The social publicity and education base of domestic waste classification (Renhe base) located in Changsha No.1 waste transfer treatment plant is open to the public. (photo by all-media reporter Huang Qiqing)

　　As one of the 46 key cities of garbage sorting in China, Changsha has entered the "fast lane" of garbage sorting. The reporter learned from the mayor’s office meeting held on July 27 that by the end of June, the total amount of domestic garbage entering the municipal terminals in the city this year was 124. About 50,000 tons, an increase of 4. 42%, basically the same as the population growth rate, and the average annual growth rate of about 12% in previous years showed a significant slowdown trend.

　　Where did the kitchen waste and kitchen waste go? How can recyclable garbage be fully reused? In response to the public’s concerns, the reporter learned that Changsha is accelerating the construction of a classified recycling and disposal chain around the goal of garbage reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization. At the same time, Changsha actively introduced social resources to improve the specialization of garbage sorting, recycling and disposal.

　　More than 1 million tons of kitchen waste "turn waste into treasure"

　　At about 14: 00 every day, the collection and transportation personnel of Hunan United Kitchen Waste Treatment Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "United Kitchen") will arrive at Xihu Lou Hotel on Sanyi Avenue on time to recycle the kitchen waste generated at noon that day.

　　At the scene, two collection and transportation personnel dressed in overalls transported the kitchen waste packed in special recycling bins from the back kitchen one by one, fixed it on the hydraulic device on one side of the collection and transportation vehicle, and dumped the kitchen waste into the special collection vehicle. Subsequently, the collected kitchen waste is transported to the processing center of the joint kitchen, and is subjected to combined sorting, pulping, high-temperature cooking, solid-liquid separation and harmless treatment through special equipment.

　　Changsha is one of the earliest cities in China to build a collection, transportation and treatment project for kitchen waste. In 2017, Changsha became the first city in China to achieve full coverage of kitchen waste collection and transportation. At present, the city is about 2. 750,000 large, medium and small kitchen waste generating units have signed contracts and commitments for the collection, transportation and disposal of kitchen waste, with a daily collection, transportation and disposal capacity of 800 tons.

　　The random disposal of kitchen waste not only pollutes the environment, but also may be used by black-hearted vendors to refine "swill oil", which is harmful to public health. Through unified recycling, Changsha separated waste oil, waste water and waste residue from kitchen waste. Among them, the wastewater can be discharged up to the standard after treatment, and the biogas generated in the anaerobic fermentation process can also be used for power generation; The waste residue is made into high-protein feed raw materials by breeding fly maggots and black hydra, and biogas slurry biogas residue can be used as liquid and solid organic fertilizer for agriculture and forestry fertilization; The waste oil is processed into industrial-grade mixed oil and biodiesel for export to Europe.

　　According to statistics, since it was put into production in 2012, the project has collected and treated more than 1 million tons of kitchen waste, recycled more than 50,000 tons of kitchen waste oil, and the annual power generation exceeded 10 million kWh. The harmless treatment rate and resource utilization rate of kitchen waste reached 100%.

　　"The composition of kitchen waste in China is different from that in Japan or other developed countries, so it is difficult to copy the experience, which also requires us to study and explore more ways to treat kitchen waste harmlessly and resourcefully." Yi Zhigang, chairman of Hunan United Kitchen Waste Treatment Co., Ltd., said that at present, United Kitchen has more than 20 patented technologies for various kitchen waste treatment, resource utilization inventions and utility models. "Last year, we established the Organic Waste Recycling Research Institute, and introduced two academicians, yu long and Chen Xiaohong, to jointly build a cooperation base in Industry-University-Research, hoping to speed up the development of a set of technology that conforms to the characteristics of kitchen waste in China and can be replicated and promoted."

　　The first wet waste (kitchen waste) pretreatment project was completed in September.

　　Wet garbage represented by kitchen waste has high water content and large output, which is the focus of domestic waste classification and reduction. With the continuous expansion of domestic waste classification coverage, domestic waste in more and more communities in Changsha began to realize "dry-wet separation". Unrecoverable dry garbage will become the "raw material" for incineration power generation. What about the wet garbage such as leftovers, vegetable leaves and peels in residents’ homes?

　　In fact, Changsha took the first step to explore wet garbage disposal last year. At the beginning of 2018, Hunan Renhe Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. carried out special equipment transformation and technical upgrading for two of the existing nine compression positions in Changsha No.1 Waste Transfer Treatment Plant. Wet waste was collected in special warehouses, pretreated with special equipment and transported by special car through squeezing and dehydration. Among them, the sewage will be discharged up to standard after treatment, and the dehydrated residue will be cleaned and burned.

