenda is a girl, he has obvious "masculinity" from beginning to end. He likes to play with boys, solve problems by force, and prefer toys to dolls.

Moreover, since kindergarten, he has been mischievous and is the "king of problems" in the class. These personality characteristics show that Brenda is still a "boy" at heart, although her appearance has changed.

Pictures come from the Internet.

Because the original operation was not complete, with the growth of age, Brenda inevitably appeared some male characteristics, such as Adam’s apple and obvious muscles. The students around him gradually felt that he was different and crowded him out.

Brenda spent a long, lonely and self-abased youth in deep self-doubt.

Pictures come from the Internet.

After entering adolescence, Manny asked Brenda to have another artificial vagina operation, but Brenda had serious doubts about her gender cognition at this moment, so she was very resistant and unwilling to undergo the operation.

In the repeated struggle and self-doubt, the poor child suffered from severe depression and once tried to commit suicide. He didn’t know whether he was "him" or "her". Why are you so different from others? I don’t understand why everyone is asking him to be a "gentle and lovely" ordinary girl.

Watching his son fall into the dilemma of self-awareness and lose his happy smile bit by bit, his parents decided to stop the experiment and not force Brenda to inject estrogen or undergo sex modification surgery, and told Brenda the secret that had been hidden for 13 years.

He felt more relieved after being shocked, because his uniqueness finally found the answer.

Pictures come from the Internet.

Brenda gradually became cheerful and began to accept her identity as a "male". At the age of 16, he underwent penile reconstruction, changed his name to David Reimer.

At the age of 23, he got married and became the stepfather of three children.

Pictures come from the Internet.

However, after learning what happened to my brother, my brother Brian felt very unacceptable and his relationship with his brother deteriorated.

Growing up, he felt that Brenda had taken away all the attention from his parents and the outside world, which made him irritable. Later, he left this world sadly because he took too many antidepressants.

Pictures come from the Internet.

David didn’t finish his studies when he was a child, and his life was not smooth when he grew up. Later, he was cheated of money and was devastated. Looking at his broken family and his declining family, he chose to commit suicide.

At the age of 38, he shot himself. The bullet went through the temple, tore the brain stem fiercely and quickly, and took away his life. This devastated boy died in his car.

The distance between science and human nature

In fact, in history, so-called "scientists" like Manny who carried out terrorist experiments on human bodies under the guise of science abound, and they all brought serious psychological and physical trauma to the experimenters without exception.

The blind worship of science blurs the boundary between basic ethics and human nature.

Paul Feyerabend, an American philosopher of science, said in his book Against Methods: An Outline of Anarchism: "Science is conspicuous, grandstanding and rude. Only those who have decided to support a certain ideology, or those who have accepted science but have never examined its superiority and boundaries, will think that science is inherently superior."

The elite said that they had written the story of ——John B. Watson, an American behaviorist (click on the link: the parenting law that was once popular in the United States spread in China, and the experimental baby was devastated physically and mentally. Maybe your child is being cheated …). Watson conducted a series of gruesome experiments on the little boy "Albert" to prove his "crying immunity" education method, which was later called the most immoral experiment of psychology in the early twentieth century.

Pictures come from the Internet.

Watson hopes to apply what Pavlov learned from his research on dogs to people by observing Albert’s reaction. He constantly cultivates children’s fear of certain things and tests whether this fear can be transferred to other objects.

John B Watson wears a Santa mask to scare the baby.

In the experiment, little Albert was constantly frightened, and all he could give was to open his eyes in horror and cry … By the end of the experiment, the child’s expression was almost dull.

Pictures come from the Internet.

But like john manny, these "scientists" who focus on research never think that what they did led to the tragedy. Even though the experiments were widely criticized and criticized by the outside world, they themselves did not accept any punishment.

On September 25th, 1958, Waston died alone in Connecticut. Before his death, he burned all the unpublished scientific research results. Perhaps it was not until the end of his life that he realized his disregard and annihilation of human nature, and he began to question the truth he had always believed in through repeated destruction and destruction.

Pictures come from the Internet.

The evil in this world has many forms, even far beyond our imagination.

Time and time again, scientists have made selfish research, and one baby after another has been victimized by experiments. All this should not have happened. …

Science is rational, serious and even cold, but human beings are not. Whether it is extreme human experiments or genetic modification that touches the boundaries of life, if we abandon the most basic concern for human nature, it may lead to unpredictable tragic consequences.

Original title: "The most cruel human body transformation experiment in American history: Twin babies were forced to change sex, and an accident ruined two lives! 》

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