　　"Of course, this is only a transitional plan for the initial phased design of domestic waste in Changsha." Hu Shiti, general manager of Hunan Renhe Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd. told the reporter that the first waste sorting wet waste (kitchen waste) pretreatment terminal facility in the city is under construction. The project is expected to complete the installation of the construction and treatment line in September this year and start trial operation in October, with a daily processing capacity of 2,000 tons.

　　It is understood that after the project is completed and put into production, the wet waste (kitchen waste) classified by citizens will be crushed, squeezed and separated here by special equipment, and the solid residue will be transported to the municipal solid waste treatment plant by special transfer vehicles for resource utilization; Part of the high-concentration organic wastewater will be treated in a collaborative pilot plant through the anaerobic nitrification system of kitchen waste for initial resource utilization. At the same time, the whole process of the project will be treated in an underground fully enclosed workshop to ensure that the treatment process meets the environmental protection requirements.

　　Create a garbage collection network online and offline

　　"We take ‘ Small blue box ’ For the delivery point, with ‘ Little Blue House ’ For the centralized collection point, take ‘ Little blue car ’ For the collection and transportation dispatching system, with ‘ Blue Island ’ A classified collection entity network was built for the sorting center, and with the online technical support of the big data smart cloud platform, a full-process recycling system was built for recyclables and harmful waste in the four categories of domestic waste. " According to Ming Guoying, chairman of Hunan Wanrong Technology Co., Ltd., 216 "Little Blue Houses" have been opened in Changsha County, and more than 5,320 tons of recyclable materials and harmful waste have been recycled and disposed of this year, with a total of 1. More than 50,000 tons. The reporter saw in the "Little Blue Room" that harmful waste and recyclable materials can be classified and recycled here. The administrator will also register points for residents according to the weight of recycled materials, and the points will be entered into the matching "Classified Together" WeChat official account, which can be used to exchange items online.

　　Garbage is a misplaced resource. It is understood that in order to solve the problem of garbage resource utilization, Wanrong Technology has developed a "three networks integration" recycling system of the Internet, garbage classification network and renewable resource network, as well as a terminal disposal system for urban classified garbage, which fully meets the current garbage classification work. (Changsha Evening News, all-media reporter Tang Chaozhao, intern Wang Jiru)

In the seventh paragraph of Kunpeng Trail, the reporter saw that many trees were hung with road signs and streamers, with QR codes attached.

Shenzhen Business Daily reporter Wen Canwen/map

Recently, a little red book user posted that the trees along Shenzhen Kunpeng Trail were covered by a large number of colorful "road signs". Although these streamers are euphemistically called "guiding signs", they actually become "camouflage" for commercial advertisements. Netizens called for strict rectification of this phenomenon.

It is reported that most sections of Kunpeng Trail have set up official signs at intervals of 500 meters. In this case, is it still necessary to hang additional outdoor road signs? A few days ago, the reporter visited the 7 th and 10 th paragraphs of Kunpeng Trail on the spot and found that most of the so-called road signs in the wild along the way had a strong commercial atmosphere, which had deviated from the original intention of "guiding the way".

On-site: Commercial advertisements put on the coat of "guiding the way"

Outdoor signposts (commonly known as "signpost streamers") are intended to prevent getting lost and provide directions at key paths or fork roads. The reporter found on the spot that the streamers on Kunpeng Trail are mainly divided into three categories: activity propaganda streamers, commercial advertisements streamers and temporary government guidance streamers.

In the seventh section of Kunpeng Trail (from Zijian Garden to Jimuge), although the official signs are clearly visible along the way, many trees are still hung with road signs and streamers. Although they are under the banner of "helping the donkey friends to guide the way", they are mostly advertising carriers, and many of them are accompanied by QQ numbers or QR codes.

The reporter scanned a streamer QR code printed with the words "Shenzhen is fun and outdoor" and entered a small program of a travel agency. After registering and logging in, users can sign up for travel activities all over the country, and the cost ranges from 0 yuan to several thousand yuan. Another streamer with the small print of "outdoor hiking group" is displayed as a personal WeChat of an employee of a jewelry company in Shenzhen after scanning the code, and its signature includes jewelry products, courses and cultural tourism projects. A similar situation also exists in section 10 of Kunpeng Trail (Wutongshan section).

Controversy: Is it necessary to "flag streamer"?

In response to the phenomenon of "road signs floating" in Kunpeng Trail, the reporter interviewed some citizens randomly.

"The logo system of Shenzhen Kunpeng Trail itself is actually quite perfect," said Zhipeng, a senior hiker. "The density of official road signs is very high, and there is one every few hundred meters. In addition to the standard signs, there are also animal and plant science cards and emergency guidance cards along the way, and there are also clear reminder cards at key intersections. " He bluntly criticized the commercial streamers: "Many streamers are obviously printed with QR codes, that is, the commercial team is propaganda under the guise of’ guiding the way’, and the motivation is too explicit!"

Kobayashi, a novice hiker, holds a different view: "For those of us who are inexperienced, seeing the streamer will really feel at ease, at least indicating that someone has walked this route." She believes that streamers can provide intuitive assistance for hikers who are not familiar with trajectory navigation.

Suggestion: the organizer of outdoor activities should bear the responsibility of cleaning up.

In response to this phenomenon, Cao Jun, vice president of Shenzhen Mountaineering Outdoor Sports Association, pointed out that the organizers of outdoor activities should bear the responsibility of cleaning up. "It is recommended that outdoor clubs clean up the left streamers after the activities. In the road section where the official logo is clear enough, it is not necessary to hang additional signs. "

Pan Xiang, a lawyer of Guangdong Zhongan Law Firm and director of Shenzhen Law Society, said, "The streamer hung by the merchants is called a road sign, which is actually an outdoor advertisement. It is suspected of violating relevant regulatory regulations and is an outdoor advertisement set without approval." He pointed out that the road signs designed by merchants themselves are not necessarily accurate, which may mislead "donkey friends", occupy public resources and pollute the environment after being abandoned.

Official response: Private commercial streamers will be included in the "blacklist"

With the basic connection of the "Three Trails and Three Lines" hiking trail network in Shenzhen, the "road signs" left by various hiking teams are also increasing day by day. "Any commercial advertising streamers and unregistered activities are strictly prohibited from hanging in the Kunpeng Trail area. At the same time, we will also increase the lack of dangerous road signs based on the feedback from hikers, and add safety signs as needed. " The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Urban Management and Comprehensive Law Enforcement Bureau said.

The Municipal Urban Management and Comprehensive Law Enforcement Bureau is speeding up the formulation of the Measures for the Administration of Hiking Trails in Shenzhen, incorporating the relevant management requirements into the legal system, and blacklisting the activity organizations that fail to report as required, set up commercial streamers privately or fail to clean up, so as to restrict them from carrying out activities in Kunpeng Trail. And encourage citizens to participate in supervision and reporting by dialing 12345.

In history, the number of ticket jumps is the most and the development is the most difficult (how difficult is it to change the competition engine to civilian use? Please click here to read the ultimate super-run A ONE. Last year, the delivery date was postponed to 2021 for the third time. In the first half of this year, the development progress was delayed due to the epidemic. 275 prospective car owners may have to wait until 2022 to pick up their cars at any time …

In order to appease the long-suppressed dissatisfaction of distinguished customers, A not only allocated the first batch of 275 Black Series to A ONE owners for subscription, but also adopted the unique painting in the same style as A racing car-her name is Black Series P One Edition!

In addition to spraying the exclusive silver-black transition two-color with countless triangular stars, the interior of the Black Series P One Edition and the ten-spoke alloy wheels are decorated with the iconic blue of Team A, and her mechanical parts and performance data are the same as the standard version.

Is there a discount for the owner of A ONE to buy her? It is said that this special edition, which can only produce 275 sets at most, not only fails to offer preferential prices to distinguished customers, but also costs 50,000 euros more than the standard edition-you are not mistaken, even the price of "appeasement" has to be increased! So far, the pricing of Black Series has not been announced, and the predicted price given by different European media ranges from 250,000 to 300,000 euros.

I can’t buy this new car for various reasons, but I want to experience her limit on the track. What should I do? Money has a way! Fastbast, which provides track taxi service in New North, has ordered Black Series. It only costs 299 euros to take a 21-kilometer ride on the track open day, and there is a discount price of 279 euros from the second lap, 30 euros for on-board track video recording, and a 10% discount for repeat customers! Go！ Go！ Go！

Mercedes-AMG GT Black Series ‘2021

4.0L V8 dual/7 DCT/FR/730PS @ 6700 ~ 6900 rpm/800 nm @ 2000 ~ 6000 rpm

0-100km/h: 3.2s / 0-200km/h:

(Source: Mercedes-Fans/Editor: ty)

– END –

Provided by the author

Time and Subject Arrangement of College Entrance Examination in 2014 province June 7th June 8 June 9 9:00-11:30 15:00-17:00 9:00-11:30 15:00-17:00 9:00-11:30 15:00-17:00 Beijing Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Tianjin Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive Foreign language (English written test 15: 00-16: 40) 　 　 Heilongjiang Province Chinese/Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language Korean/Mongolian 　 Liaoning (Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Jilin (Province) Language/

Korean language/

Mongolian language

mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive Foreign Language (Listening Test at 16:50) 　 　 Inner Mongolia Chinese/Vocational Chinese/Vocational Mongolian/Ethnic Chinese Test Level 3 (written test 9: 00-10: 30) Mathematics/Higher Vocational Mathematics/Higher Vocational Mathematics (Mongolia) Literature comprehensive/science comprehensive/higher vocational specialized course comprehensive Foreign Language (including Listening Test)/Higher Vocational Foreign Language (excluding Listening Test) Mongolian A/Mongolian B/Korean 　 Ningxia Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Shanxi(Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Shanxi Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Hebei Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Henan(Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Shandong(Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language

Basic ability test 9: 00-11: 00

　 Xizang Chinese/Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language Tibetan language 　 Xinjiang Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive Foreign language/Chinese Mongolian language Bilingual class English Gansu Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Qinghai Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive Foreign languages (including listening) Tibetan/Mongolian Ethnic Chinese Test (MHK) (including listening) Hubei(Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Anhui (Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Shanghai Chinese mathematics Politics, history, geography, physics, chemistry, life sciences foreign language 　 　 Zhejiang(Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language Optional module 　 Jiangsu(Province) Chinese mathematics / foreign language Physics/History (9: 00-10: 40) Chemistry/Biology/Politics/Geography (15:00-16:40) Jiangxi Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Hunan Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Fujian(Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Sichuan(Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Chongqing Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Guizhou (Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Yunnan(Province) Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Guangxi Chinese mathematics Literature comprehensive/management comprehensive foreign language 　 　 Guangdong Chinese mathematics Basic arts/science foreign language 　 　 Hainan Chinese mathematics Politics/Physics (9: 00-10: 30) foreign language History/Chemistry (9: 00-10: 30) Geography/Biology (15: 00-16: 30)

　　Recently, several encrypted communication softwares, such as secret chat cat, Telegram, bat, secret communication and seagull, have frequently appeared in public notices issued by local police, which are accused of providing convenience for criminals to destroy criminal evidence. The police reminded that parents should check whether the above software is installed in their children’s mobile phones in time and delete it at the first time!

　　For example, WeChat official account, the official WeChat of Nanjing Public Security Bureau, announced on May 16th that the secret chat software, because of its strong privacy of encrypted communication, especially the function of "burn after reading", provided convenience for criminals to destroy criminal evidence, making the secret chat software a "gray area".

　　The Nanjing Public Security Bureau said that nowadays, criminals have moved their servers from China to overseas, changed their communication tools from mass software to overseas secret chat software or domestic niche chat software, and changed their crime equipment from traditional "pseudo base stations" to "Modem pool", GOIP, Doka Bao, VoIP and so on. This kind of telecommunication network fraud crime committed by using new space and new equipment is highly technical, which increases the difficulty of investigating the case.

　　Nanjing Public Security Bureau reminded that minors are not deeply involved in the world, and criminals cajole minors into providing personal information and other content through rhetoric on secret chat software, making them "accomplices" in illegal and criminal acts and even committing "helping the letter".

　　The so-called "crime of helping the letter" is the crime of helping the information network criminal activities. The Criminal Law Amendment IX, which came into effect on November 1, 2015, added the crime of "helping information network criminal activities": providing technical support such as Internet access, server hosting, network storage, communication transmission, or providing assistance such as advertising promotion, payment and settlement, if the circumstances are serious, they shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention, and shall also or shall only be fined.

　　Compared with the crime of "helping the letter", online fraud is more common. The following fraud routines are aimed at student groups, please pay attention to parents!

　　01

　　Free skin "big trap"

　　Nowadays, many children play games and pay special attention to "skin". Therefore, under the banner of "giving away skin for free", some scammers use the simple thinking of children and the weakness of not being able to communicate with parents to induce children to steal their parents’ mobile phones for transfer operations.

　　All kinds of initiatives to chat up, saying that there is free skin to collect, and then let you scan the code first and then thaw, are all scams!

　　02

　　Red envelope rebate "killing fish plate"

　　Liars post red envelopes to return false information through a short video website, WeChat and other channels, and many primary school students will believe it and be pulled into the group.

　　Liars first attract high profits as bait, and then cheat money with various excuses such as handling fees, transfer fees and red envelope fees. When the scam is discovered, the other party will be deleted or blacked out immediately.

　　03

　　Fake "anti-addiction" to cheat money

　　Nowadays, many children spend a lot of time at home, but they want to play games but are limited by the "anti-addiction system". They always want to find a way to crack it. Therefore, on the grounds of relieving the addiction of the game, the scammer deceived the minors to obtain their relatives’ WeChat or Alipay accounts and payment passwords through screen sharing, and then transferred the bank card property and defrauded the money.

　　04

　　Fake stars send "fake benefits"

　　Nowadays, many children like idolize, especially believing in idols. Liars generally work together, or one person plays multiple roles, and some pretend to be stars, with free benefits as bait; Some play brokers or fans, tricking students into bringing their parents’ mobile phones and cheating step by step.

　　Common fraud methods include pretending to be a star, asking fans to help hit the list, and charging for entering the star fan base.

　　How to effectively avoid cyber fraud?

　　Always check the electronic products such as computers and mobile phones used by children in online classes. It is recommended to keep only the apps that must be used in class, and uninstall all other unrelated apps such as games, social networking and payment.

　　Strengthen anti-fraud education for children. Don’t look at, ignore, or order calls, text messages, and links of unknown origin; Don’t pay attention to strangers who deliberately strike up a conversation on the internet, don’t covet petty gains, believe in winning prizes, earning extra money and other rhetoric; Do not listen, believe or transfer money for any reason.

　　Parents should take care of their mobile phones, bank cards and other items. Don’t let your child know the payment password or change the password, and don’t set the payment APP as confidential payment, so as to avoid large-scale transfer and remittance after being deceived. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the balance of the child’s own WeChat account and Alipay account.

　　Parents should put down their mobile phones when they have time, accompany their children to study, read and play more, and use a full life instead of playing mobile phones. Once you find that your child has been cheated, please immediately keep the evidence and call the police!

Source: Shanghai network rumors

Compilation: Wei Ke Meng Suoya, Editor: Wei Ke Meng Suoya, Jiang Shunyao.

Wei Kemeng’s original micro-essay, welcome to forward and reprint, and the source of the reprint must be indicated in WeChat official account.

guide reading 　

Professor Tian Xingjun from School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University and others published an article entitled "Synergy of saporphs with mycorhiza for little decomposition and hotspot formation dependencies on nutrient availability in the sphere" in Geoderma on December 27th, 2021. Plants can obtain and recycle nutrients from soil organic matter, and these dynamics depend on highly diverse rhizosphere microorganisms. Although the functions of many microbial groups have been determined, how different groups interact to influence biogeochemical processes is still poorly understood. In this study, the effects of the interaction between saprophytic bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the decomposition of alfalfa litter and the spatial distribution of enzyme activities in poor soil and nutrient-rich soil were studied by zymogram analysis.In poor soil, compared with single inoculation, co-inoculation of humic bacteria (Alcaligenes faecalis) or saprophytic fungi (Phanerochaete chrysosporium) with AMF(Rhizophagusi rregularis) can decompose litter faster and make the hot spot area of rhizosphere enzyme larger..The interaction between AMF and saprophytic bacteria is stronger than that with saprophytic fungi. The synergistic effect of saprophytic bacteria and AMF on litter decomposition and enzyme hot spot formation is weaker in eutrophic soil than in barren soil. On the contrary, in eutrophic soil, the co-inoculation of saprophytic fungi and AMF reduced litter decomposition.. PLS-PM analysis shows that,Faster litter decomposition and larger enzyme hot spots can promote plant growth.. Our results show that,There is an important synergistic relationship between these two microorganisms, which plays an important role in promoting plant growth in poor soil.. Among them,AMF can promote litter mineralization by increasing the biomass and enzyme activities of saprophytic bacteria (nitrate reductase, urease and cellulase).. At the same time, saprophytic bacteria increased the colonization rate of AMF and the hot spot of enzyme activity. These hot spots in turn expand the nutrient activation area around the roots-rhizosphere. In a word, the synergistic effect between saprophytic bacteria and AMF on litter decomposition and the formation of enzyme hot spots may be an important mechanism to promote plant adaptability under the condition of low soil nutrient availability.

sb/sth attracting attention 　 1. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can increase litter decomposition by stimulating saprophytic bacteria in malnourished soil. 2. inoculation with AMF can enlarge the hot spot area of rhizosphere enzyme activity by 13% ~ 400%. 3. In the soil with poor nutrients, AMF is more important for plant growth than in the soil with sufficient nutrients. 　 　

Key words:Litter decomposition, rhizosphere process, nutrient cycle, plant-soil-microorganism interaction, soil zymogram

Paper ID

originName:Synergy of saprotrophs with mycorrhiza for litter decomposition and hotspot formation depends on nutrient availability in the rhizosphere

translatename：The synergistic effect of saprophytic bacteria and mycorrhiza in litter decomposition and enzyme hot spot formation depends on the availability of rhizosphere nutrients.

journal：Geoderma

IF：6.114

Publication time:2021.12.27

Communication workBy:Professor Tian Xingjun

Communication author unit:Nanjing University School of Life Sciences

DOI number:10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115662

Experimental design

Medicago sativa L., a common host plant of AMF, was selected as the experimental plant and planted on two kinds of soil (nutrient-rich soil and barren soil). A total of 6 inoculation treatments (Control, not inoculated; Sapr-Bact, inoculated with saprophytic bacteria A. faecalis； alone; Sapr-Fungi, inoculated with saprophytic fungus p.chrysosporium alone; AMF, inoculated with R. irregularis； alone; Sapr-Bact/AMF, A. faecalis and R. irregularis were co-inoculated; Sapr-Fungi/AMF, co-inoculation of P. chrysosporium and R. irregularis). A total of 108 samples (6 inoculums × 2 nutritional levels × 3 sampling times × 3 replicates). After planting for 3 months, samples of plants, litter and soil were taken every month to determine the nutrient content. Microbial biomass, AME colonization, soil zymogram analysis and litter decomposition were determined.

result

Table 1. Chemical properties of litter and soil

Mean and standard deviation (n = 3)

Figure 1. Design of experimental miniature basin. Nylon mesh (aperture 30 μm) separates the big basin from the small basin. AMF is added to the big pot, and saprophytic bacteria or fungi are added to the small pot. The top edge of the small pot is 10mm above the soil surface, which makes the pot easy to take out. The spatial distribution of enzyme activity on the surface of the inner hole of the big basin after removing the small basin was determined by zymogram.

Fig. 2. The influence of litter decomposition rate (K value) (a), the mass loss of alfalfa litter (b), the correlation between substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and litter decomposition rate (c), and the SIR value (d) of inoculation amount at two soil nutrient levels after decomposition for 3 months. The value in (a) is the average of the influence of inoculation on the K value (n = 3) and the 95% confidence interval. Not exceeding the zero line indicates that the impact is significant. The values (b and d) are mean and standard deviation (n = 3 and 9). The letter indicates that there is a significant difference between the two kinds of soils under the same soil nutrient level, and the asterisk indicates that there is a significant difference between the two kinds of soils under the same microbial inoculation (p <0.05). (Control, not vaccinated; Sapr-Bact, inoculated with saprophytic bacteria A. faecalis； alone; Sapr-Fungi, inoculated with saprophytic fungus p.chrysosporium alone; AMF, inoculated with R. irregularis； alone; Sapr-Bact/AMF, A. faecalis and R. irregularis were co-inoculated; Sapr-Fungi/AMF, co-inoculation of P. chrysosporium and R. irregularis).

Fig. 3. Principal component analysis (PCA) of enzyme activity (arrow) and decomposition rate (k) between different treatments. Characters are centered and standardized before sorting. (NR, nitrate reductase; URE, urease; ACP, acid phosphatase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; BG, β -glucosidase; CEL, cellulase).

Fig. 4. The zymogram of β -glucosidase activity, acid phosphatase activity and chitinase activity in poor soil three months after transplantation. The number in the upper left corner of each zymogram shows the percentage of hot spots (A). Color scale indicates enzyme activity (pmol mm-2h-1). Hot spot area percentage (b) of each inoculation point of the two soils after decomposition for 3 months. The values are mean and standard deviation (n = 3). The letter indicates that there is a significant difference between the two kinds of soils under the same soil nutrient level, and the asterisk indicates that there is a significant difference between the two kinds of soils under the same microbial inoculation (p <0.05).

Fig. 5.PLS-PM shows the direct or indirect influence between soil nutrient level, AMF colonization rate, microbial biomass and microbial decomposition of litter, plant biomass and hot spots. The width of the arrow is proportional to the strength of the path coefficient. Blue and red arrows indicate negative and positive effects, respectively. The arrow indicates the significant effect (p <0.05). The numbers on the arrows represent significant standardized path coefficients. The R2 value represents the explained variance. Microbial functions include: nitrate reductase and urease activity; Plant biomass includes: aboveground biomass and root biomass; Enzyme activity hotspots include β -glucosidase activity, acid phosphatase activity and chitinase hotspot.

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one

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The platform only provides the inspection results of the queried invoice face information. If there is any doubt about the inspection results, please bring the original invoice to the local tax authorities for identification.

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　　Legal system is an important weapon to promote ecological environmental protection, and law enforcement supervision is an important means to win the battle against pollution. Facing the new situation of normalization of epidemic prevention and control, the ecological environment department should firmly establish the thinking of rule of law, adhere to administration, governance and protection according to law, and protect the ecological environment with the power of rule of law.

　　The quality of China’s ecological environment has obviously improved. One of the important reasons is that the legal system of ecological environment is getting stricter and stricter, the law enforcement and supervision are getting stronger and stronger, and there are more and more means to punish environmental violations. The legal means such as seizure, daily penalty, crime imprisonment and damage compensation have become the swords hanging over the heads of offenders. The rigid constraint of the law made the offenders pay a high price, which played a great deterrent and preventive role.

　　At present, China has basically formed a system of eco-environmental laws and regulations led by environmental protection law. However, with the deepening of ecological civilization construction and the continuous improvement of eco-environmental protection requirements, environmental problems in some fields need to be controlled and solved by new legal systems, and their legislative gaps need to be filled urgently. There are still some previously enacted laws that are difficult to adapt to the new situation and new tasks and need to be revised in time. We should actively promote the formulation and revision of laws in the fields of Yangtze River protection, marine environmental protection, environmental impact assessment and biosafety, as well as administrative regulations in the fields of pollutant discharge permit and ecological environment monitoring. At the same time, we should summarize and refine the good experiences and practices accumulated in the tough battle of pollution prevention and control in time, upgrade them into systems, turn them into laws, and further establish and improve the legal system of ecological environment.

　　In recent years, local ecological and environmental departments have further intensified the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform, especially this year, in order to better support the economic and social development, the "two positive lists" system has been launched. We should not only help enterprises solve practical difficulties, but also strengthen law enforcement and supervision. It is necessary to continue to organize the central eco-environmental protection inspectors, promote the implementation of "the party and government have the same responsibility, one post and two responsibilities" in all localities, and solve a number of outstanding ecological and environmental problems; It is necessary to continue to strengthen supervision and fixed-point assistance, guide and help and urge key areas to solidly promote the comprehensive air pollution control plan in autumn and winter; For cities with outstanding ozone pollution, carry out special supervision and assistance for key industries of VOCs emission; Organize accurate supervision and assistance to key cities outside the region that have difficulties in achieving air quality improvement goals. On the platform of overall planning and strengthening supervision, we will integrate on-site inspections of key tasks of pollution prevention and control such as remediation of drinking water sources, further reduce the scale and time, and reduce the burden on grassroots.

　　If the law is not strictly enforced, it is a paper tiger. Law enforcement teams should practice their internal strength, constantly enhance their law enforcement capabilities and improve their law enforcement efficiency. Comprehensive use of daily continuous punishment and other means to strengthen the connection between ecological environment administrative law enforcement and criminal justice, strengthen the coordination and cooperation between law enforcement and monitoring departments, and severely crack down on ecological environment illegal and criminal acts that are strongly reflected by the masses and are subjective and malicious. Optimize law enforcement methods, further promote the "double random and open" supervision, and enhance the scientific, fair and effective supervision. It is necessary to strengthen the deep integration of law enforcement, key supervision and credit supervision, implement classified supervision of enterprises, and reasonably set the proportion and frequency of spot checks. Strengthen the automatic monitoring and management of key pollutant discharge units, give play to the "clairvoyance" function of hot grid, vigorously promote the use of intelligent means, and promote off-site supervision to improve the efficiency of law enforcement. It is necessary to improve the working mechanism of letters and visits, implement the reward reporting system, regard letters and visits as a "gold mine" for finding clues about ecological and environmental problems, and promote the solution of outstanding ecological and environmental problems around the masses.

　　As a law enforcement department, the ecological environment department should adhere to the law and regulations and enhance the legitimacy of pollution prevention and control measures. Standardize law enforcement behavior in accordance with the Guiding Catalogue of Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Matters of Ecological Environmental Protection, further standardize discretion and put an end to arbitrary punishment and arbitrary law enforcement. For the rectification of ecological and environmental problems, we must resolutely prohibit "one size fits all" behavior, and put an end to simple and rude practices such as emergency shutdown and suspension of production, "all shutdown" and "stop first". Through strict law enforcement and supervision, it is necessary to urge enterprises to run pollution control facilities well, implement standards in place, guide enterprises to consciously abide by the law, establish a law-abiding incentive mechanism, and promote the sound development of ecological environmental protection.

On June 14 th, Apple released the iOS 18 Beta 1 update this week.Users who have upgraded the beta version can now use Apple Pay on any desktop web browser (such as Chrome, Edge, Firefox, etc.).

After iPhone users upgrade iOS 18, they will use Apple Pay to check out on a desktop browser other than Safari, and a new QR code will appear on the screen. After users open the camera application to scan the code, they can pay for the checkout on the iPhone side.

Apple provided more details about the system at the coding conference released today. Website developers need to adopt the latest Apple Pay SDK, so it will take some time for the website to fully roll out this function.

Note: Apple Pay on the desktop network was previously limited to Safari on the Mac, so this is a long-awaited attempt to extend this function to more browsers and devices.

Special feature of 1905 film network There is such a singer: he is one of the three tenors in the world; He once sang nine treble C’s in a row, that is, nine extreme trebles for tenors, and was known as the "king of treble C"; His record sales exceeded 100 million, and his performances were watched by more than 10 million people.

He is the Italian tenor &mdash; &mdash; Luciano Pavarotti.This week, ""will broadcast a documentary film of the same name recording his life.

Luciano Pavarotti

How did you become the king of the century?

In 1935, Luciano Pavarotti was born in the northern Italian city of Modena. In fact, before he became a singer, he was a primary school teacher and lived in poverty. In his spare time, he needed to sell insurance to supplement his family. But he inherited his father’s good voice, and both father and son joined the local choir.

Little Pavarotti and his parents.

At the age of twenty, Pavarotti’s choir won the championship in an international vocal competition. This gave him the idea of taking the road of professional singing. However, his father disagreed. According to my father’s own experience, even with the sound of nature, it is not easy to achieve success in the tenor field.

But his mother encouraged him to try bravely: "My son’s singing is very pleasant." So with the support of his mother, Pavarotti practiced his singing skills for six and a half years, and finally got the opportunity to play Rudolph, the leading actor in the famous opera Bohemian.

The third from the right is Pavarotti.

Luciano Pavarotti

Affinity with China

Pavarotti has performed in China for four times, and his complex with China lasted for twenty years.

In 1986, Pavarotti came to China for the first time and performed his famous work Bohemian in Beijing Tianqiao Theater. At the same time, a solo concert was held in the Great Hall of the People, which made him the first western musician to perform in the Great Hall of the People.

Pavarotti cycling on Chang ‘an Avenue.

In 2001, Pavarotti visited China twice.In June, in order to support Beijing’s bid for the Olympic Games, Pavarotti joined hands with two other world tenors &mdash; &mdash; , jose carreras, held the "Three Tenors in the World" concert in the Forbidden City.In December of the same year, he held a solo concert at the Shanghai Grand Theatre.

Live photo of the concert of "Three Tenors in the World" in the Forbidden City

In 2005, Pavarotti visited China for the fourth time and held two farewell tours around the world in Beijing and Shanghai. Although due to physical reasons, he can only sit and finish the performance, but he still shows the elegance of a master.

Live photo of farewell performance in Beijing in 2005

In 2019, on the 12th anniversary of Pavarotti’s death, a documentary film of the same name, Pavarotti, came out, which outlined the life of a singer full of love and hope.

In November, 2020, national centre for the performing arts showed the film for the first time, and the audience interested in Pavarotti gathered together to witness this historic screening.

National centre for the performing arts shows live photos of Pavarotti.

Luciano Pavarotti

Let Classics Rejuvenate in Fashion.

In the early 1990s, Pavarotti had become one of the richest singers in the entertainment industry, but he never forgot the embarrassing life of his childhood. Since 1993, every summer, he will hold a charity concert called "Pavarotti and His Friends" in his hometown of Modena, Italy, with his friends, and give his modest contribution to the displaced refugees, children and other people in need around the world.

Live photos of Pavarotti and his friends in the open air.

Ricky Martin and celine dion were both guests at the charity concert. It was an era when pop music occupied the mainstream market, and Pavarotti, as a representative of classical music, became one of the most influential figures of that era. He brought bel canto, which has been confined to the classical music hall for hundreds of years, to the public by extremely relaxed entertainment, and injected new life into classical music.

"Pavarotti and His Friends" performance site

director

And Pavarotti

The documentary film Pavarotti was directed by Ron Howard, a director who is very good at making biographies. In 2001, he won the Best Director Award at the 74th Academy Awards for his biopic. In addition, the film he directed was adapted from Nixon’s interview with host Foster. The film he directed is based on the true story of two F1 racers competing with each other in the 1970s.

From left to right, it is a beautiful mind and dialogue Nixon.Poster of "Fast Wind"

In 2016, when Ron Howard directed the documentary film Eight Days a Week: The Beatles’ Tour Era, he became interested in music. At the suggestion of the producer, he decided to try to direct a film about Pavarotti.

Because in his view, although many people love opera and know who Pavarotti is, they don’t know him.

Director Ron Howard once said: "The Beatles’ documentaries let more people know the true side of the Beatles and give everyone a chance to understand and respect them. Pavarotti’s documentaries are also directed to do the same thing."

This program is live.

In this issue of CCTV-6 movie channel’s Saturday promotion version, a famous tenor in China will be the recommender to take you into the documentary film Pavarotti. In the Sunday film review edition, host Jiang Xiaohan will share more behind-the-scenes stories of this film with film scholar Suo Yabin and tenor Li Jinshuo of the Central Opera House.

Program recording site

[Welcome to this program]

CCTV-6 movie channel "Good film has a date"

Sunday, January 22nd

13:06 Pavarotti

15:00 Sunday Film Review Edition